Brunswick is an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Its Local Government Area is the City of Moreland. Melbournes CBD has grown to straddle the Yarra River in three major precincts. ... Capital Melbourne Government Const. ... Download high resolution version (1944x2592, 755 KB)southern end of Sydney Road, Brunswick. ... Postcodes are used by Australia Post to identify postal districts in Australia. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... ISO 4217 Code AUD User(s) Australia, Kiribati, Nauru, Tuvalu, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and Norfolk Island Inflation 3. ... km redirects here. ... The Hoddle Grid is the layout of the streets of the central business district of Melbourne, Australia. ... Municipalities of Greater Melbourne City of Banyule City of Bayside City of Boroondara City of Brimbank Shire of Cardinia City of Casey City of Darebin City of Frankston City of Glen Eira City of Greater Dandenong City of Hobsons Bay City of Hume City of Kingston City of Knox City... The City of Moreland is a Local Government Area located within the metropolitan area of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... State Electoral District is a term used to refer to a voting area within Australian states. ... The Electoral district of Brunswick is an electorate of the Victorian Legislative Assembly. ... The Australian House of Representatives is elected from 150 single-member districts called Divisions. ... Wills is an Australian electoral division (electorate) of Victoria. ... Melbourne is an Australian Electoral Division of Victoria. ... This is a list of suburbs in the city of Melbourne, in the State of Victoria, Australia. ... Pascoe Vale South is an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Coburg is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Coburg is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Brunswick West is an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Brunswick East is an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... An inner northern suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, bordered by North Melbourne to the south-west, Carlton and Carlton North to the south and east, Brunswick to the north, and Flemington to the west. ... Carlton North is an inner-city suburb of Melbourne, Australia. ... Fitzroy North is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Melbournes CBD has grown to straddle the Yarra River in three major precincts. ... Capital Melbourne Government Const. ... Municipalities of Greater Melbourne City of Banyule City of Bayside City of Boroondara City of Brimbank Shire of Cardinia City of Casey City of Darebin City of Frankston City of Glen Eira City of Greater Dandenong City of Hobsons Bay City of Hume City of Kingston City of Knox City... The City of Moreland is a Local Government Area located within the metropolitan area of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ...

Approximately four kilometres due north of the central business district, it is bounded to the south by Princes Hill and Parkville. It is bounded by Lygon Street and Holmes Street to the east (Brunswick East), Coburg to the north, and Grantham, Pearson and Shamrock Streets form the western border with Brunswick West. Carlton North is an inner-city suburb of Melbourne, Australia. ... An inner northern suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, bordered by North Melbourne to the south-west, Carlton and Carlton North to the south and east, Brunswick to the north, and Flemington to the west. ... Brunswick East is an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Coburg is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Brunswick West is an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ...

Brunswick is located on relatively flat terrain and the streets are laid out in an approximate grid. The main thoroughfare is the north-south Sydney Road (part of the Hume Highway). Commercial activity in Brunswick is mainly centred on Sydney Road, though there is an enclosed shopping centre called Barkly Square, located between Barkly and Weston streets. Sydney Road, Brunswick, looking south to the central business district Sydney Road is a major thouroughfare in the northern suburbs of Brunswick and Coburg in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... The Hume is National 31 from Sydney to Albury . ...

History

Establishment

Brunswick is located in the area known as Iramoo by the Aboriginal people who inhabited and hunted in it. Occupied by the Wurundjeri people who spoke the Woiwurrung dialect, white settlement began in the 1830s, with Assistant Surveyor Darke surveying the area - under the instruction of Robert Hoddle - and land speculators taking title to it. North and south boundaries were drawn up, running in an east-west direction between Moonee Ponds Creek and Merri Creek. These boundaries would become Moreland Road and Park Street, respectively. This area was divided down the middle, which would eventually become Sydney Road. Ten allotments were drawn up on each side of this line, with each block of land running all the way to either Moonee Ponds Creek or Merri Creek. These wide strips of land are still reflected in the current street layout. The Wurundjeri are Aboriginal people of the Kulin nation, who occupied what is now Melbourne, Australia prior to European settlement of the area. ... Woiwurrung (sometimes spelt Woiwurrong, Woiworung, Wuywurung) is an Indigenous Australian language spoken by some of the Kulin Nation clans of Victoria, from Mount Baw Baw in the east to Mount Macedon, Sunbury and Gisborne in the west. ... Events and Trends Electromagnetic induction discovered by Michael Faraday Dutch-speaking farmers known as Voortrekkers emigrate northwards from the Cape Colony Croquet invented in Ireland Railroad construction begins in earnest in the United States Egba refugees fleeing the Yoruba civil wars found the city of Abeokuta in south-west Nigeria... Robert Hoddle with his omnipresent surveying telescope Robert Hoddle (20 April 1794 - 24 October 1881) was a surveyor of Port Phillip in the 1830s, and the creator of the Hoddle Grid in central Melbourne. ... Moonee Ponds Creek as a stormwater drain at Brunswick West. ... The Merri Creek The Merri Creek is a waterway in Melbourne, Victoria. ...

The land was sold at auction in Sydney, and attracted speculators, many of whom would never see the land they purchased. Only one original buyer, James Simpson, settled on his land. Simpson subdivided his land and marked out two streets; Carmarthon Street (later Albert Street) and Landillo Street (later Victoria Street). Because the land was too marshy, he left the area in 1852 with much of the land unsold. This is about the city of Sydney in Australia. ...

Plaque marking site of Thomas Wilkinson's house

In 1841 two friends, Thomas Wilkinson and Edward Stone Parker, bought land from one of the original buyers. Stone soon left, but Wilkinson stayed on, subdividing his land for sale or rent. He marked two roads, which would eventually become extensions of the roads marked out by Simpson. Wilkinson named the streets Victoria Street (after Queen Victoria), and Albert Street (after her husband Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha). Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837, and the first Empress of India from 1 May 1876, until her death on 22 January 1901. ... Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (in full Francis Charles Augustus Albert Emmanuel) (26 August 1819 – 14 December 1861) was the husband and consort of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ...

Wilkinson had been an active campaigner for the rights of Caroline of Brunswick, the estranged wife of King George IV, and thus named his estate Brunswick, in her honour. When the area's first post office opened in 1846, it took on the name of Wilkinson's estate, establishing the name of the whole area. Caroline of Brunswick Duchess Caroline of Brunswick (17 May 1768 – 7 August 1821) as Queen Caroline was the Queen Consort of King George IV of the United Kingdom from 29 January 1820 to her death. ... George IV (George Augustus Frederick) (12 August 1762 – 26 June 1830) was king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Hanover from 29 January 1820 until his death. ...

In October 1842, Miss Amelia Shaw became the licensee of the first hotel in the area, the Retreat Inn. The hotel also had a weighbridge, so that bullock drivers could refresh themselves whilst their wagons were weighed. The establishment was rebuilt in 1892 and renamed the Retreat Hotel, which still stands today.

Also in 1842, work began on a new road along the central surveyors division. The road was originally known as Pentridge Road, for it led to the bluestone quarries of Pentridge (now Coburg. In 1843, William Lobb established a cattle farm on his allotment, and the area would become known as Lobb's Hill. A laneway down the side of his property, originally called Lobb's Lane, would later be named Stewart Street. Coburg is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ...

In 1849, Michael Dawson, one of the original land purchasers, completed work on an ivy-covered mansion on his property called Phoenix Park. The property was named after Phoenix Park near Dublin, Ireland. Dawson cited his address not as Brunswick, but Philiptown, after a town in Ireland which has since reverted to its original name Daingean. Philiptown eventually grew into a village along the track which lead from Phoenix Park to Sydney Road. This track was later named Union Street. The Wellington Monument in Phoenix Park Automatic lighting gas street lamps line the main avenue of Phoenix Park Phoenix Park (in Irish, Páirc an Fhionn-Uisce) is a large park located 3 km to the north west of Dublin city centre in Ireland. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 53. ... Daingean is a small town in County Offaly, Ireland. ...

Goldrush era

Mounted police outside the Sarah Sands Hotel in Brunswick awaiting a march by the unemployed in 1893.

Henry Search opened a butcher's shop in 1850, on the south-west corner of Albert Street and Sydney Road. This was the first retail establishment in Brunswick. By 1851, gold diggers began making their way through the area, on their journey from the populous suburbs of Fitzroy and Collingwood. Brunswick provided a convenient place for lunch, before the diggers reached the beginnings of the roads to the goldfields, near present day Essendon. A small village sprung up to meet the needs of the travellers, near the present day Cumberland Arms Hotel. The village included a tent market, described as being like a bazaar, where miners could buy goods needed for the goldfields. Download high resolution version (1000x619, 220 KB)Mounted police await an unemployed march outside the Sarah Sands Hotel in Brunswick, Victoria in 1893. ... Download high resolution version (1000x619, 220 KB)Mounted police await an unemployed march outside the Sarah Sands Hotel in Brunswick, Victoria in 1893. ... Year 1893 (MDCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Fitzroy is an inner city suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Collingwood is an inner city suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Essendon is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ...

In 1852 Wilkinson established The Brunswick Record, the area's first newspaper. This changed its name in 1858 to The Brunswick & Pentridge Press.

By 1857 the local populated was estimated to be 5000 people. The Brunswick municipal council was established in this year at the Cornish Arms Hotel, which still stands. The first municipal chambers were established in 1859 on Sydney Road at Lobb's Hill, between Stewart and Albion Streets. The present Brunswick Town Hall is an imposing Victorian edifice, built in 1876 near the centre of Brunswick on the corner of Dawson Street and Sydney Road. 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1859 (MDCCCLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ... Brunswick Town Hall on Sydney Road, Brunswick Brunswick Town Hall stands on the corner of Dawson Street and Sydney Road in the inner northern Melbourne, suburb of Brunswick, Victoria, Australia. ... 1876 (MDCCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ...

In the 1860s, quarries, and, notably, a large brickworks, were established in Brunswick, using the local clay and bluestone. This quickly became the largest industry in the area. In 1884 the first Brunswick railway line opened, running from North Melbourne to Brunswick and Coburg. The line ran directly into the Hoffmans Brickworks, reflecting the importance of the brickworks industry to the local community. Prior to World War I, Brunswick was the "brickyard capital of Victoria". Remnants of the brickyards are still visible in some parts of Brunswick, but most of the yards have long been converted to residential housing or parks.^[2] A few years later - in 1887 - a cable tram line was laid along Sydney Road. // The First Transcontinental Railroad in the USA is built in the six year period between 1863 and 1869. ... This article is becoming very long. ...

Post-Goldrush era

A worker's cottage, built in the early 20th Century. Many have now been expensively renovated

Bluestone house on Barkley Street, one of the first houses in the quarrying area in eastern Brunswick

In 1908 Brunswick officially became a city. Textiles became a large industry in the area in the early parts of the 20th Century. Quarrying declined with the depletion of reserves. Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 817 KB)Workers cottege, Brunswick, Victoria. ... Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 817 KB)Workers cottege, Brunswick, Victoria. ... // First flight by the Wright brothers, December 17, 1903. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (800 × 600 pixel, file size: 274 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Bluestone cottage located at 130 Barkly Street, Brunswick, Victoria, Australia. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (800 × 600 pixel, file size: 274 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Bluestone cottage located at 130 Barkly Street, Brunswick, Victoria, Australia. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... // First flight by the Wright brothers, December 17, 1903. ...

By 1910 the population of Brunswick had grown to 30,000 people. During the Great Depression in 1933 Brunswick was the site of free speech meetings by the Unemployed Workers Movement, which were harassed and suppressed by the police. Young Australian artist Noel Counihan played a significant part in this campaign. A Free Speech memorial was built in 1994 outside the Mechanics Institute on the corner of Sydney and Glenlyon Roads to commemorate the free speech fights. Counihan's work as an artist and local resident is also commemorated by the Counihan Gallery run by the City of Moreland Council. The Great Depression was a time of economic down turn, which started after the stock market crash on October 29, 1929, known as Black Tuesday. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... Noel Counihan (October 4, 1913 - July 5, 1986) was an Australian social realist painter. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ... The City of Moreland is a Local Government Area located within the metropolitan area of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ...

In the post-World War II era, Brunswick became the home of a large number of migrants from southern Europe. More recently, migrants from Turkey and other Islamic countries have arrived. The brickworks and much of the textile industry has also begun to close, as gentrification began in the 1990s, and considerable amounts of renovation and new residential development is occurring. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Islam (Arabic: ; ( ▶ (help· info)), the submission to God) is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions and the worlds second-largest religion. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... The 1990s decade refers to the years from the start of 1990 to the end of 1999. ...

In 2004, Brunswick and nearby Carlton were the location of several murders in what has been widely reported in Melbourne's media as an "underworld war"; in any case, the violence occurred between a numerically tiny group of organised criminals and left the overwhelming majority of residents unaffected. The area's overall crime rate is not regarded as particularly high. 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Carlton is the name of many places: Carlton, Bedfordshire is a small village in the county of Bedfordshire in the United Kingdom. ...

Commerce

Commercial retail activity is mainly centred on Sydney Road (part of the Hume Highway) and the northern end of Lygon Street in neighbouring Brunswick East. While separated from the tourist strip in Carlton, northern Lygon Street has a substantial number of restaurants. There is a small shopping centre, Barkly Square, in Barkly Street, between the two. The Hume is National 31 from Sydney to Albury . ... Lygon Street, of the suburb of Carlton, Melbourne, Australia, is the Italian food precinct of the city. ... Brunswick East is an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Carlton is the name of many places: Carlton, Bedfordshire is a small village in the county of Bedfordshire in the United Kingdom. ...

People

Brunswick is a suburb in demographic flux, with a number of different cultural and social groups making their presence felt. Originally a stronghold of Irish Australians, and solidly working class, a considerable number of immigrants from southern Europe, particularly from Italy and Greece, made the area home from the 1950s, and some still remain, though they are now quite elderly. In recent times the outward movement of of such groups has slowed, with some of the younger generations increasingly choosing to remain or return to the area, becoming part of its gentrification. The suburb has also become home to many Lebanese and Turkish people since the 1970s. More recent waves of immigration have seen strong growth in communities from the Horn of Africa and the Indian subcontinent. Brunswick has always had a high proportion of both Protestants and Catholics, and was early in its history home to many Jews. The more recent addition of Orthodox and Maronite Christians as well as Muslims has produced a suburb with a higher than average proportion of people of religoius faith. The suburb has a many churches of different denominations, a couple of mosques and a Buddhist centre. There is also a significant gay and lesbian community. Finally, there are substantial numbers of students, artists and, increasingly, young professionals, many familiar with the area through its relative proximity to the University of Melbourne and RMIT University, the latter having a campus in Brunswick. These diverse groups live together with little discord and the area is well-known for its multicultural character and increasingly cosmopolitan atmosphere. // Recovering from World War I and its aftermath, the economic miracle emerged in West Germany and Italy. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... The Horn of Africa. ... Satellite image of the Indian subcontinent Map of South Asia (see note) This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... Separate articles treat Eastern Orthodox Christianity and Orthodox Judaism. ... Maronites (Marunoye ܡܪܘܢܝܐܶ; in Syriac, Mâruniyya مارونية in Arabic) are members of an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Pope of Rome. ... A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... The Old Quad Building, formerly Old Law The University of Melbourne, located in Melbourne, Victoria, is the second oldest university in Australia, and the oldest in Victoria. ... RMIT, or the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology is a university in Melbourne, Australia. ...

Politics

Brunswick is a stronghold of left-wing politics. This building's architecture is typical of the suburb

Brunswick has long been a stronghold of left-wing politics in Melbourne, with the federal and state parliamentary seats held by the Australian Labor Party with very comfortable margins over free enterprise parties. Greens candidates are gaining an increasing proportion of the vote, and in 2002 elected a Greens Councillor to Moreland Council, with a second Greens Councillor being elected in 2004. As well as the "mainstream" left, however, Brunswick and nearby suburbs have for many years been a holdout of other left-wing parties, radical socialists and anarchists. The anarchist infoshop Barricade Books has operated in Brunswick since February 1995. The Freedom Socialist Party and Radical Women have had a base in Brunswick since the 1980s, and opened a shopfront [pictured] on Sydney Road on International Women's Day in 2002. Download high resolution version (1944x2592, 589 KB)Brunswick is a stronghold of left-wing politics. ... Download high resolution version (1944x2592, 589 KB)Brunswick is a stronghold of left-wing politics. ... Melbournes CBD has grown to straddle the Yarra River in three major precincts. ... The Australian Labor Party (ALP) is Australias oldest political party. ... Victorian Greens is a Green Party located in Victoria, a member of the federation of the Australian Greens party. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... Anarchism is a generic term describing various political philosophies and social movements that advocate the elimination of hierarchy and imposed authority. ... An infoshop is a storefront or community space that serves as a node for the distribution of anarchist information, typically in the form of books, zines, stickers and posters. ... Barricade Books is an anarchist infoshop located in Melbourne, Australia which opened February 4, 1995 on Sydney Road, the main thoroughfare of Brunswick. ... Logo of Freedom Socialist newspaper: Voice of Revolutionary Feminism The Freedom Socialist Party is a socialist political party with a unique program of revolutionary feminism that emerged from a split in the United States Socialist Workers Party in 1966. ... Radical Women is an international Trotskyist feminist group. ... Image:IWD 2007 Logo. ...

The Brunswick Progress Association has had an active role in representing residents particularly on local issues to Council, but also at the State and Federal levels. It was formed in 1905. Categories: Stub ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ...

Nightlife and Culture

In the 1980s, Brunswick's major nightspot was the Bombay Rock, a notoriously dangerous venue that saw considerable violence between ethnic groups, and was featured in the 1991 movie Death In Brunswick. It was destroyed by a fire in the mid-1990s. Also worthy of note was the Sarah Sands Hotel, which hosted tours from a number of local and international acts, mostly punk, skinhead, goth or alternative in nature. It ceased operating as a venue for original bands in 1993 when the owner leased management of the venue to the Bridie O'Reilly's group. The 1980s refers to the years of and between 1980 and 1989. ... Death in Brunswick is a 1991 Australian film. ... The 1990s decade refers to the years from the start of 1990 to the end of 1999. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ...

The gradual gentrification has increased the numbers of bars, coffee shops, and restaurants in the area; most are fairly unpretentious and aimed at the locals but the food is often good and the prices quite reasonable. Several of the bars now offer live original music as well; the Cornish Arms hotel (est. prior to 1857), in particular is regarded as one of Melbourne's major blues and roots venues, as well as The Retreat, which caters more to the alternative, student scene. Both of the aforementioned venues are a good example of the gentrification of Brunswick; in their previous incarnations, as recently as 2001 for the Cornish Arms and 2004 for the Retreat, both were 'old style' pubs with eccentric landlords and a small but devoted (and aging) clientele. This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ...

The Sydney Road Street Party, held annually in late February, is a major event in the suburb, and is a prelude to the Brunswick Music Festival, held in March, featuring blues, roots, and world music.

Media

Two free, weekly suburban newspapers are distributed in Brunswick. The Moreland Leader is part of the News Corporation-owned Leader Newspapers group and covers the area within the Moreland City Council area, while the Melbourne Times covers most of Melbourne's inner suburbs and devotes considerable efforts to covering local politics and urban planning issues. News Corporation (abbreviated to News Corp) (NYSE: NWS, NYSE: NWSa, ASX: NWS, LSE: NCRA) is one of the worlds largest media conglomerates. ... The Melbourne Times is an Australian newspaper. ...

Transport

The area is amongst the best-served by public transport in Melbourne, containing the Jewell, Brunswick and Anstey stations on the Upfield suburban train line. In addition, there is the number 19 tram service to Melbourne University and the city on Sydney Road, and the number 1 and 8 (formerly 22) trams along Lygon Street, and the number 55 tram also heads through Royal Park and to the city from nearby West Brunswick. Entrance to Jewell railway station. ... Entrance to Brunswick station showing bicycle trail on right. ... Entrance to Anstey railway station. ... The Upfield railway line is a suburban electric railway in the northern suburbs of Melbourne, Australia. ... Tram route 19 is a public transport service in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Tram route 1 is a public transport service in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Tram route 8 is a public transport service in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Lygon Street, of the suburb of Carlton, Melbourne, Australia, is the Italian food precinct of the city. ... Tram route 55 is a public transport service in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ...

There are also east-west buses on Brunswick Road, Glenlyon Road/Dawson Street and Victoria/Blyth streets, though these bus services are not frequent enough to adequately serve cross-suburban travel in the way that the trams serve travel into and away from the city. None of these services operate after 10pm weeknights (most in fact cease at 7pm), nor do any of them operate at all on Saturday or Sunday nights.

Brunswick itself is relatively flat and is ideal for cycling. Brunswick East is bounded by the Merri Creek Trail; and Brunswick West by the Moonee Ponds Creek Trail, though neither of these can be described as flat. The Upfield Bike Path follows the Upfield railway line from Fawkner, through Coburg and Brunswick joining the Capital City Trail at Park Street. Many local streets also have painted cycle lanes adjacent to parked cars. Though these are preferable to no lanes at all, there is still the significant hazard to cyclists from car door being opened without due care by the car's occupants. Brunswick East is an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... // The Merri Creek Trail is a shared use path for cyclists and pedestrians, which follows the Merri Creek through the northern suburbs of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Brunswick West is an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... The Moonee Ponds Creek Trail is a shared use path for cyclists and pedestrians, which follows the Moonee Ponds Creek through the northern suburbs of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... // The Upfield Rail Trail is a shared use path for cyclists and pedestrians, which follows Upfield railway line through the inner northern suburbs of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Fawkner is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... Coburg is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... The Capital City Trail is a shared use path for cyclists and pedestrians which circles the Melbourne central business district and some inner northern suburbs of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ...

Multiculturalism

Brunswick's historically high levels of tolerance have been linked to its cultural, religious and political diversity. This has led many observers to cite the suburb as an example of multiculturalism's success. As an area whose ehnic diversity has been higher than the Australian average, its history has been marked by minor inter-ethnic issues and conflicts within a broader story of acceptance of difference and celebration of diversity. It has been suggested that toleration be merged into this article or section. ... Multiculturalism is the idea or belief that modern societies should embrace and include distinct cultural groups with equal cultural and political status. ...

Brunswick is one of the places in Australia where anti-racist sentiment has been sufficiently strong to find organised expression in public space, usually in the suburb's main thoroughfare, Sydney Rd. An example is the demonstrations against the white supremacist group National Action in 1993 that prevented them securing a foothold in the area. Following the Cronulla riots in December 2005, a series of anti-racist rallies was held in the area, with a march along Sydney Road on 1 April 2006. Police observing crowds prior to confrontations The 2005 Cronulla riots were a series of ethnically motivated mob confrontations which originated in and around Cronulla, a beachfront suburb of Sydney, Australias largest city. ... Anti-racism, like other general social attitudes, ideas and movements, has many variations and faces. ... Sydney Road, Brunswick, looking south to the central business district Sydney Road is a major thoroughfare in the northern suburbs of Brunswick and Coburg in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ...

Of course, multiculturalism doesn't necessarily entail a state of 'pollyanna' harmony. The cultural diversity of the suburb means that it can sometimes become a site for expressions of prejudice and intolerance. Such expressions tend to follow global events. For example, after the initial invasion of Iraq by the US in 1990 and after the attacks on the World Trade Centre on September 11, 2001, anti-Muslim graffiti appeared and women wearing Islamic dress were abused in the streets, and on one notorious occasion, denied entry to a tram in Sydney Rd. Moreland City Council, following its predecessor, Brunswick City Council, maintains a long commitment to multicultural principles. Racist and other vilifying graffiti is generally monitored and removed as soon as possible. Harmony is the use and study of pitch simultaneity, and therefore chords, actual or implied, in music. ... For with(out) prejudice in law, see Prejudice (law). ... Intolerance is the lack of ability or willingness to tolerate something. ... The World Trade Center on fire The September 11, 2001 attacks were a series of coordinated terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001. ... The City of Moreland is a Local Government Area in Victoria, Australia. ...

An example of the kind of potential for inter-cultural conflict was the proposed Great Australian Bikini March. Brunswick was to have been one of the sites for a rally by what appear to have been sympathisers of those who organised the 2005 Cronulla riots. Using the pretext of well-publicised sexist remarks by Sheikh Taj El-Din Hilaly, The Great Australian Bikini March was to have celebrated the anniversary of the Cronulla riot with a march of bikini-clad women on a Brunswick mosque. The organisers managed to publicise their cause via air-time on national radio as well as other media, and received much web-based support from right-wing and extremist websites around the world. The local newspaper, The Moreland Leader carried a front-page headline with a picture of the organiser draped in the Australian flag, an image no doubt intended as a homage to Pauline Hanson. Shortly before the event, the organisers 'postponed' it, citing adverse media. On the day itself, the mosque provided a free community barbeque that was well-attended by many members of the local community, muslim and non-muslim alike. It has been suggested that Ali Osman (criminal) be merged into this article or section. ... Sheikh Taj El-Din Hamid Hilaly Sheikh Taj El-Din Hamid Hilaly (sometimes spelled Tajeddin Hilaly or Hilali or Al-Hilaly or Taj el-Din al-Hilali or Tajideen El-Hilaly or Tajeddine) (Arabic: تاج الدين الهلالي) (born Egypt c. ... Pauline Lee Hanson (born 27 May 1954) is an Australian politician who was the leader of One Nation Party, a party with an anti-immigration, nativist platform. ...

Notes

1. ^ Brunswick, 3056. Suburb Profiles. domain.com.au. Retrieved on 2006-11-27.
2. ^ O'Donnell, William F. (1999). "The Brunswick Baths", in Francesca Folk-Scolaro: Transport in Brunswick 1839-1995. Brunswick, Australia: Brunswick Community History Group. ISBN 0-9587742-5-0. 

For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... November 27 is the 331st day (332nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

References

• (1987) in Les Barnes: It Happened in Brunswick: 1837 - 1987. Brunswick Community History Group. ISBN 0-9587742-0-X. 

• (1994) in Helen Penrose: Brunswick: One History, Many Voices. Victoria Press. ISBN 0-724184538. 

Further reading

• McDonald, M. (1992). Put Your Whole Self In. Ringwood: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-016818-4.  - An account of a women's hydrotherapy group at the Brunswick Baths.

External links

Coordinates: 37°46′01″S 144°57′40″E / -37.767, 144.961 Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

• Maps and aerial photos
  • Street map from Street Directory, MSN Maps and Multimap.
  • Satellite image from Google Maps, WikiMapia and Terraserver.
• Australian Places - Brunswick
• John Curtin and the Brunswick Football Club
• Brunswick Music Festival
• The Moreland Leader