Most United Kingdom universities can be classified into 5 main categories, Representation of a university class, 1350s. ...

• Ancient universities - universities founded before the 19th century
• Red Brick universities - universities founded in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
• New Universities - two categories of institutions have been given this label:
  • those created in the 1960s less often called Plate Glass Universities, which were known as "New Universities" when first created, but which are now more commonly considered a sub-section of the "Old Universities" which existed prior to the 1992 changes which allowed Polytechnics to become Universities, and
  • those created in or after 1992 often called Post-1992 universities, from polytechnics and colleges of Higher Education, which are the Universities most commonly referred to as "New Universities" in the present day.
• The Open University, founded in 1968 is Britain's sole mainly distance-learning University.

The University of London and the University of Wales have since their inception been federal universities. That is, a governing body with over all responsibility for the maintenance of standards at the constituent colleges. Recently, however, there has been considerable pressure from the larger colleges to become completely autonomous institutions. An example of this would be the continued efforts of Imperial College London to gain autonomy from the federal University of London, or Cardiff University leaving the University of Wales. Ancient university is a term used to describe the medieval and renaissance universities of the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland that have continued to exist. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Red Brick originally referred to the six civic British universities which were founded in the industrial cities of England in the Victorian era and which achieved university status before World War II. The modern term roughly equates to those members of the so-called Russell group of universities founded between... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... In the United Kingdom, the term New University has two meanings regarding British universities. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... The University of Yorks Central Hall is an example of plate glass architectural design. ... The Further and Higher Education Acts 1992 made changes in the funding and administration of further education and higher education within the United Kingdom. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... In the UK, the Post-1992 universities or Modern Universities are the former polytechnics or colleges of higher education that were given the status of universities by John Majors government in 1992 or colleges that have been granted university status since then: Post-1992 or Modern Universities Abertay University... The term polytechnic, from the Greek πολύ polú meaning many and τεχνικός tekhnikós meaning arts, is commonly used in many countries to describe an institution that delivers vocational or technical education and training, other countries do not use the term and use alternative terminology. ... The Open University (OU) is the UKs open learning university. ... The University of London is a university based primarily in London. ... The University of Wales (Prifysgol Cymru in Welsh) is a federal university founded in 1893. ... Imperial College London is a British university institution and a constituent college of the University of London. ... The University of London is a university based primarily in London. ... The main building of Cardiff University Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Cardiff University Cardiff University (Welsh: Prifysgol Caerdydd) is a leading university located in the civic centre of Cardiff, Wales. ...

The University of Buckingham is the sole private university of the UK. The University of Buckingham is the United Kingdoms first and only privately-financed ( not state-financed) University. ...

Undergraduate applications to nearly all UK universities are managed by UCAS - the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. In some educational systems, undergraduate education is post-secondary education up to the level of a Bachelors degree. ... New UCAS logo, as of 2006 UCAS (Universities & Colleges Admissions Service, pronounced YOU-kass, IPA: ) is a clearing house for applications to almost all undergraduate degree programmes at British universities and colleges. ...

In the United Kingdom a new university is generally instituted by Act of Parliament or Royal Charter; in either case generally with the approval of Privy Council, and only such recognized bodies can award degrees of any kind. The London School of Economics (which is part of the University of London) was founded with Articles of Association as it is actually a company registered with Companies House and has no Royal Charter or founding Act of Parliament. An Act of Parliament or Act is law enacted by the parliament (see legislation). ... A Royal Charter is a charter given by a monarch to legitimize an incorporated body, such as a city, company, university or such. ... A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a nation, especially in a monarchy. ... A Royal Charter is a charter given by a monarch to legitimize an incorporated body, such as a city, company, university or such. ... An Act of Parliament or Act is law enacted by the parliament (see legislation). ...

Admission

There is a centralised admission system operated by UCAS. Applications, which may be made on-line, must be made by October 15th of the previous year for Oxford and Cambridge (and medicine, dentistry and veterinary science courses) and by January of the same year for admissions to other UK universities. New UCAS logo, as of 2006 UCAS (Universities & Colleges Admissions Service, pronounced YOU-kass, IPA: ) is a clearing house for applications to almost all undergraduate degree programmes at British universities and colleges. ... The University of Oxford (usually abbreviated as Oxon. ... The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University), located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world and has a reputation as one of the worlds most prestigious universities. ...

Many universities now operate the Credit Accumulation and Transfer Scheme (CATS) and all universities in Scotland use the Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework (SCQF) enabling easier transfer between courses and institutions. Credit Accumulation and Transfer Scheme (CATS) is used by many universities in the United Kingdom to monitor, record and reward passage through a modular degree course and to facilitate movement between courses and institutions. ... SCQF Logo The Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework (SCQF) is the national credit transfer system for all levels of qualifications in Scotland. ...

Funding

The vast majority of British universities are state financed, with only one private university - the University of Buckingham - where students have to pay all their fees. None of the universities are actually state-owned, however. The University of Buckingham is the United Kingdoms first and only privately-financed ( not state-financed) University. ...

English undergraduate students (and students from other EU countries) have to pay university fees up to a maximum of £3,000 capped (in 2004/5). A state-provided loan is available which may only be used for tuition fee costs. Welsh undergraduate students studying in a Welsh University have to pay a maximum university fee of £1,200, however, if they choose to study outside of Wales they are subject to the same fees as students from that country. i.e. if a Welsh student studies in England they pay £3000. Scottish and EU students studying in Scotland have their fees paid by the Student Awards Agency for Scotland, however also have to pay a sum of around £2,000 when they graduate. Students are also entitled to apply for state-provided loans to pay for living costs, a portion of which is also means-tested. A new grant is also available, which is means-tested and offers up to £2700 a year. As part of the deal allowing universities to charge up to £3000 a year in tuition fees, all universities are required to offer burseries to those in receipt of the full government grant of at least £300. Different funding arrangements are in place for students on NHS funded degree and diploma courses, with students on nursing, midwifery, and operating department practice courses being eligible for a non-means tested bursary, while healthcare students on degree level courses are eligible for a means tested bursary, and are not eligible for the full student loan as a result of their bursary entitlement. Motto (French) God and my right Anthem God Save the King (Queen) England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Government Constitutional monarchy  -  Queen Queen Elizabeth II  -  Prime Minister Tony Blair MP Unification  -  by Athelstan 967  Area... The word student is etymologically derived through Middle English from the Latin second-type conjugation verb stÅ­dÄ“rÄ•, meaning to direct ones zeal at; hence a student is one who directs zeal at a subject. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the country. ... The word student is etymologically derived through Middle English from the Latin second-type conjugation verb stÅ­dÄ“rÄ•, meaning to direct ones zeal at; hence a student is one who directs zeal at a subject. ... The Student Awards Agency for Scotland (SAAS) is an Executive Agency of the Scottish Executive Enterprise, Transport and Lifelong Learning Department and is responsible for paying the tuition fees for Scottish higher education students and awarding student loans. ... GBP may be: short for Game Boy Player the ISO currency code for the British Pound Sterling. ...

Students in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland are also eligible for a means-tested grant, and many universities provide bursaries to poorer students. International students are not subsidised by the state and so have to pay much higher fees. Motto (Latin) No one provokes me with impunity Cha togar mfhearg gun dioladh (Scottish Gaelic)1 Wha daur meddle wi me?(Scots)1 Anthem (Multiple unofficial anthems) Scotlands location in Europe Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official languages English, Gaelic Government Constitutional monarchy  -  Queen Queen Elizabeth II  -  Prime... This article is about the country. ... Anthem: UK: God Save the Queen Regional: (de facto) Londonderry Air Capital Belfast Largest city Belfast Official languages English (de facto), Irish, Ulster Scots 3, BSL, NISL, ISL Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister of the UK Tony Blair MP  - First Minister Ian Paisley  - Deputy First Minister...

In principle, all postgraduate students are liable for fees, though a variety of scholarship and assistantship schemes exist which may provide support. The main sources of funding for postgraduate students are research councils such as the AHRC and ESRC. Postgraduate students from the UK or EU who spend less than 16 hours per week on course mandated lectures or seminars are also eligible to claim unemployment benefit and housing benefit, provided that they can prove they are available to work 40 hours per week. This is irrespective of if they are enrolled as studying full-time or part-time. However, typically this is not a common source of funding except for students in the 'writing up' stage of a phd, where they have completed their main period of registration as a phd student and are finishing off their thesis. Quaternary education or postgraduate education is the fourth-stage educational level which follows the completion of an undergraduate degree at a college or university. ... Unemployment benefits are payments made by governments to unemployed people. ... Housing Benefit is a means tested social security benefit in the UK that is intended to help people with low incomes and low savings pay for rented accommodation. ...

Funding history

In the years following the end of World War II local education authorities (LEAs) paid student fees and provided non-mature students assisted with a maintenance grant. Under the Education Act 1962 a national Mandatory Award of student maintenance grant was established, payable by the LEAs to students on most full-time courses. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... A Local Education Authority (LEA) is the part of a council in England or Wales that is responsible for education within that councils jurisdiction. ...

As the university population rose during the 1980s the sums paid to universities became linked to their performance and efficiency, and by the mid 1990s funding per student had dropped by 40% since the mid 1970s, while numbers of full-time students had reached around 200,000 (around a third of the age group), up from around 130,000. The 1980s refers to the period where corey sucks peters and has a not little to look at his little penis of and between 1980 and 1989. ... For the band, see 1990s (band). ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, In the Western world, the focus shifted from the social activism of the sixties to social activities for ones own pleasure, save for environmentalism, which continued in a very visible way. ...

Following an investigation into the future of universities, the July 1997 report of the National Committee of Inquiry into Higher Education [1], chaired by the then Sir Ronald Dearing recommended the ending of universal free higher education, and that students should pay £1,000 towards the cost of their tuition fees, which would be recovered in the form of a graduate tax. 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Dearing Report, formally known as the reports of the National Committee of Inquiry into Higher Education is in fact a series of major reports into the future of Higher Education in the United Kingdom, published in 1997. ... Ronald Ernest Dearing, Baron Dearing Kt CB was a senior civil servant before becoming Chairman and Chief Executive of the Post Office Ltd. ...

At the time of the Dearing report, fees were still paid by the government, student grants of up to £1,755 (£2,160 in London) were linked to family income, and a subsidised student loan of £1,685 (£2,085 in London) was available. Instead of following Dearing's suggestions, the grant was replaced by the present loan scheme, introduced for students starting in 1998. There was a transition year when about half the previous means-tested grant was available, although the new £1000 tuition fee still had to be paid. From 1999, the grant was abolished altogether. This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean [1]. // Coated in ice, power and telephone lines sag and often break, resulting in power outages. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...

From the academic year 2006/7, a new system of fees will be introduced. These variable tuition fees of up to £3000 per year will have to paid up-front as at present, but new student loans will be available that may only be used to pay for tuition fees, and will have to be repaid upon graduation, in addition to the existing loan. In fact, there is very little variation in the fees announced by universities — nearly all will charge the full £3000 on all courses. Instead, the differences will appear in the nature and value of various 'access' bursaries that will be on offer. An academic term is the time during which a school, college or university holds classes. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini era. ... Top-up fees (not their official name) are a new way of charging tuition to undergraduate and PGCE students who study at universities in the United Kingdom from the 2006-2007 academic year onwards. ...

Reputations

British universities tend to have a strong reputation internationally for two reasons: history and research output. Britain's imperial past, combined with the longevity of universities like Oxford, Cambridge, St Andrews, and Glasgow, are the main reasons that these institutions are world renowned. The reputation of British institutions is maintained today by their continuous stream of world-class research output. The University of Oxford (usually abbreviated as Oxon. ... The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University), located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world and has a reputation as one of the worlds most prestigious universities. ... St Marys College Bute Medical School St Leonards College[5][6] Affiliations 1994 Group Website http://www. ... Master of Theology (MTh) Dentistry Nursing Affiliations Russell Group, Universitas 21 Website http://www. ...

As a simplistic guide, Oxbridge colleges tend to be the most highly regarded, followed by three colleges of the federal University of London (Imperial College London,University College London, and the London School of Economics). After the above five, there is a strong tier of pre-1992 World-Class rated universities from the the Scottish Ancients (St Andrews and Edinburgh), the Red Brick universities (Bristol, Nottingham, Manchester), the Plate Glass Universities (Bath, Loughborough, Warwick,and York), and other ancient English Universities and London Colleges (Durham, King's College London, and the School of Oriental and African Studies). While there is no official attempt to generalize this, the above universities are usually considered more desirable than other highly-rated pre-1992 universities (such as Cardiff, Lancaster, Leicester, Sheffield, and Southampton). Oxbridge is a name used to refer to the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, the two oldest in the United Kingdom and the English-speaking world. ... The University of London is a university based primarily in London. ... Imperial College London is a British university institution and a constituent college of the University of London. ... University College London, commonly known as UCL, is a college of the University of London. ... The London School of Economics and Political Science, often referred to as the London School of Economics or simply the LSE, is a specialist constituent college of the University of London. ... The Ancient universities of Scotland are those universities founded during the medieval period, and comprise (list by year of being chartered): The University of St Andrews, founded 1411 by papal bull The University of Glasgow, founded 1451 by papal bull The University of Aberdeen, founded 1495 by papal bull (as... St Marys College Bute Medical School St Leonards College[5][6] Affiliations 1994 Group Website http://www. ... The University of Edinburgh, founded in 1582,[4] is a renowned centre for teaching and research in Edinburgh, Scotland. ... Red Brick originally referred to the six civic British universities which were founded in the industrial cities of England in the Victorian era and which achieved university status before World War II. The modern term roughly equates to those members of the so-called Russell group of universities founded between... The University of Bristol is a university in Bristol, England. ... The University of Nottingham is a leading research and teaching university in the city of Nottingham, in the East Midlands of England. ... The University of Manchester is a university located in Manchester, England. ... The University of Yorks Central Hall is an example of plate glass architectural design. ... The University of Bath is a campus university located near Bath, England. ... Loughborough University is located in the market town of Loughborough, Leicestershire in the East Midlands of England. ... The University of Warwick coat of arms The University of Warwick is one of the leading universities in the United Kingdom. ... The University of York is a campus university in York, England. ... Durham University is a university in England. ... Kings College London is the largest college of the University of London and one of a number of university institutions founded in England in the early 19th century: only the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge have royal charters predating that of Kings. ... The School of Oriental and African Studies (commonly abbreviated to SOAS, pronounced [səuæs] or [səuæz]) is one of the leading universities of the United Kingdom and is also a college of the University of London. ... The main building of Cardiff University Cardiff University (Welsh: Prifysgol Caerdydd) is a leading university located in the Cathays Park area of Cardiff, Wales. ... Lancaster University is a campus university located about three miles south of Lancaster, England. ... University of Leicester seen from Victoria Park - Left to right: the Department of Engineering, the Attenborough tower, the Charles Wilson building. ... The University of Sheffield is a research university, located in Sheffield in South Yorkshire, England. ... The University of Southampton is a university situated in the city of Southampton, on the south coast of Great Britain. ...

The Post-1992 universities – mostly ex-polytechnics set up in the reforms of 1992 – have a lower overall reputation, with most of the members regularly appearing in the bottom half of most league tables. Most of this newer group belong to the Coalition of Modern Universities and tend to be situated around a town or city that already has a well respected university, e.g. Oxford Brooks being near the leading University of Oxford, De Montfort university being near the University of Leicester, Southampton Solent within the same city of Southampton and Nottingham Trent within Nottingham, or smaller cities and towns without a university such as Bolton, Luton, Northampton, and Wolverhampton. The Times University Rankings give more detailed information. In the UK, the Post-1992 universities or Modern Universities are the former polytechnics or colleges of higher education that were given the status of universities by John Majors government in 1992 or colleges that have been granted university status since then: Post-1992 or Modern Universities Abertay University... The Further and Higher Education Acts 1992 made changes in the funding and administration of further education and higher education within the United Kingdom. ... Formed in 1997, the Coalition of Modern Universities is the working group of British universities incorporated since 1992 and university colleges. ... The University of Bolton (formerly Bolton Institute of Higher Education) is a university in Bolton in the United Kingdom. ... University of Luton - Learning Resources Centre The University of Luton is a university based in Luton in Bedfordshire, near London. ... This article is about The University of Northampton in the present day; for the University in existence from 1261 to 1264, see University of Northampton (thirteenth century). ... The University of Wolverhampton is a British university, located on four campuses across the West Midlands and Shropshire. ...

The perceived ranking of top British universities is also heavily influenced by the popularity in recent years of league tables which rank universities by teaching and research. In the most reputable of these tables, The Times University Rankings, Cambridge and Oxford are regularly first and second in a list of 100 UK universities. There is still a clear tier system in operation, with less well-considered universities often struggling to attract able students, staff and funding. Partially, but not entirely, by way of competing, many of the less highly regarded universities have taken the opportunity to expand into new areas (such as media studies and sports science). League Tables of British Universities, which rank the performances of universities in the United Kingdom on a number of criteria, have been published every year by The Times newspaper since the early 1990s. ... Media studies concerns the study of media content, institutions, and its role in society. ... Sports science is the study and application of scientific principles and techniques with the aim of improving sporting performance. ...

However, if one thing is to be learnt from recent statistics it is that comparisons in a single subject (which is what students are generally interested in) often give quite different answers from overall comparisons. In the 2003 Times Good University Guide, 21 universities come top in at least one subject area, 41 are in the top three in at least one subject area, and 80 are in the top ten in at least one subject area. Part of this diversity stems from the fact that not all subjects are offered at all universities and they thus have no possibility of appearing anywhere near the top of the table, The Times is a national newspaper published daily in the United Kingdom since 1785, and under its current name since 1788. ...

The most famous example of subject-specific ranking being dramatically different from the overall ranking is probably in history, where Oxford Brookes, the former polytechnic, gained a higher research rating than the elite University of Oxford, or modern languages, where Middlesex University, another former polytechnic, gained a higher rating than Oxford or Cambridge in the Guardian 2004 university league tables. An oft-quoted example is that of the various engineerings, where Cambridge, Oxford and Durham are not present in any of the top-20s, despite their high overall rankings. This is misleading however, since these universities do not offer any of the specific engineering courses, instead providing a general engineering course (which allows specialization in later years), where they were ranked 1st, 2nd and 5th respectively in 2005. Southampton has a particularly strong showing in engineering where it is the only university in the country to hold the top (5*) RAE rating in all departments within its engineering faculty. Oxford Brookes is a public university in Oxfordshire, England. ... The University of Oxford (usually abbreviated as Oxon. ... A modern language is any human language that is used by societies in the world today. ... Middlesex University is a university in north London, England, located in the historic county boundaries of Middlesex (from which it takes its name). ... The University of Oxford (usually abbreviated as Oxon. ... The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University), located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world and has a reputation as one of the worlds most prestigious universities. ... Engineering is the design, analysis, and/or construction of works for practical purposes. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The University of Southampton is a university situated in the city of Southampton, on the south coast of Great Britain. ...

Peculiarities

In the United Kingdom the vast majority of university students attend universities situated a long distance from their family homes; this is not true for universities in most European countries, such as Italy or Spain. For this reason most universities in the United Kingdom will provide (or at least help organise) rented accommodation for many of their students, particularly freshers (new entrants). At some universities accommodation may be provided for the full duration of the course. For this reason the lifestyle of university students in the United Kingdom can be quite different from those of other universities around the world where the majority of students live at home with their parents. Alternate uses: Student (disambiguation) Etymologically derived through Middle English from the Latin second-type conjugation verb stŭdērĕ, which means to study, a student is one who studies. ...

Representation

UK universities have a statutory obligation to support their students in the establishment of some form of Students' Association (often referred to as a "Students' Union", and in the Scottish Ancients as a Students' Representative Council.) These associations are sometimes members of the National Union of Students of the United Kingdom and / or their local National Union of Students Areas. A Students Association is a grouping of students through a common cause or identity typically found at universities and colleges. ... Students Representative Councils (SRC) were established by the Universities (Scotland) Act 1896 and are present at the five ancient universities of St Andrews, Aberdeen, Glasgow and Edinburgh as well as Dundee University. ... The National Union of Students (NUS) is the main federation of students unions that exist inside the United Kingdom. ... The National Union of Students (NUS) is the main federation of students unions that exist inside the United Kingdom. ...

Whether or not universities actually do conform to such statutory obligations, and if, for example, the code of practice of the NUS (National Union of Students) is followed when determining the make-up of such bodies is a hotly contested and ambiguous matter. There is no real or well-implemented vetting service used to ensure that, for example, Student Union Presidents are fairly (or non-discriminatingly) selected – or that a minimal, standardised and regional method of ensuring an allocation of annual university funding is directed towards such student union bodies.

Post-nominal abbreviations

It is common for graduates of universities worldwide to place the name of their university, or universities, after the abbreviation for their degree, or degrees. Although it is a practice that is in decline, even at the oldest institutions, several British universities still customarily use an abbreviation of their Latin name. Universities that share the name of an episcopal see often use the same abbreviation as the bishop uses for his signature. Examples include:

• Cantab (Cantabrigiensis) for Cambridge

• Dunelm (Dunelmensis) for Durham

• Ebor (Eboracensis) for York

• Edin (Edinburgensis) for Edinburgh

• Exon (Exoniensis) for Exeter

• Oxon (Oxoniensis) for Oxford

• Glas (Glasguensis) for Glasgow

The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University), located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world and has a reputation as one of the worlds most prestigious universities. ... Affiliations 1994 Group, European University Association, Association of MBAs, EQUIS, Universities UK, N8 Group, Association of Commonwealth Universities Website http://www. ... The University of York is a campus university in York, England. ... The University of Edinburgh, founded in 1582,[4] is a renowned centre for teaching and research in Edinburgh, Scotland. ... The University of Exeter is a leading red brick university. ... The University of Oxford (usually abbreviated as Oxon. ... Master of Theology (MTh) Dentistry Nursing Affiliations Russell Group, Universitas 21 Website http://www. ...

See also

• List of British Universities
• List of UK universities by size
• Education in the UK
• Colleges within UK Universities
• University
  • Dutch universities
  • French universities
  • Irish Universities
  • Italian universities
  • Spanish universities
  • US universities
• Russell Group of Universities
• 1994 Group of Universities
• British degree abbreviations
• Ancient universities
• Ancient universities of Scotland
• UK topics