Bristol Jupiter engine

The Bristol Jupiter was a British 9-cylinder one-row piston radial engine used in the 1930s and 1940s aircraft. It was built under license in France as the Gnome-Rhone Jupiter and in the Soviet Union as the M-22. Jupiter engine at Bristol Industrial Museum, Bristol, England. ... Jupiter engine at Bristol Industrial Museum, Bristol, England. ... Radial engine of a biplane. ...

History

The Jupiter was designed during World War I by Roy Fedden of Cosmos Engineering. During the rapid downscaling of military spending after the war, Cosmos went bankrupt in 1920, and was eventually purchased by Bristol Aeroplane Company on the strengths of the Jupiter design. The engine matured into one of the most reliable on the market. Production started in 1918 and ceased in 1930. Combatants Allies: • Serbia, • Russia, • France, • Romania, • Belgium, • British Empire and Dominions, • United States, • Italy, • ...and others Central Powers: • Germany, • Austria-Hungary, • Ottoman Empire, • Bulgaria Casualties Military dead: 5 million Civilian dead: 3 million Total: 8 million Full list Military dead: 3 million Civilian dead: 3 million Total: 6 million Full... Sir Roy Fedden was an engineer who designed most of Bristol Engine Companys successful aircraft engine designs. ... Bankruptcy is a legally declared inability or impairment of ability of an individual or organization to pay their creditors. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... Bristol Aeroplane Company logo The Bristol Aeroplane Company (formerly British and Colonial Aeroplane Company) was a major British aircraft company which, in 1959, merged with several major British aircraft companies, to become the British Aircraft Corporation and later still part of British Aerospace, now BAE Systems. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ...

The Jupiter was fairly standard in design, but featured four valves per cylinder, which was uncommon at the time. The cylinders were machined from steel forgings, and the cast heads were later replaced with aluminium alloy following studies by the RAE. In 1927 a change was made to a forged head due to the rejection rate of the castings. This article needs cleanup. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ...

In 1925 Roy Fedden started designing a replacement for the Jupiter. Using a shorter stroke to increase the rpm, and including a supercharger for added power, resulted in the Bristol Mercury of 1927. Applying the same techniques to the original Jupiter-sized engine in 1927 resulted in the Bristol Pegasus. Neither would fully replace the Jupiter for a few years. 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... A supercharger (also known as a blower) is an air compressor used to compress air into the cylinders of an internal combustion engine. ... Bristol Mercury engine The Mercury was a 9 cylinder one_row radial aircraft engine that was developed by the Bristol Aeroplane Company in 1925, as their Bristol Jupiter was reaching the end of its lifespan. ... Bristol Pegasus piston engine The Pegasus was a 9 cylinder one_row radial aircraft engine designed as the follow-on to the Bristol Aeroplane Companys very successful Bristol Jupiter, following lessons learned in the Mercury effort. ...

The Jupiter is best known for powering the Handley Page HP42 Hannibal airliner, which flew the London-Paris route in the 1920s. Other civilian uses included the de Havilland Giant Moth and de Havilland Hercules, the Junkers G 31 (which would evolve into the famous Junkers Ju 52), and the huge Dornier Do X flying boat which used no less than twelve engines. Handley Page logo The Handley Page Aircraft Company was founded by Frederick Handley Page in 1909 as the United Kingdoms first publicly traded aircraft manufacturing company. ... For other uses, see London (disambiguation) and Defining London (below). ... The Eiffel Tower, the tallest structure in Paris, is an international symbol of the city. ... The 1920s were a decade sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties, usually applied to America. ... The Junkers Ju 52 nicknamed Tante Ju (Auntie Ju) and Iron Annie was a civilian airliner and military transport aircraft and bomber manufactured between 1932 and 1945 by Junkers. ... The Dornier Do X was a German flying boat that was the largest aircraft in the world when it came out. ...

Military uses were less common, but included the parent company's Bristol Bulldog, as well as the Gloster Gamecock and Boulton-Paul Sidestrand. It was also found in prototypes around the world, from Japan to Sweden. General History The Bristol Bulldog was a Royal Air Force (RAF) single-seat biplane fighter designed during the 1920s by the Bristol Aeroplane Company, with over three hundred Bulldogs produced, that arguably became the most famous aircraft during the RAFs inter-war period. ... The Boulton Paul P.29 Sidestrand was an twin_engine biplane medium bomber of the Royal Air Force. ...

The Jupiter saw widespread use in licensed versions, with fourteen countries eventually producing the engine. In France the Gnome-Rhone company produced a version that was used in several local civilian designs, as well as achieving some export success. Siemens-Halske took out a license in Germany and produced several versions of increasing power, eventually resulting in the Bramo 323 Fafnir, which saw use in wartime models. In Japan, the Jupiter was license-built from 1924 by Nakajima, forming the basis of their own subsequent radial aero-engine design, the Kotobuki. The most produced version was in the Soviet Union, where their M-22 version powered the famous Polikarpov I-16, which was built in the thousands. Le Rhône 9C Gnome et Rhône was a major French aircraft engine manufacturer. ... Siemens AG (NYSE: SI) is the worlds largest electronics company. ... The Bramo 323 Fafnir was a 9-cylinder radial aircraft engine of the World War II era. ... Categories: Stub | Japanese aircraft manufacturers | Aircraft engine manufacturers ... The Polikarpov I-16 was the worlds most advanced fighter aircraft when it was introduced in the mid-1930s, and soon formed the majority of the Soviet Air Forces units. ...

Specifications (Jupiter)

General characteristics

• Type: 9-cylinder naturally aspirated air-cooled radial engine
• Bore: 5.75 in (190 mm)
• Stroke: 7.5 in (190 mm)
• Displacement: 1,750 in³ (28.7 L)
• Dry weight: 730 lb (330 kg)

Components

• Valvetrain: Four valves per cylinder, two intake and two exhaust
• Cooling system: Air-cooled

Performance

• Power output:
  
  • 435 hp (325 kW) at 1,575 rpm maximum continuous power
  • 580 hp (430 kW) at 1,950 rpm takeoff power
• Specific power: 0.33 hp/in³ (15.0 kW/L)
• Compression ratio: 5:1
• Power-to-weight ratio: 0.60 hp/lb (0.98 kW/kg)

Radial engine of a biplane. ... In engineering, specific power (sometimes also power per unit mass or power density) refers to the amount of power delivered by an energy source, divided by some measure of the sources size or mass. ... The compression ratio is a single number that can be used to predict the performance of any internal-combustion engine. ... Power-to-weight ratio is a measure commonly used when comparing various vehicles (or engines), including automobiles, motorcycles and aircraft. ...

See also

• Bristol Mercury
• Bristol Pegasus
• List of aircraft engines

Bristol Mercury engine The Mercury was a 9 cylinder one_row radial aircraft engine that was developed by the Bristol Aeroplane Company in 1925, as their Bristol Jupiter was reaching the end of its lifespan. ... Bristol Pegasus piston engine The Pegasus was a 9 cylinder one_row radial aircraft engine designed as the follow-on to the Bristol Aeroplane Companys very successful Bristol Jupiter, following lessons learned in the Mercury effort. ... List of aircraft engines: // Piston engines Allison V-1710 Alvis Leonides Armstrong-Siddeley Puma Armstrong-Siddeley Cheetah Armstrong-Siddeley Nimbus Bentley BR1 Rotary BMW 132 BMW 139 BMW 801 Bristol Aquila Bristol Centaurus Bristol Hercules Bristol Jupiter Bristol Pegasus Bristol Perseus Bristol Phoenix Bristol Taurus Bristol Titan Bristol Hydra Bristol...

Turbojets are the simplest and oldest kind of general purpose jet engine. ... CFM56-3 turbofan, lower half, side view. ... Rolls-Royce Olympus 593 The Olympus is a high-powered axial-flow turbojet, originally developed at Bristol Aero Engines, later passed to Bristol Siddeley, and finally to Rolls-Royce. ... The Bristol Orpheus was a single spool turbojet developed by Bristol Aero Engines for various light fighter/trainer applications such as the Gnat and the Fiat G91Y. Later, the Orpheus formed the core of the first Pegasus vectored thrust turbofan. ... Rolls-Royce Pegasus The Rolls Royce Pegasus is a turbofan engine manufactured by Rolls-Royce plc. ... The Bristol Siddeley BS100 was a two spool, vectored thrust, turbofan, similar in general arrangement to that of the Rolls-Royce Pegasus, but with the addition of Plenum Chamber Burning (PCB), to enable the P1154 VSTOL fighter to accelerate to supersonic speed. ... A schematic diagram showing the operation of a turboprop engine. ... Bristol Theseus engine Theseus was the Bristol Aeroplane Companys first attempt at a gas-turbine engine design, a turboprop that delivered just over 2,000 hp (1,500 kW). ... Bristol Proteus engine The Proteus was the Bristol Aeroplane Companys first successful gas-turbine engine design, a turboprop that delivered just over 4,000 hp (3,000 kW). ... The Bristol Orion aeroengine was a 2 shaft turboprop intended for later marks of the Bristol Britannia and Canadair CL-44. ... A ramjet, sometimes referred to as a stovepipe jet, is a type of jet engine. ... The Bristol Thor was a 16 diameter ramjet engine developed by Bristol Aero Engines (later Bristol Siddeley Engines) for the Bloodhound anti-aircraft missile. ...