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In theoretical physics, a brane or p-brane is a spatially extended, mathematical concept that appears in string theory and its relatives (M-theory and brane cosmology). The variable p refers to the spatial dimension of the brane. That is, a 0-brane is a zero-dimensional pointlike particle, a 1-brane is a string, a 2-brane is a "membrane", etc. Every p-brane sweeps out a (p+1)-dimensional world volume as it propagates through spacetime. Interaction in the subatomic world: world lines of pointlike particles in the Standard Model or a world sheet swept up by closed strings in string theory String theory is a model of fundamental physics whose building blocks are one-dimensional extended objects called strings, rather than the zero-dimensional point...
Bosonic string theory is the original version of string theory, developed in the late 1960s. ...
Superstring theory is an attempt to explain all of the particles and fundamental forces of nature in one theory by modeling them as vibrations of tiny supersymmetric strings. ...
In theoretical physics, type I string theory is one of five consistent supersymmetric string theories in ten dimensions. ...
In theoretical physics, type II string theory is a unified term that includes both type IIA strings and type IIB strings. ...
In physics, a heterotic string is a peculiar mixture (or hybrid) of the bosonic string and the superstring (the adjective heterotic comes from the Greek word heterosis). ...
M-theory is a solution proposed for the unknown theory of everything which would combine all five superstring theories and 11-dimensional supergravity together. ...
M-theory in relation to the 5 other string theories, Heterotic Type I, and Type II A and B strings. ...
String field theory is a proposal to define string theory in such a way that the background independence is respected. ...
A string is the fundamental object of study in a branch of theoretical physics called string theory. ...
Quantum field theory (QFT) is the quantum theory of fields. ...
In physics, gauge theories are a class of physical theories based on the idea that symmetry transformations can be performed locally as well as globally. ...
A conformal field theory is a quantum field theory (or statistical mechanics model) that is invariant under the conformal group. ...
Topological quantum field theory in theoretical physics provides an example of background-independent quantum theory, but with no local degrees of freedom, and only finitely many degrees of freedom globally. ...
This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...
In theoretical physics, supergravity (supergravity theory) refers to a field theory which combines the two theories of supersymmetry and general relativity. ...
An illustration of a rotating black hole at the center of a galaxy General relativity (GR) (aka general theory of relativity (GTR)) is the geometrical theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915/16. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
This is a list of string theory topics, by Wikipedia page. ...
Theoretical physics employs mathematical models and abstractions of physics, as opposed to experimental processes, in an attempt to understand nature. ...
Interaction in the subatomic world: world lines of pointlike particles in the Standard Model or a world sheet swept up by closed strings in string theory String theory is a model of fundamental physics whose building blocks are one-dimensional extended objects called strings, rather than the zero-dimensional point...
M-theory is a solution proposed for the unknown theory of everything which would combine all five superstring theories and 11-dimensional supergravity together. ...
Brane cosmology is a protoscience motivated by, but not rigorously derived from, superstring theory and M-theory. ...
2-dimensional renderings (ie. ...
In physics, the world line of an object is the unique path of that object as it travels through 4-dimensional spacetime. ...
In physics, spacetime is any mathematical model that combines space and time into a single construct called the space-time continuum. ...
Originally string theory was a theory of 1-branes called strings. By the mid-1990s it became apparent that the theory could be extended to also include higher dimensional objects. Typically these objects are non-perturbative features of the theory (meaning they do not appear in perturbation theory) which is partially why early string theorists were unaware of them. A string is the fundamental object of study in a branch of theoretical physics called string theory. ...
In quantum mechanics, perturbation theory is a set of approximation schemes directly related to mathematical perturbation for describing a complicated quantum system in terms of a simpler one. ...
Besides the fundamental string (or F-string) of string theory and its magnetic dual, the NS5-brane, the most important type of branes that appear are the D-branes. Different types of D-branes appear in different theories. Even Dn-branes for n appear in type IIA string theory where as the odd Dp-branes appear in type IIB string theory. In theoretical physics, an NS5-brane is a five-dimensional object (a p-brane) in string theory that carries a magnetic charge under the B-field, the field under which the fundamental string is electrically charged. ...
In theoretical physics, D-branes are a special class of p-branes, named for the mathematician Johann Dirichlet. ...
In theoretical physics, type II string theory is a unified term that includes both type IIA strings and type IIB strings. ...
In theoretical physics, type II string theory is a unified term that includes both type IIA strings and type IIB strings. ...
With the development of M-theory, an extra dimension appeared and the fundamental string of string theory became a 2-dimensional membrane called an M2-brane (or supermembrane). Its magnetical dual is an M5-brane. The various branes of string theory are thought to be related to these higher dimensional M5-branes wrapped on various cycles. M-theory is a solution proposed for the unknown theory of everything which would combine all five superstring theories and 11-dimensional supergravity together. ...
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