The Bruneau River runs through a narrow canyon cut into ancient lava flows in southwestern Idaho. The Bruneau Canyon—up to 4000 feet (1220 meters) deep and 40 miles (64 km) long— features rapids and hot springs, making it a popular whitewater trip. The Paiute Indians originally discovered the canyon centuries ago.
In the northeast, Salmon Falls Creek, the BruneauRiver, the East and South forks of the Owyhee River, and the Little Owyhee River drain into the Snake River and reach the Pacific Ocean through the Columbia River.
The principal rivers of Nevada are the Humboldt, Truckee, Carson, Walker, Owyhee, and Colorado.
The Truckee, Carson, and Walker rivers flow out of the Sierra Nevada, thread their way around several of the desert ranges, and also end in closed basins.
The Bruneau hot springsnail was first discovered in 1952 in the lower reaches of Hot Spring, a tributary of the BruneauRiver.
The Bruneau snail was first federally listed as endangered in January of 1993, but this ruling encountered fierce opposition from Idahoan farmers and ranchers who were, as a result, restricted from pumping the BruneauRiver waters for irrigation purposes.
As the Bruneau Valley Aquifer is depleted, the geo-thermal springs that are essential to the survival of this snail cease to flow and become filled with sediment.
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