Brussels sprout
Brussels sprouts, cultivar unknown
Species
Brassica oleracea
Cultivar group
Gemmifera Group
Origin
Brussels, year unknown
Cultivar group members
unknown

The Brussels (or brussels or brussel) sprout (Brassica oleracea Gemmifera Group) of the Brassicaceae family, is a cultivar group of Wild Cabbage cultivated for its small (typically 2.5 - 4cm, 1 - 1.5 inches diameter) leafy green buds, which resemble miniature cabbages. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1880x2816, 4751 KB) Brassica oleracea File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Brussels sprout Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner... For other uses, see Species (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Brassica oleracea L. See also cabbage Brassica oleracea or Wild Cabbage, is a species of Brassica native to coastal southern and western Europe, where its resistance to salt and lime but intolerance of competition from other plants typically restricts its natural occurrence to limestone sea cliffs. ... This Osteospermum Pink Whirls is a successful cultivar. ... This article is about the settlement itself. ... Binomial name Brassica oleracea L. See also cabbage Brassica oleracea or Wild Cabbage, is a species of Brassica native to coastal southern and western Europe, where its resistance to salt and lime but intolerance of competition from other plants typically restricts its natural occurrence to limestone sea cliffs. ... Genera See text. ... This Osteospermum Pink Whirls is a successful cultivar. ... Binomial name Brassica oleracea L. See also cabbage Brassica oleracea or Wild Cabbage, is a species of Brassica native to coastal southern and western Europe, where its resistance to salt and lime but intolerance of competition from other plants typically restricts its natural occurrence to limestone sea cliffs. ...

Cultivation

Forerunners to modern Brussels sprouts were likely cultivated in Ancient Rome. Brussels sprouts as we now know them were grown possibly as early as the 1200s in what is now Belgium.^[1] The first written reference dates to 1587.^[1] During the sixteenth century they enjoyed a popularity in the southern Netherlands that eventually spread throughout the cooler parts of Northern Europe.^[2] Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ... Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century Decades: 1150s 1160s 1170s 1180s 1190s - 1200s - 1210s 1220s 1230s 1240s 1250s Years: 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 Events and Trends 1200 University of Paris receives charter from Philip II of France 1202-1204 Fourth Crusade - diverted to... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ...

Brussels sprouts grow in temperature ranges of 7 to 24°C (45 to 75°F), with highest yields at 15 to 18°C (60 to 65°F).^[2] Plants grow from seeds in seed beds or greenhouses, and are transplanted to growing fields.^[2]. Fields are ready for harvest 90-180 days after planting.^[1] The edible sprouts grow like buds in a spiral array on the side of long thick stalks of approximately 2-4 feet in height, maturing over several weeks from the lower to the upper part of the stalk. Sprouts may be picked by hand into baskets, in which case several harvests are made of 5-15 sprouts at a time, by cutting the entire stalk at once for processing, or by mechanical harvester, depending on variety.^[1] Each stalk can produce 1.1 to 1.4 kg (2 1/2 to 3 pounds), although the commercial yield is approximately 0.9kg (2 pounds) per stalk.^[2]. A seedbed is a specially prepared area of the garden that has been made suitable for the sowing and germination of plant seeds. ... The Royal Greenhouses of Laeken. ...

Brussels sprouts are among the same family that includes cabbage, collard greens, broccoli, kale, and kohlrabi. They contain good amounts of vitamin A, vitamin C, folic acid and dietary fibre. Moreover, they are believed to protect against colon cancer, due to their containing sinigrin. Brussels sprouts are cruciferous. Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults. ... Collards, also called collard greens or borekale (Brassica oleracea Acephala Group), are various loose-leafed cultivars of the cabbage plant. ... Broccoli is a plant of the Cabbage family, Brassicaceae (formerly Cruciferae). ... Kale or Borecole is a form of cabbage (Brassica oleracea Acephala Group), green in color, in which the central leaves do not form a head. ... Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea Gongylodes Group) is a low, stout cultivar of the cabbage which has been selected for its swollen, nearly spherical, Sputnik-like shape. ... The structure of retinol, the most common dietary form of vitamin A Vitamin A is an essential human nutrient. ... This article is about the nutrient. ... Folic acid and folate (the anion form) are forms of the water-soluble Vitamin B9. ... Dietary fibers are long-chain carbohydrates (polysaccharides) that are indigestible by the human digestive tract. ... Diagram of the stomach, colon, and rectum Colorectal cancer includes cancerous growths in the colon, rectum and appendix. ... Sinigrin is a glucoside found in the seeds of black mustard (Brassica nigra). ... Possible uses of the adjective Cruciferous: Cruciferous plants of the family Brassicaceae. ...

USA cultivation

Production of Brussels sprouts in the United States began around 1800, when French settlers brought them to Louisiana.^[2] The first plantings in California's Central Coast began in the 1920s, with significant production beginning in the 1940s. Currently there are several thousand acres planted in coastal areas of San Mateo, Santa Cruz, and Monterey Counties of California, which offer an ideal combination of coastal fog and cool temperatures year-round. The harvest season lasts from June through January.^[3][1] They are also grown in Baja California, where the harvest season is from December through June.^[3] This article is about the U.S. State. ... The Central Coast is an area of California, United States, extending from Santa Cruz in the north to Santa Barbara in the south, but centering primarily on Monterey and San Luis Obispo counties. ... A coastal image featured on a United States postal stamp. ... San Mateo County is a county located in the San Francisco Bay Area of the U.S. state of California. ... Santa Cruz County is a county located on the Pacific coast of the U.S. state of California, just south of the San Francisco Bay Area, it forms the northern coast of the Monterey Bay. ... Monterey County is a county located on the Pacific coast of California, its northwestern section forming the southern half of Monterey Bay. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Location within Mexico Municipalities of Baja California Country Capital Municipalities 5 Largest City Tijuana Government  - Governor José Guadalupe Osuna Millán (PAN)  - Federal Deputies PAN: 8  - Federal Senators Alejandro González (PAN) Rafael Díaz (PAN) Fernando Castro (PRI) Area Ranked 12th  - Total 69,921 km² (26,996. ...

A lot of the United States production is in California, with a smaller percentage of the crop grown in Skagit Valley Washington, where cool springs, mild summers and rich soil abounds and to a lesser degree on Long Island, New York.^[4] Total United States production is approximately 32,000 tons, with a value of $27 million.^[2] Ontario, Canada produces approximately 1,000 tons per year.^[5] In Continental Europe the largest producers are the Netherlands, at 82,000 metric tons, and Germany, at 10,000 tons. England has production comparable to that of the Netherlands, but is not generally exported internationally. ^[6] This article is about Long Island in New York State. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Other Canadian provinces and territories Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Lieutenant Governor James K. Bartleman Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Area 1,076,395 km² (4th)  - Land 917,741 km²  - Water 158,654 km² (14. ...

80% to 85% of US production is for the frozen food market, with the remainder for fresh consumption.^[4] Once harvested, sprouts last 3-5 weeks under ideal near-freezing conditions before wilting and discoloring, and about half as long at refrigerator temperature.^[2]. Europeans prefer smaller varieties with bulbs approximately 1.3cm (1/2 inch) in diameter, while American varieties are 2.5 - 5cm (1-2 inches).^[2] Frozen food is food preserved by the process of freezing. ...

Cooking and preparation

The usual method of preparing a Brussels sprout for cooking is first to cut off the base together with any remaining stem, and then to peel away and discard the surface leaves that are loosened by this cut. When boiling or steaming, some cooks will cut a cross in the stem to aid the penetration of heat to the center of the sprout. In December 2007, Ireland's Food Minister Trevor Sargent described his preferred method of cooking of Brussels sprouts: placing the sprouts in a single layer in a saucepan, covering them in just enough water to cover the stalks and boiling with salt and butter until the water is absorbed.^[7] Microwaving, stir frying, roasting and steaming are also options. December 2007 is the twelfth month of that year and has yet to occur. ... Trevor Sargent (born July 1960) is a senior Irish politician. ...

Overcooking releases sulfur compounds in the vegetables that give it a distinctive smell commonly found unpleasant. If correctly cooked, the unpleasant smell is avoided and the vegetable possesses a delicate nutty flavor. This article is about the chemical element. ...

In the UK, Brussels sprouts are a traditional winter vegetable, and are often eaten boiled with a roast dinner, particularly at Christmas. They can also be stir-fried, roasted, or made into soup. For other uses, see Vegetable (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Christmas (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Soup (disambiguation). ...

Gallery

A field of Brussels sprouts after harvest Download high resolution version (1760x1168, 707 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...

Brussels sprouts on the stalk ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1594x1033, 1099 KB) Summary Brussels Sprouts pictured on the vine, from a farmers market at Ameliasburgh, Ontario. ...

Brussels sprouts on stalks Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 689 KB) Brussels sprouts on stalks, taken at a farmers market in Massachusetts. ...

Grammatical usage

The term Brussels sprout is a countable noun whose plural form is Brussels sprouts. A commonly used alternative form is brussel sprout, whose plural is brussel sprouts. However, linking the name with the Belgian capital of Brussels would argue against dropping the last "s" in the first word (although the Dutch name for the city is "Brussel"). A count noun is a noun which is itself counted, or the units which are used to count it. ... This article is about the settlement itself. ...

Style consideration
Some house styles (e.g., the Chicago Manual of Style) prefer to lowercase words derived from geographical names when used with a non-literal meaning: brussels sprouts.

References

Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 264th day of the year (265th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 264th day of the year (265th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 264th day of the year (265th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 264th day of the year (265th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 264th day of the year (265th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 264th day of the year (265th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 342nd day of the year (343rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• PROTAbase on Brassica oleracea (Brussels sprouts)
• Brassica oleracea gemmifera - Plants For a Future database entry
• Brussels Sprouts Info - history, nutrition, cultivation, varieties
• Brussels Sprouts - recommendations for maintaining postharvest quality (UC Davis)
• Brussels Sprouts Recipes - a long list illustrating the culinary possibilities

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Brassica oleracea