Class 316 has been allocated to two distinct prototype 25kV AC electric multiple units, used to to test new traction equipment in the early 1990s.
316999
The first unit, 316999, was the 'Networker' test unit in its AC overhead electric configuration. For more details, see Class 457 (its classification when in DC third rail electric configuration). The unit formation was:
Unit No.DMSOTSOTSODMSO 316999 67300 + 67401 + 71246 + 67301
316997
The second unit, 316997, was made up of three carriages from a former Class 307 unit, 307118. It was converted to test the 'Holec' traction equipment that was later used to power the Class 323 units. Once the tests were complete, the unit was withdrawn, and two of the carriages have now been scrapped.
The BritishRailClass 423 (or 4Vep) electrical multiple units were built by BR at York Works from 1967-74, although the MBSOs and TSOs of the first 20, 7701-7720, were constructed at Derby Works.
The units were reclassified as Class 423/9 (or 4Vop) and renumbered in the range 3901-3919.
Although first introduced in 2002, this did not initially affect the Class 423 as the older 'Phase 1' Class421 units were withdrawn first, due to their age and lower seating capacity.
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