The Brutakhi were a The word Jew ( Hebrew (עברית [‘Ivrit]) Spoken in: Israel Region: Israel and other countries Total speakers: Over 6 million (as all Israeli Jewish citizens as well as its Arabs speak it) Ranking: not in top 100 Genetic classification: Afro-Asiatic  Semitic   Central... Jewish polity of uncertain location and origin during the early (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. In the history of European culture, this period is considered part of the High Middle Ages. Contents // 1 Events 2 Significant... 13th century. This article or section should be merged with [[{{{1}}}]]. Giovanni da Pian del Carpini, or John of Plano Carpini or Joannes de Plano (??-1252) was one of the first Europeans to enter the court of the Great Khan of Mongol Empire and the author of the earliest important Western work... Giovanni di Plano Carpini, a (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. In the history of European culture, this period is considered part of the High Middle Ages. Contents // 1 Events 2 Significant... 13-century A Papal legate is a representative of the Pope to the nations. He is empowered on the matters of unity of the catholic faith and for the settlement of ecclesiastical matters. The legate is appointed directly by the Pope, hence a legate is usually sent to a government, a sovereign... papal legate to the court of the Honorary A guard is either a person or an organisation. It may be a person who looks after the safety of people or property, and/or make sure prisoners do not escape. It may also be a part of the military. It can also be an object, a fireguard for... Mongol Khan Güyük (c. 1206– Years: 1245 1246 1247 - 1248 - 1249 1250 1251 Decades: 1210s 1220s 1230s - 1240s - 1250s 1260s 1270s Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century Contents // 1 Events 2 Births 3 Deaths 4 Monarchs/Presidents Events Louis IX of France departs on the Seventh... Guyuk, gave a list of the nations the Mongols had conquered in his account. One of them, listed among tribes of the Caucasus, Pontic steppe and the Caspian region, was the "Brutakhi, who are Main article: Jew Jewish religion Etymology of Jew  · Who is a Jew? Jewish leadership  · Jewish culture Jewish ethnic divisions Ashkenazi (German and E. Europe) Mizrahi (Arab and Oriental) Sephardi (Iberian) Temani (Yemenite)  · Beta Israel Jewish populations Israel · United States · Russia/USSR Germany  · France  ... Jews."

Some translations read "Comani Brutakhi", which seems to indicate an alignment with the Kipchaks (also Kypchaks, Qipchaqs) are an ancient The Turkic people are any of various peoples whose members speak languages in the Turkic family of languages. These people, possibly numbering 150 million in population, are probably the diverse descendants of large groups of tribespeople who originated in Central Asia. Contents // 1... Kipchaks; however, this reading has been challenged by many historians who have asserted that there should be a comma between the The Cumans, also known as Polovtsy (Slavic for yellowish) were a nomadic West Turkic tribe living on the north of the Black Sea along the Volga. They are identified with the Western branch of the Kipchaks. They invaded Southern Ukraine, Moldova, Wallachia and part of Transylvania in the 11th century... Comani and Brutakhi. However, earlier in the same list Giovanni refers to "Comania", leading some to regard the postulated comma as redundant and therefore highly suspect.

The identity of the Brutakhi is unclear. Giovanni later refers to the Brutakhi as shaving their heads, a common Turkic custom. They may have been a remnant of the [edit (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:History_of_Russia&action=edit)] History of Russia Early East Slavs Khazars Kievan Rus Volga Bulgaria Mongol invasion Golden Horde Muscovy Imperial Russia Revolution of 1905 Revolution of 1917 Civil War Soviet Union Russian Federation The Khazars were a Turkic... Khazar people. Alternatively, they may have been Kipchak converts to Judaism (possibly connected to the Krymchaks or the Main article: Jew Jewish religion Etymology of Jew  · Who is a Jew? Jewish leadership  · Jewish culture Jewish ethnic divisions Ashkenazi (German and E. Europe) Mizrahi (Arab and Oriental) Sephardi (Iberian) Temani (Yemenite)  · Beta Israel Jewish populations Israel · United States · Russia/USSR Germany  · France  ... Karaims). Another possibility is that the Brutakhi are connected to the Mountain Jews, or Juhurim, are The word Jew ( Hebrew (עברית [‘Ivrit]) Spoken in: Israel Region: Israel and other countries Total speakers: Over 6 million (as all Israeli Jewish citizens as well as its Arabs speak it) Ranking: not in top 100 Genetic classification: Afro-Asiatic... Mountain Jews of The Republic of Dagestan (Russian: Респу́блика Дагеста́н) is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic). The direct transliteration of the republics name is Respublika Dagestan. It is the largest... Daghestan, who are believed to have ruled independent states at points in their history. Some scholars have speculated that "Brutakhi" may be a corruption of "Brutas" or " Burtas or Bortas (plural Bortaslar) were a tribe of uncertain ethnolinguistic affiliation inhabiting the steppe region north of the Caspian in medieval times. (modren Ulyanovsk Oblast (Улья́новская о́бласть) is an administrative division... Burtas", a steppe tribe of uncertain ethnic affiliation mentioned by other medieval sources.

References

• Fra Giovanni DePlano Carpini. The Story of the Mongols Whom we Call the Tartars. Trans. Erik Hildinger. Boston: Branden Publishing, 1996.
• Gutenberg E-text of Giovanni's account (in Latin) (http://library.beau.org/gutenberg/etext05/8hk0210.txt)