Bruceploitation is a cultural phenomenon mostly seen in the 1970s after the untimely death of martial artist and martial arts actor Bruce Lee in 1973. Movie makers in mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan hired a great number of Bruce Lee look-alike actors to star in many cheap knock-off martial arts movies to cash in on his success after his death. Hawaiian State Grappling Championships. ... Hawaiian State Grappling Championships. ... Bruce Lee (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: Lǐ Xiǎolóng; Cantonese Yale: Léih Síulùhng; November 27, 1940 – July 20, 1973) was an American-born martial artist, philosopher, instructor, and martial arts actor widely regarded as the most influential martial artist of the 20th century and a... ... Martial arts film is a film genre that originated in the Pacific Rim. ...

"Bruceploitation" is a portmanteau of the name "Bruce" and exploitation film. A portmanteau (IPA: ) is a word or morpheme that fuses two or more words or word parts to give a combined or loaded meaning. ... Grindhouse redirects here. ...

The beginning

The Hong Kong action cinema scene was shocked when Bruce Lee died in a Hong Kong hotel on June 20th, 1973. At the time of Lee's death, he was Hong Kong's most famous martial arts actor. When Enter the Dragon became a box office success worldwide, many Hong Kong studios feared that a movie without their most famous star in it would not be financially successful, so some studios decided to play on Lee's sudden international fame by making movies that vaguely sounded like Bruce Lee starring vehicles, with actors who looked like Lee changing their stage names to sound similar to "Bruce Lee", such as Bruce Li and Bruce Le. Hong Kong action cinema is the principal source of the Hong Kong film industrys global fame. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Bruce Li, from his real name Ho Chung Tao, is a Taiwanese martial artist and Bruce Lee imitator, who starred in martial arts movies from the Bruceploitation movement. ... Bruce Le (real name Huang Kin Lung, A/K/A Wong Kin Lung), is a martial artist and actor who is known for the martial arts films he made in the 1970s and 80s. ...

Marketing

In a tactic similar to deceptive marketing, some of these films were advertised as genuine Bruce Lee movies when in fact they were not. This tactic was very successful in the mid-1970s when many of Bruce Lee's earlier films such as Fist of Fury and The Big Boss were being released in "Chinese" Theaters in America after Bruce's death, often with alternate and confusing names. False advertising is the use of deliberately false statements or deception in advertising, in order to gain a commercial advantage. ... Jing Wu Men redirects here. ... The Big Boss (1971, 唐山大兄, also known as Fists of Fury in the U.S., not to be confused with Fist of Fury) was Bruce Lees first major film. ...

Actors

Bruce Lee's name in Mandarin Chinese is Lǐ Xiǎolóng (李小龍). After his death, many actors assumed Lee-like stage names. Bruce Li (黎(Lí)小龍 from his real name Ho Chung Tao (何宗道)), Bronson Lee, Bruce Chen, Bruce Lai, Bruce Le (呂(Lǔ)小龍 from his real name Wong Kin Lung), (黃建龍)), Bruce Lei, Bruce Lie, Bruce Liang, Bruce Ly real name Binhslee, Bruce Thai, Bruce K.A. Lea, Brute Lee, Bruce Leung, Myron Bruce Lee, Lee Bruce, and Dragon Lee were hired by studios to play Lee-styled roles. This article is on all of the Northern and Southwestern Chinese dialects. ... A stage name is a name used by a performer in place of their real name. ... Bruce Li, from his real name Ho Chung Tao, is a Taiwanese martial artist and Bruce Lee imitator, who starred in martial arts movies from the Bruceploitation movement. ... Bruce Le (real name Huang Kin Lung, A/K/A Wong Kin Lung), is a martial artist and actor who is known for the martial arts films he made in the 1970s and 80s. ... Leung Siu-Lung (cantonese) or Liang Hsiao-Lung (mandarin), born in 1948 in Hong Kong, is an actor who has appeared in many Hong Kong martial arts movies. ... Leung Siu-Lung (cantonese) or Liang Hsiao-Lung (mandarin), born in 1948 in Hong Kong, is an actor who has appeared in many Hong Kong martial arts movies. ... Dragon Lee (b 1940 North Korea), is an actor and practioner of hapkido. ...

Jackie Chan, who started his movie career as an extra and stunt artist in some of Bruce Lee's movies, was also given roles where he was promoted as the next Bruce Lee, such as New Fist of Fury (1976). It was only when he made some comedically themed movies for another studio that he was able to gain box-office success. Chan Kong-Sang (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), also known as Jackie Chan Sing Lung (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) or Jackie Chan SBS, (born on April 7, 1954) is a Chinese martial artist, action star, actor, director, screenwriter, film producer, singer and stunt performer. ... An under 16s motorbike display team perform a potentially dangerous stunt Freestyle & Stunt Show 2007 - Landrévarzec A stunt is an unusual and difficult physical feat, or any act requiring a special skill, performed for artistic purposes in TV, theatre or cinema. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Movies

Some of the movies were simply rehashes of Bruce Lee's classics, such as Re-enter the Dragon, Enter Two Dragons, Return of Bruce, Return of the Fists of Fury or Enter the Game of Death. Others told the life story of Bruce Lee and explored his mysteries, such as Exit the Dragon, Enter the Tiger, a fan favourite, where Bruce Li is asked by Bruce Lee to replace him after his death, My Name Called Bruce and Bruce's Fist of Vengeance. Enter the Game of Death, originally released as Si wang mo ta and released in North America as The King of Kung Fu, is a Bruceploitation martial arts film inspired by Bruce Lees unfinished film Game of Death. ... Bruce Li, from his real name Ho Chung Tao, is a Taiwanese martial artist and Bruce Lee imitator, who starred in martial arts movies from the Bruceploitation movement. ... Bruces Fist of Vengeance is a 1984 Bruceploitation martial arts movie from the Philippines starring notorious Bruce Lee imitator Bruce Le. ...

Some others simply told crazy stories such as Clones of Bruce Lee (where a scientist makes clones of Bruce Lee played by some of the actors above) or The Dragon Lives Again (where Bruce Lee fights James Bond and Dracula in hell). Others, such as Bruce Lee Fights Back From The Grave, featured Lee imitators but with a plot having nothing to do with Bruce Lee. For other uses, see clone. ... The Dragon Lives Again, originally released as Li san jiao wei zhen di yu men and also known as Deadly Hands of Kung Fu, is a martial arts fantasy comedy in which the soul of Bruce Lee (played by Bruce Leung Siu-lung goes to the Underworld. ... 007 redirects here. ... This article is about the novel. ... Bruce Lee Fights Back From The Grave is a 1976 Bruceploitation movie starring Bruce Lee imitator and tae kwon do instructor Jun Chong (using the name Bruce K.L. Lea). ...

One of Lee's fight choreographers, actor/director Sammo Hung, famously satirized the phenomenon of Bruceploitation in his 1978 film, Enter the Fat Dragon. Stage Combat is a specialized method of physical theatre designed to create the illusion of physical combat for theatrical productions (or any form of dramatic production, including film and television). ... Sammo Hung (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Cantonese: Hung4 Gam1 Bou2) (born January 7, 1952) is a Chinese actor, producer and director known for his work in many Kung fu films and Hong Kong action cinema. ... 1867 edition of Punch, a ground-breaking British magazine of popular humour, including a good deal of satire of the contemporary social and political scene. ... Enter the Fat Dragon, also known as Fei Lung Gwoh Gong in its Cantonese release, is a 1978 parody film directed by and starring Sammo Hung. ...

End of a trend

Brucesploitation ended in Chinese cinema after Jackie Chan broke out of the mould to make a name for himself after the success of the kung-fu comedies Snake in the Eagle's Shadow and Drunken Master, establishing him as the new king of Hong Kong martial arts cinema. Another factor was the beginning of the Shaw Brothers film era in the late 70s, starting with movies such as Five Deadly Venoms. Since the end of the trend, Bruce Lee's influence on Hong Kong action cinema remained strong, but the actors began establishing their own personalities, and the films generally began to take a more comedic approach. Chan Kong-Sang (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), also known as Jackie Chan Sing Lung (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) or Jackie Chan SBS, (born on April 7, 1954) is a Chinese martial artist, action star, actor, director, screenwriter, film producer, singer and stunt performer. ... Snake in the Eagles Shadow is a martial arts film made in Hong Kong in 1978. ... DVD cover Drunken Master (醉拳, zuì quán--literally drunken fist) is a movie directed by Yuen Wo Ping, starring Jackie Chan, Yuen Siu Tien (aka Simon Yuen), and Hwang Jang-Lee, first released in 1978. ... The Shaw Studio (邵氏片場), owned by Shaw Brothers (HK) Ltd. ... The Five Venoms Five Deadly Venoms (Cantonese:五毒 Wu Du) is a popular 1978 Hong Kong cult martial arts film directed by Chang Cheh. ... Hong Kong action cinema is the principal source of the Hong Kong film industrys global fame. ...

See also

• Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story

Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story is a highly fictionalized biographical film about Bruce Lee. ...

External links

• The Bruceploitation Trilogy by Dean Meadows
• The Cinema Snob Tackles Bruceploitation
• Beware of imitators!
• Bruceploitation