Bruce Stanley Kovner (born 1945 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American businessman. He is the founder and Chairman of Caxton Associates, LLC, a hedge fund that trades a global macro strategy. Kovner is also the Chairman of the American Enterprise Institute, the premiere American neoconservative think tank. With an estimated current net worth of around $2.5 billion, he is ranked by Forbes as the 292nd-richest in the world. Image File history File links Bruce_Kovner. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... For other meanings, see Brooklyn (disambiguation). ... The United States has the worlds second largest GDP, $13. ... A Chairman is the presiding officer of a meeting, organization, committee, or other deliberative body. ... Caxton Associates, L.L.C., is a New York-based trading and investment firm formed as the successor to Caxton Corporation, which was founded in 1983 by Mr. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... For other meanings, see Brooklyn (disambiguation). ... The United States has the worlds second largest GDP, $13. ... A Chairman is the presiding officer of a meeting, organization, committee, or other deliberative body. ... Caxton Associates, L.L.C., is a New York-based trading and investment firm formed as the successor to Caxton Corporation, which was founded in 1983 by Mr. ... A hedge fund is an investment fund charging a performance fee and typically open to only a limited range of investors. ... The term global macro is used to classify the strategy of certain hedge funds -- those that take large leveraged positions in financial derivatives, on the basis of forecasts about interest rate trends, movements in the general flow of funds, political changes, government policies, inter-government relations, and other broad systemic... The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research (AEI) is a conservative think tank, founded in 1943, whose stated mission is to defend the principles and improve the institutions of American freedom and democratic capitalism — limited government, private enterprise, individual liberty and responsibility, vigilant and effective defense and foreign policies... Neoconservatism describes several distinct political ideologies which are considered new forms of conservatism. ... This article is about the institution. ... 2006 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Forbes magazine annually lists the worlds wealthiest individuals: The Worlds Billionaries. ...

Described as secretive even by family and friends, the 61-year old divorcee is perhaps one of the least known New York City billionaires outside of professional circles. New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Biography

Bruce Kovner's family came to Brooklyn, New York, in the early 1900s from Tsarist Russia, fleeing persecution for their Communist beliefs. Two of Kovner's fathers' cousins faced the House Un-American Activities Committee in the 1950s, pleading the Fifth Amendment. However, Bruce's father, Moishe Kovner, was more conservative than his kin, at one point even crossing a picket line to work. // Public flight demonstration of an airplane by Alberto Santos-Dumont in Paris, November 12, 1906. ... Росси́йская Импе́рия, (also Imperial Russia) covers the period of Russian history from the expansion of Russia under Peter the Great into the Russian Empire stretching from the Baltic to the Pacific Ocean, to... Communism is an ideology that seeks to establish a classless, stateless social organization based on common ownership of the means of production. ... HUAC hearings House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC or HCUA) (1938–1975) was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives. ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... The Bill of Rights in the National Archives. ...

Bruce Kovner grew up in the San Fernando Valley, where his father had moved the family in 1953. Early on, he was a high achiever, becoming a Merit Scholar. He was the student-body president of Van Nuys High School at 16, and an accomplished basketball player.^{[citation needed]} San Fernando Valley from southwestern edge. ... The National Merit Scholarship Corporation (NMSC) is a non-profit corporation operating in the United States. ... Van Nuys High School Van Nuys High School (VNHS) established in 1914, is a high school in the Van Nuys area of Los Angeles, California, belonging to the Los Angeles Unified School District. ... Basketball is a team sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by throwing a ball through a 10-foot high hoop (the basket) under organized rules. ...

Kovner went to Harvard College starting in 1962, a time marred by the hanging suicide of his mother back in his family's Van Nuys home. Nonetheless, he was considered a good student and was well liked by his classmates. Avoiding the Vietnam draft by student deferment (when it was still available), Kovner stayed in Harvard, studying political science closely under prominent conservative scholar Edward C. Banfield, who reportedly had great faith and admiration for the young Kovner.^{[citation needed]} Harvard Yard Harvard College is the undergraduate section and oldest school of Harvard University, founded in 1636. ... Year 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Hanging is the suspension of a person by a ligature, usually a cord wrapped around the neck, causing death. ... Rather than surrender to US soldiers, the Mayor (Bürgermeister) of Leipzig Germany, committed suicide along with his wife and daughter on April 20, 1945. ... Van Nuys is a district within the city of Los Angeles, California, United States. ... Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam People’s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000... The Selective Service System is the means by which the United States administers military conscription. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Political Science is the field concerning the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems and political behaviour. ... Edward C. Banfield (1916-1999) was a distinguished political scientist, best known as the author of The Moral Basis of a Backward Society (1958), and The Unheavenly City (1970). ...

Kovner did not finish his Ph.D., having suffered a severe case of writer's block and overreached in his choice of subject matter. Over the next few years, he engaged in a number of eclectic efforts; he worked on political campaigns, studied the harpsichord, was a writer, and a cab driver. It was during the latter occupation, not long after his marriage to now ex-wife Sarah Peter, that he discovered commodities trading. Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. ... Writers block is a phenomenon involving temporary loss of ability to continue writing, usually due to lack of inspiration or creativity. ... Harpsichord in the Flemish style A harpsichord is any of a family of European keyboard instruments, including the large instrument currently called a harpsichord, but also the smaller virginals, the muselar virginals and the spinet. ... Chicago Board of Trade Futures market Commodity markets are markets where raw or primary products are exchanged. ...

Business

Kovner's first trade was for $3,000, borrowed against his MasterCard, in soybean futures contracts. Realizing growth to $50,000, he then watched the contract drop to $22,000 before selling. He later claimed that this first, nerve-racking trade taught him the importance of risk management. MasterCard Worldwide (NYSE: MA) is a membership organization owned by the 25,000+ financial institutions that issue its card. ... Binomial name (L.) Merr. ... In finance, a futures contract is a standardized contract, traded on a futures exchange, to buy or sell a certain underlying instrument at a certain date in the future, at a specified price. ... For non-business risks, see risk or the disambiguation page risk analysis. ...

In his eventual role as a trader under the legendary Michael Marcus at Commodities Corporation (now part of Goldman Sachs), made millions and gained widespread respect as an objective and sober trader. This ultimately led to the establishment of his current company, Caxton Associates, in 1983, which today manages over $10 billion in capital and is closed to new investors.^{[citation needed]} Michael Marcus at trading office. ... Commodities Corporation is a company now part of Goldman Sachs where some of todays best traders like Ed Seykota, Michael Marcus, Paul Tudor Jones, Bruce Kovner, Louis Bacon and Jack D. Schwager began their career. ... Goldman Sachs offices at the Fraumünsterplatz in Zürich (the light-colored building on the left) The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. ... In finance, a trader is someone who buys and sells financial instruments such as stocks, bonds and derivatives. ... Year 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar). ...

Kovner is not well known outside of professional circles. He has very rarely given interviews, and is notoriously private. His 5th Avenue Mansion in New York City features a lead-lined room to protect against a chemical, biological, or dirty bomb attack. Street sign at Fifth Avenue and East 57th street Fifth Avenue is a major thoroughfare in New York City. ...

Philanthropy and politics

A patron of the arts and a particular devotee of opera, Kovner is an avid collector of rare books and classical music manuscripts and has given millions to art projects and art institutions, notably the Juilliard School (of which he is Chairman). He is a primary funder of the expansion of Lincoln Center and the publisher of many works, including what some consider the finest modern illustrated Christian bible. He is also founder and Chairman of the School Choice Scholarships Foundation, which awards scholarships to financially disadvantaged youth in New York City. The Teatro alla Scala in Milan, Italy. ... The Juilliard School is one of the worlds premiere performing arts conservatory located in New York City, it is informally identified as simply Juilliard, and trains in the fields of Dance, Drama, and Music. ... The Metropolitan Opera House at Lincoln Center. ... The Bible (From Greek βιβλια—biblia, meaning books, which in turn is derived from βυβλος—byblos meaning papyrus, from the ancient Phoenician city of Byblos which exported papyrus) is the sacred scripture of Christianity. ...

Kovner has contributed extensively to conservative causes. He is the Chairman of the board of trustees of the American Enterprise Institute, for which Caxton Associates manages most investments.^{[citation needed]} His close acquaintances include Vice President Dick Cheney, neoconservative figures Richard Perle and James Q. Wilson, as well as a wide range of government officials from all over the world - relationships which many consider contribute to Kovner's insight into commodities markets worldwide. He is a major backer of the conservative Manhattan Institute and the daily, The New York Sun. This article deals with conservatism as a political philosophy. ... The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research (AEI) is a conservative think tank, founded in 1943, whose stated mission is to defend the principles and improve the institutions of American freedom and democratic capitalism — limited government, private enterprise, individual liberty and responsibility, vigilant and effective defense and foreign policies... The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research (AEI) is a conservative think tank, founded in 1943, whose stated mission is to defend the principles and improve the institutions of American freedom and democratic capitalism — limited government, private enterprise, individual liberty and responsibility, vigilant and effective defense and foreign policies... A vice president is an officer in government or business who is next in rank below a president. ... Richard Bruce Dick Cheney (born January 30, 1941), is the 46th and current Vice President of the United States, serving under President George W. Bush. ... Neoconservatism describes several distinct political ideologies which are considered new forms of conservatism. ... Richard Norman Perle (born 16 September 1941 in New York City) is an American political advisor and lobbyist who worked for the Reagan administration as an assistant Secretary of Defense and worked on the Defense Policy Board Advisory Committee from 1987 to 2004. ... James Q. Wilson (born May 27, 1931) is the Ronald Reagan professor of public policy at Pepperdine University in California, and a professor emeritus at UCLA. He has a Ph. ... The Manhattan Institute for Policy Research is an influential New York City-based free market think tank established in 1978. ... The New York Sun is a contemporary daily newspaper published in New York City. ...

Year To Date Investment Fund Performance History

^{[citations needed]}

Reference

• Forbes 2006 ranking

External links

• In-Depth Article about Bruce Kovner

Further reading

Schwager, Jack D. (1993). Market Wizards: Interviews with Top Traders. 36 pages: Collins; Reissue edition. ISBN 0-88730-610-1.  Author of Market Wizards and The New Market Wizards ...