Bruce Bolt (born February 15, 1930 - died July 21, 2005) was a Professor of Earth and Planetary Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Professor Bolt was a seismologist known as pioneer of engineering seismology. He served for 15 years on the California Seismic Safety Committee leading public debate on earthquake safety in that state, and acted as a consultant on major projects throughout the world. As well, Bolt published a number of popular and technical books on seismology. February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1930 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... July 21 is the 202nd day (203rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 163 days remaining. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and is the current year. ... University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (also known as Cal, University of California, UC Berkeley, UCB, or simply Berkeley) is a public coeducational university situated in the foothills of Berkeley, California, USA to the east of San Francisco Bay, overlooking the Golden Gate. ... Seismology (from the Greek seismos = earthquake and logos = word) is the scientific study of earthquakes and the movement of waves through the Earth. ...

Early Life and Career

He was born Bruce Alan Bolt in Largs, New South Wales just north of Maitland in 1930. Bolt studied at the University of Sydney obtaining his Bachelors Degree in 1952, his Masters Degree in 1955 and a Doctorate in Applied Mathematics in 1959. He also lectured at Sydney University in Mathematics but developed an interest in mathematical modelling of the earth's interior. Bolt obtained a D. Sc from Sydney University in 1972 while working at Berkeley. After visiting the Lamont Geological Observatory in New York, Bolt visited the Department of Geodesy and Geophysics at Cambridge University where he met Professors Perry Byerly and John Verhoogen of Berkely who invited him to that university. The city of Maitland is situated in the Lower Hunter region of New South Wales, Australia, near two national highways, a 90-minute drive to Sydney and 30 minutes to the Hunter Valley Vineyards, Newcastle and Port Stephens. ... The University of Sydney, established in 1850, is the oldest university in Australia, and it is located in Sydney, the capital city of the state of New South Wales. ... REDIRECT [1] ...

Career at Berkeley

Bolt started as Director of the Berkely Seismological Stations (now the Berkeley Seismological Laboratory in 1963 and served in that position until 1991. In that position, he was at the forefront of seismology especially as a pioneer of engineering seismology. He identified the impact of near-fault effects of earthquakes as well as the "fling" where the fault slips during an earthquake which has a strong impact on structures near the quake. Professor Bolt was elected to the US National Academy of Engineering in 1978 as recognition for his contribution to that profession. As Director of the Berkely Seismology Centre, Bolt pioneered the use of digital recordings rather than paper readouts to read data.

Bolt identified that the epicenter of the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake was near Daly City, California not near Olema, California in Marin County as had been previously thought. He also helped to design a simulation of the 1906 quake at the California Academy of Sciences museum in Golden Gate Park which has been seen by millions of people. He has written a number of works including Earthquakes: a Primer in 1978 and Inside the Earth: Evidence from Earthquakes in 1982. San Francisco City Hall, April 20, 1906 The San Francisco earthquake of 1906 was a major earthquake at San Francisco, California on the early morning of Wednesday, April 18, 1906. ... Daly City is a city located in San Mateo County, California, United States. ... Marin County is a county located in Californias San Francisco Bay Area, across the Golden Gate Bridge from San Francisco. ... The California Academy of Sciences is one of the ten largest natural history museums in the world. ... The domed Conservatory of Flowers is one of the worlds largest. ...

Professor Bolt served on the California Seismic Safety Committee for 15 years including a year as Chairman in 1986. In that position, he had a significant impact on California's earthquake safety legislation and helped to create that states mandatory system of earthquake hazard mapping.

He was a consultant for every major engineering project on seismology including on the Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant as well as international projects including the Aswan Dam and the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System. Diablo Canyon is an album by American southern rock band The Outlaws, released in 1994. ... Map of Egypt showing the location of Aswan and Lake Nasser Aswan is a city on the first cataract of the Nile in Egypt. ... Map of the pipeline The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS), usually called the Alyeska Pipeline in Alaska or the Alaska Pipeline elsewhere, is a major U.S. oil pipeline connecting oil fields in northern Alaska to a sea port where the oil can be shipped to the Lower 48 states...

Professor Bolt retired in 1993. He died of pancreatic cancer in July 2005 at the Kaiser Permanente Medical Center in Oakland. He was a citizen of the US at the time of his death. Pancreatic cancer (also called cancer of the pancreas) is represented by the growth of a malignant tumour within the small pancreas organ. ... Aerial view looking west over downtown Oakland, Lake Merritt and the Port of Oakland. ...

Other Contributions

During his career, Professor Bolt served as a member of a number of important scientific and academic organisations. These include:

• President of the California Academy of Sciences between 1982 and 1985;

• Member of the Board of Trustees for the California Academy of Sciences between 1981-92 and again in 1999;

• President of the Academic Senate at Berkeley in 1992-93; and

• President of the Faculty Club at Berkeley between 1994 and 2004;

• President of the Seismological Society of America in 1974;

• Bulletin editor of the Seismological Society of America between 1965 and 1972; and

• President of the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior between 1980 and 1983.

Upon retiring from Berkeley, Bolt received its highest honor the Berkeley citation.

Written Works

Bruce Bolt published a number of works about seismology during his career. These include:

• Geophysics Editor Academic Press New York 1973 ISBN 0-12-460813-2

• Geological Hazards: Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Volcanoes, Avalanches, Landslides, Floods editor 1975 and 1977 Springer-Verlag New York ISBN 0-387-90254-6

• Nuclear Explosions and Earthquakes: the Parted Veil W.H. Freeman San Francisco 1976 ISBN 0-7167-0276-2

• Earthquakes: A Primer W.H. Freeman San Francisco 1978 ISBN 0-7167-00948-.

• Inside the Earth: Evidence from Earthquakes W.H. Freeman San Francisco 1982 ISBN 0-7167-1359-4

• Earthquakes 5 editions 1987-2003, 2003 edition published by W. H. Freeman New York ISBN 0-7167-5618-8

• Earthquakes and Geological Discovery Scientific American Library New York 1993 ISBN 0-7167-5040-6

References

• Berkeley media release on death of Bolt

• Berkeley Seismological Laboratory tribute page

• San Francisco Chronicle obituary published 26 July 2005

• Contra Costa Times obituary published 26 July 2005