The Bristol Freighter (Bristol Type 170) was an aircraft conceived by Wing Commander Taffy Powel who opened a fascinating and innovative chapter in British aviation. A keen and impatient traveller himself, Powel realised that by adapting the design of the Bristol 130 Bombay bomber, he could fly passengers with their cars from Britain to continental Europe. The aircraft he conceived was the Bristol Freighter and it allowed motorists to take their cars abroad from Britain. On the July 7, 1948, Powel's Silver Cityairline made the first ever British flight with a car, from Lympne in Kent to Le Touquet on the northern coast of France. The service was a resounding success and a larger derivative the Bristol Superfreighter was soon developed. In turn that was replaced by a British conversion of some Douglas DC-4 airliners known as the ATL-98 Carvair.
As ferries became faster and were supplemented by hovercraft and hydrofoils capable of carrying civilian vehicles, the economics of carrying small numbers of cars by air became uncompetitive so the Carvairs were not replaced and the airlines based around that concept faded from the scene, being taken over by others mainly focused on passenger traffic rather than cargo.
In New Zealand SAFE Air (Straits Air Freight Express) moved railfreight from Wellington (the North Island) to Blenheim (the South Island), and back, using the Bristol Freightor reconfigured to accept palletised cargo loaded on patented cargons that were mechanically loaded as a unit from devices that were electric-motor powered via screw-jacks. The loader accepted pallets from horizontal-tray road vehicles and then raised them to allow loading into the nose of tail-wheeled aircraft.
During the Middle Ages, Bristol became an important commercial centre; it was recognized as a staple town in 1353, and it enjoyed a considerable trade in wool, leather, wine, and salt.
Bristol had trading links with France, Holland, Portugal, and Spain, and was the second most-important city in England between the 15th and 18th centuries.
Bristol's status as a port declined in the 19th century, as it was unable to berth the increasingly large vessels.