Bubblegum pop (bubblegum rock, bubblegum music, youth music, or simply bubblegum) is a genre of popular music. Some of the defining characteristics of bubblegum pop include catchy melodies, simple three-chord structures, simple harmonies, and repetitive riffs or "hooks." Bubblegum pop is also characterized by its lightweight lyrics (which may include nursery rhymes or nonsense lyrics), often surrounding themes of romance and courtship. This style of music is primarily enjoyed by preteens and young adolescents who may also enjoy listening to it later in life for its "camp" or nostalgic qualities. Popular music is music belonging to any of a number of musical styles that are accessible to the general public and mostly distributed commercially. ... The Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) is a generic meta-format for storing data in tagged chunks. ... A hook is a musical idea, a passage or phrase, that is believed to be catchy and helps the song stand out, it is, meant to catch the ear of the listener (Covach 2005, p. ... Look up romance in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Caricature of courtship rituals in 1805 England Youth conversing with suitorsYoung men courting a youth in a garden. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Adolescents were a punk band in the 1980s. ... Camp is an aesthetic in which something has appeal because of its bad taste or ironic value. ...

Origins

Essentially, Bubblegum pop evolved from the other popular American musical forms that preceded and accompanied it, such as rhythm and blues and doo-wop. Bubblegum pop is also reminiscent of pre-rock novelty songs such as "Abba Dabba Honeymoon" and "The Hut Sut Song," which hit the charts in the late 1940s, and hipster foolishness like Slim Gaillard's "Cement Mixer (Puti Puti)". Rhythm and blues (aka R&B or RnB) is a popular music genre combining jazz, gospel, and blues influences — first performed by African American artists. ... Doo-wop is a style of vocal-based rhythm and blues music popular in the mid-1950s to the early 1960s in America. ... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... A hipster is a person who is strongly associated with a subculture that considers itself hip. ... Bulee Slim Gaillard (January 4, 1911 or 1916 - February 26, 1991) was an Cuban jazz singer, songwriter, pianist, and guitarist, noted for his scat singing and wordplay. ...

Seminal rock and roll numbers, such as Little Richard's "Tutti Frutti" with its nonsense rhyming couplets (replacing the original vulgar lyrics), also influenced what would come later. This hybrid of R&B, garage rock, novelty songs, and nursery rhymes later surfaced in songs like "Wooly Bully" (by Sam the Sham & the Pharaohs, 1965), which emphasized a hard-driving Tex-Mex beat and absurd lyrics. Little Richard (born Richard Wayne Penniman, December 5, 1932 in Macon, Georgia) is an American singer, songwriter, and pianist, an early pioneer of Rock n Roll, Penniman has influenced generations of R&B and Rock artists. ... Tutti Frutti is an early rock and roll song by Little Richard. ... The term garage band has several meanings, all related in someway to music. ... Sam the Sham is the stage name of rock n roll singer Domingo “Sam” Samudio from Dallas, Texas. ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... Tejano[1] (Spanish for Texan) or Tex-Mex[2] music is the name given to various forms of folk and popular music originating among the Mexican-descended Tejanos of Central and South Texas. ...

Critics of bubblegum pop maintain that the music is void of artistic merit and that the performers are "groomed" by record labels to depend on physical appearance as opposed to musical or artistic talent. In these cases, terms such as cheesy pop or simply cheese are often used to refer to this music pejoratively. Some critics also maintain that bubblegum pop is not created out of a desire to be artistically creative, but simply to produce something that sells - a process that results in what has become termed manufactured pop, also used in the pejorative.

Nonetheless, it has proven a viable commercial enterprise, with record sales continuing to thrive and the consumers of the genre - primarily young, often pre-teen audiences - assuring a steady market for the ever-growing industry. Individual singles, however, often only remain on music charts for a brief period of time - thus is the transient nature of Bubblegum pop.

1960s and 1970s

The first wave of "pure" bubblegum came with Jerry Kasenetz and Jeff Katz - music producers who formed Super K Productions and gave the world "A Little Bit of Soul" by The Music Explosion in 1966. However, the song was closer to R&B garage band music, and missing the element of nursery rhyme/nonsense lyrics that would be introduced by staff songwriters Joey Levine and Elliot Chiprut. About a year later, they released "Yummy Yummy Yummy" a #4 hit in June, 1968 for The Ohio Express. Although The Ohio Express was a real, touring garage band in the Midwest, under contract to Kasenetz and Katz, their hit singles were recorded by session musicians fronted by singer-songwriter Joey Levine. The band members were handicapped attempting to reproduce Levine's distinctive nasal whine for their live performances. Super K Productions was a record label specializing in Bubblegum_pop. ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... Rhythm and blues (or R & B) is a musical marketing term introduced in the United States in the late 1940s by Billboard magazine. ... The term garage band has several meanings, all related in someway to music. ... Joey Levine is a prolific songwriter, producer and performer of pop music starting around 1966. ... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... The Ohio Express was a Bubblegum pop/garage band that fronted for Kasenetz and Katzs Super K Productions studio musicians, including singer/songwriter Joey Levine (Yummy Yummy Yummy). The band is strongly associated with the bubblegum group 1910 Fruitgum Company with whom they shared lead singer and producer. ...

Other hits from Kasenetz and Katz followed, including "Indian Giver" and "Simon Says" by the 1910 Fruitgum Company, "Green Tambourine" by The Lemon Pipers and one-offs such as "Quick Joey Small" by The Kasenetz-Katz Singing Orchestral Circus, another front for the same batch of Levine-fronted studio players. The 1910 Fruitgum Company is a bubblegum pop band of the 1960s, the name of which is from a wrapper which lead singer Frank Jeckell found in his attic. ... The Lemon Pipers were a 1960s bubblegum/psychedelic pop band from Cincinnati, Ohio, known chiefly for their song Green Tambourine, which reached number one in the United States in 1968. ...

Others joined in, notably music publisher Don Kirshner and writer/producer Jeff Barry with The Archies, whose "Sugar Sugar" (written by Barry with Andy Kim), perhaps the purest distillation of bubblegum ever, was the best-selling single of 1969, and was voiced by Ron Dante and Toni Wine. Many critics describe The Monkees, with their light and cheerful rock and roll, as bubblegum, due to their producer-driven career and reliance on outside songwriters and session players. Others claim The Monkees were not pure bubblegum until 1970's "Half-Monkees" LP Changes, produced by Barry. Cartoon producers Hanna-Barbera created The Banana Splits, costumed actors miming to pre-recorded tracks for a Saturday morning cartoon show. Other animated acts included Josie and The Pussycats, The Hardy Boys (produced by Filmation), The Groovy Ghoulies and The Sugar Bears, and (in the UK) The Wombles. Don Kirshner, (April 17, 1934- ) once known as The Man With the Golden Ear, is an American song publisher and rock producer; best known for managing songwriting talent to successful groups like The Monkees and The Archies. ... Jeff Barry (born Joel Adelberg, 1938, Brooklyn, N.Y.) and Ellie Greenwich (born 1940, Brooklyn, N.Y.) comprised one of the most prolific and successful Brill Building song writing and production teams in the early 1960s. ... The Archies are a group of adolescent fictional characters of the Archie universe, a garage band founded by Archie Andrews, Reggie Mantle, and Jughead Jones. ... Sugar, Sugar was a 1969 hit song, supposedly by fictional characters The Archies, actually the product of a group of studio musicians managed by Don Kirshner, with vocals by Ron Dante. ... Andy Kim, born December 5, 1952 in Lala Land, Jupiter, is a pop singer/songwriter. ... 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... Ron Dante is an American singer, songwriter and record producer. ... Toni Wine is an American pop music songwriter, who wrote songs for such artists as The Archies (she also appeared as a vocalist on their recordings), Elvis Presley, and Checkmates Ltd. ... The Monkees were a four-man musical band created for an American television series of the same name, which ran on NBC from 1966 to 1968. ... 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1970 calendar). ... Cartoon Network Studios, formerly known as Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, Inc. ... The Banana Splits was a comedy variety television show in the United States during the 1960s starring several lifesize puppets. ... Josie and the Pussycats are a fictitious rock band created by Dan DeCarlo. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The first Filmation logo. ... The Wombles are fictional characters created by British author Elisabeth Beresford, originally appearing in a series of childrens novels from 1968. ...

The initial era of bubblegum carried on for a few more years, as LPs were released by David Cassidy, The Jackson 5, The Osmonds, Leif Garrett, The DeFranco Family and many others. Cassidy in The Partridge Family David Bruce Cassidy (born April 12, 1950) is an American actor and musician, best known for starring in the television series The Partridge Family from 1970 to 1974. ... The Jackson 5 (also spelled The Jackson Five or The Jackson 5ive, abbreviated as J5, and later known as The Jacksons) was an American popular music quintet from Gary, Indiana. ... The Osmonds are an American family pop group who achieved enormous worldwide success as teenybopper idols in the 1970s. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... The DeFranco Family was an early- and mid-1970s pop music group from Canada. ...

Many British acts of the first glam rock era (approximately 1971-1975) had bubblegum influences. These included Gary Glitter, Alvin Stardust, T. Rex, and such Nicky Chinn/Michael Chapman-produced acts as Sweet, Mud, and Suzi Quatro. These British acts had great success in the UK, Asia, and Europe, charting many singles. They were less successful in the US, however, due to the competition from other foreign acts such as ABBA and Olivia Newton-John, who provided a more "serious" approach to music. The last big act of the 1970s which featured obvious bubblegum elements was the Bay City Rollers, charting hits through the end of the decade. Glam is also the name of the lead singer of Wig Wam. ... This is an article about the singer who performs as Gary Glitter. ... Alvin Stardust (born 27 September 1942) is a musican, born Bernard William Jewry in Muswell Hill, London, UK. He made his stage debut in pantomine at the age of 4. ... T. Rex (originally known as Tyrannosaurus Rex, also occasionally spelt T Rex or T-Rex), was a British rock band fronted by Marc Bolan. ... Nicky Chinn (born May 16, 1945) was the songwriting (and production) partner of Michael Chapman. ... Mike Chapman is a record producer and songwriter who was a major force in the British pop music industry in the early 1970s. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Mud were a British glam rock band formed in 1968, best remembered for their single Tiger Feet which was 1974s UK best selling single. ... Suzi Quatro Album Cover Suzi Quatro Suzi Quatro (born Susan Kay Quatro on June 3, 1950 in Detroit, Michigan. ... ABBA (1972–1982) were a Swedish pop music group characterised by a generally uplifting but melancholic sound. ... Olivia Newton-John, circa 1988 Olivia Newton-John AO OBE (born September 26, 1948, Cambridge) is a British-born Australian singer and actress. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... The Bay City Rollers were a Scottish Pop/rock band of the 1970s. ...

Punk rock trailblazers The Ramones did not produce bubblegum music, but their punk rock songs were highly influenced by bubblegum pop's upbeat tempos, simple chord structures and nonsense lyrics. Joey Ramone (born Jeffrey Hyman) named himself after bubblegum kingpin Joey Levine. Ramone once described his group as a "nouveau bubblegum band with teeth," and they recorded the 1910 Fruitgum Company's "Indian Giver." The Ramones (L-R, Johnny, Tommy, Joey, Dee Dee) on the cover of their debut self-titled album (1976), cementing their place at the dawn of the punk movement. ... Punk rock is an anti-establishment music movement beginning around 1976 (although precursors can be found several years earlier), exemplified and popularised by The Ramones, the Sex Pistols, The Clash and The Damned. ... Jeffry Hyman (May 19, 1951 – April 15, 2001), better known as Joey Ramone, was an American vocalist and songwriter best known for his work in the legendary punk rock group The Ramones. ... The 1910 Fruitgum Company is a bubblegum pop band of the 1960s, the name of which is from a wrapper which lead singer Frank Jeckell found in his attic. ...

1980s

The 1980s saw few bubblegum-esque acts in the US and UK. In the late 1980s, British charts were dominated by Stock Aitken Waterman-produced acts such as Bananarama and Kylie Minogue, whose sound was somewhere between synthesized dance music and bubblegum pop. In the U.S., the birth of the boy band came about with the successes of New Edition and New Kids on the Block. The two reigning teen queens of the decade were undoubtedly Tiffany and Debbie Gibson who saw their popularity skyrocket after touring malls, a prime outlet for their teenaged audience. In Latin America, bubblegum acts such as Timbiriche, Menudo, Los Chicos, Las Cheris, and Los Chamos were hugely popular. In 1985, Magneto, a group that would later gain fame in the 1990s, was formed in Mexico. The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... (From left to right) Pete Waterman, Matt Aitken and Mike Stock in 1987. ... Bananarama are an English girl group who found worldwide fame with their melodic pop and new wave songs. ... Kylie Ann Minogue (born May 28, 1968) is a Grammy Award winning Australian singer-songwriter and occasional actress. ... A boyband (or boy band, American) is a type of pop group usually featuring three to six young male singers. ... New Edition is an American R&B group formed in Boston, Massachusetts in 1980, that was most popular during the 1980s. ... New Kids On The Block (later NKOTB) was a successful boy band of the late 1980s and early 1990s. ... Tiffany, performing at Gulfstream Park in 2003 Tiffany Renee Darwish (born October 2, 1971 in Norwalk, California; sometimes mistakenly reported as being born in Oklahoma, where she has some relatives), professionally known as Tiffany, is an American singer who had a number of teen pop hits during the late 1980s. ... Deborah Ann Gibson (born August 31, 1970) is an American singer who was, along with Tiffany in the late 1980s, a very popular teen idol who appeared on the cover of teen magazines such as Tiger Beat multiple times. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... Original members of Timbiriche (album cover) Timbiriche is the name of a Mexican band that started on April 30, 1981 during a broadcast of the news program Hoy Mismo with Guillermo Ochoa with six children, most of whose parents were famous actors/singers/composers. ... Menudomania!. Menudo is a Puerto-Rican boy band that was the biggest teen act during the 1980s and 1990s. ... Los Chicos was a popular boy band in Puerto Rico, created to rival Menudos success. ... Las Cheris was a famous Puerto Rican girl group of the early 1980s. ... Los Chamos was a famous Venezuelan music group of the 1980s. ... 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Elías, Charlie, Alex and Alan on the video for Sugar, Sugar where Charlie plays a preppy boy and Alan a geek Magneto is a popular Mexican boy band of the 1980s and 1990s. ... See also 1990s, the band The 1990s decade refers to the years from 1990 to 1999, inclusive, sometimes informally including popular culture from the very late 1980s and from 2000 and beyond. ...

Also, some bands not known for bubblegum pop nevertheless released singles that arguably fit the genre, some becoming chart-topping hits. For example, the 1980 single "De Do Do Do, De Da Da Da" introduced The Police to an international audience; the lyrically nonsensical "Jump" from Van Halen's "1984" became a standard for televised sporting events; and in 1988 lead singer Joe Elliott proclaimed "I'm hot, sticky sweet/from my head to my feet, yeah" in Def Leppard's "Pour Some Sugar on Me", a pop-metal hit with obvious influence from "Sugar Sugar." While these artists generally share little in common with the bubblegum pop of the 1960s, the lasting impact of that genre can perhaps be seen in the structure of these songs, if not the sound. The Police was a three-piece British Rock band, which was strongly influenced by ska and reggae. ... Van Halen is an American Hard rock band. ... Def Leppard is an English hard rock/heavy metal band from Sheffield who formed in 1977 at the time of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal. ...

1990s

In the early 1990s, bubblegum remained scarce, as first grunge music and then gangsta rap dominated the pop charts. In the late 1990s, bubblegum was forced back into the spotlight through the sensationalism and mass hysteria brought about by the popularity of British girl group, The Spice Girls, who shared with the bubblegum pop acts of old the production of catchy, simple, up-tempo pop tracks aimed at younger music buyers, a line-up assembled by producer-svengalis, and a glut of merchandising aimed at that same young audience. Grunge music(sometimes also referred to as the Seattle Sound) is a genre of alternative rock inspired by hardcore punk, heavy metal, and indie rock. ... Gangsta rap is a subgenre of hip hop music which involves a lyrical focus on the lifestyles of inner-city or da hood gang members and other criminals. ... The Spice Girls were a British vocal girl band. ...

The Spice Girls hit the world in the form of chocolate bars, dolls, magazines, a feature length movie and even personal deodorising spray. This mass fusion of consumerism and popular music transformed the ideology of bubblegum pop as a business, rather than simply selling records.

As well as the Spice Girls, a series of boy bands such as the Backstreet Boys, N'SYNC, 98 Degrees, Boyzone, Westlife, Take That, and O-Town made their way onto the walls of teenagers around the world. Soon after the boy bands came a new era of pop princess, including Christina Aguilera, Mandy Moore, Jessica Simpson and Britney Spears who revolutionized the genre, and opened the way for many more Pop princesses to follow. The Scandinavian group Aqua also had massive "bubblegum" hits in Europe, but today are mostly remembered in the U.S. as a one-hit wonder for their controversial[1] song "Barbie Girl". In addition to this, several of the Latin American bubblegum groups attempted comebacks in the late 1990s, with Menudo's El Reencuentro being the most successful among them. The Backstreet Boys are a Grammy-nominated vocal pop group that enjoyed enormous success in the mid-late 1990s and 2000s. ... *NSYNC is a five-part pop music vocal group, specifically a boy band, formed in Orlando, Florida, USA. The group members are James Lance Bass, Joshua Scott Chasez (JC), Joseph Anthony Fatone Junior (Joey), Christopher Alan Kirkpatrick (Chris), and Justin Randall Timberlake. ... This article is about the band; for the body temperature, see 98. ... Boyzone were an Irish boy band (pop group) of the 1990s. ... Westlife is an Irish boy band created in 1998 (signed by Simon Cowell), managed by music mogul Louis Walsh. ... Take That. ... O-Town O-Town is a boy band formed from the first series of the MTV-produced reality television series Making The Band, in 2000. ... Pop princess is a term often used for a successful solo female pop singer who is usually a teenager when they first achieve success. ... Christina María Aguilera (born December 18, 1980) is an American pop singer and songwriter. ... Mandy Moore (born Amanda Leigh Moore on April 10, 1984) is an American singer and actress. ... Jessica Ann Simpson (born July 10, 1980 in Abilene, Texas) is an American pop singer and actress who rose to fame in the late 1990s. ... Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is a Grammy Award-winning American pop singer, dancer, occasional songwriter and actress, and author. ... Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe. ... Aqua in 1997, from left to right: Claus Norreen, Lene Grawford Nystrøm, René Dif and Søren Rasted Aqua was a Danish pop group, best-known for their 1997 breakthrough single Barbie Girl. The group formed in 1994, and achieved huge success across the globe in the late 1990s... UK 45 rpm single for Mickey (1982) by one-hit wonder Toni Basil CD single of the Baha Mens Who Let the Dogs Out? In the music industry, a one-hit wonder is an artist generally known for only one hit single. ... Barbie Girl is a song by the group Aqua, who released it in 1997 as a single and included it on the album Aquarium. ... El Reencuentro was the name that six ex-members of famous group Menudo used for their comeback concert remembering Menudos Golden Era. ...

2000s

Bubblegum pop then appeared to be declining at the turn of the early millennium, as audiences tired of the many boy bands and pop princesses but suddenly started a new rebirth as network executives at Disney molded their female stars such as Hilary Duff, Hayden Panettiere, and Lindsay Lohan into pop princesses. Disney made them into pop princesses after these artists made a movie, made-for-TV movie or TV show with them. Lindsay Lohan has her own music under a different genre dance/pop/rock and solo albums with Casablanca/Universal Records. Hilary Duff has mostly moved away from her pop princess songs from Disney with her solo albums. The Backstreet Boys have dramatically switched to a style similar to Hilary Duff, prompting protest from fans of their older sound. But on the other hand, artists such as the Cheetah Girls would like to bring back the classic Max Martin-esque sound that was popular around the year 2000 with their music. The Walt Disney Company (most commonly known as Disney) (NYSE: DIS) is one of the largest media and entertainment corporations in the world. ... Hilary Erhard Duff[1] (born September 28, 1987) is an American actress and singer. ... Hayden Leslie Panettiere (born August 21, 1989 in Islip, New York) is an American actress and singer. ... Lindsay Dee Lohan[1] (born July 2, 1986), known professionally as Lindsay Morgan Lohan, is an American actress and pop music singer. ... Lindsay Dee Lohan[1] (born July 2, 1986), known professionally as Lindsay Morgan Lohan, is an American actress and pop music singer. ... Hilary Erhard Duff[1] (born September 28, 1987) is an American actress and singer. ... The Backstreet Boys are a Grammy-nominated vocal pop group that enjoyed enormous success in the mid-late 1990s and 2000s. ... The Cheetah Girls (film) is a movie about a girl band. ...

Pop punkers then entered the scene, with the hardcore punk sound softened for the benefit of the teenage crowd. Acts such as Simple Plan and Good Charlotte became heartthrobs to teenage girls, but they faced stiff competition from singers such as Ryan Cabrera, Aaron Carter, and Jesse McCartney. Pop pun had become more hardcore and artists such as Hawthorne Heights and Fall Out Boy took over the scene. Along with the pop-punk scene, some urban music started to have a bubblegum pop feel to it. In late 2004, 2005, and some parts of 2006, artists such as Frankie J and Omarion started to become increasingly popular, matching even the popularity of the "Disney" artists who were prominent at that time. Pop punk is a term applied to a style of punk rock music, most popular in the 2000s but beginning in the late 1980s. ... Punk rock is an anti-establishment music movement beginning around 1976 (although precursors can be found several years earlier), exemplified and popularised by The Ramones, the Sex Pistols, The Clash and The Damned. ... Simple Plan is a pop punk& emo band formed in 1999 in Montreal, Canada—all five members are French-Canadians who were born and grew up in the province of Quebec. ... Good Charlotte is a Pop Punk band from Waldorf, Maryland that formed in 1996. ... Ryan Frank Cabrera (born July 18, 1982) is an American musician and a TV presenter. ... Aaron Charles Carter (born December 7, 1987 in Tampa, Florida) is an American pop singer. ... Jesse A. McCartney (born April 9, 1987) is an American pop singer and actor. ... Hawthorne Heights are a rock band that formed in Dayton, Ohio in June of 2001. ... Fall Out Boy is an alternative rock/punk rock/Emo/[1] band from the suburbs of Chicago, Illinois that formed in 2000. ... Urban is in or having to do with cities, as distinct from rural areas. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Frankie J (born Francisco Javier Bautista on December 14, 1980) is a Mexican American R&B singer. ... Omarion (born Omari Ishmael Grandberry on November 12, 1984 in Inglewood, California) is an American R&B singer, actor, and the former lead singer of boy band B2K. // Music career In 1999 Omarion was the last member to join teenage boy band B2K, at age 15. ...

When American Idol debuted in 2002, a slew of new manufactured pop stars were created by the viewing (and voting) public. Kelly Clarkson is among the pop-influenced Idol contestants who have released records. Most of these Idol winners have performed songs in a variety of genres, including some bubblegum pop. American Idol, formerly known as American Idol: The Search for a Superstar, is an American television series. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... Kelly Brianne Clarkson (born April 24, 1982) is a Grammy Award-winning American pop rock singer and actress. ...

Bubblegum pop artists such as the dance-troupe-turned-girl-group The Pussycat Dolls, and Rihanna appeared on the charts in 2005. In 2006, several new bubblegum pop artists started to enter the charts. Hope Partlow, and Aly & AJ on the other hand, decided to go toward the singer-songwriter genre, but their fanbase continues to center around teens. The Pussycat Dolls is a R&B all-female music group. ... Robyn Rihanna Fenty (born February 20, 1988), principally known by the stage name Rihanna, is a Barbadian singer with musical influences from pop, reggae, dancehall, and soca. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Hope Partlow (born May 31, 1988) is an American pop singer from Drummonds, Tennessee. ... Aly & AJ is an American pop rock/ Christian pop duo consisting of sisters Alyson Renae Aly Michalka and Amanda Joy AJ Michalka. ...

The Disney Channel original movie High School Musical, later released as a DVD, became a worldwide cultural phenomenon in 2006. Most of the songs from the soundtrack of the show which mixed elements of traditional musical numbers with bubblegum pop elements became major hits very popular with teenagers. [2] For the Disney Channel in other countries, see Disney Channel around the world. ... High School Musical is a 2006 Disney Channel Original Movie (DCOM). ... The soundtrack for the Disney Channel Original Movie, High School Musical, was released on January 10, 2006 and debuted at #143 on the Billboard 200, selling 6,469 copies in its first week. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theatre combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ...

Further reading

• Kim Cooper and David Smay (eds), Bubblegum Music is the Naked Truth: The Dark History of Prepubescent Pop from the Banana Splits to Britney Spears, Feral House 2001 ISBN 0-922915-69-5

2001: A Space Odyssey. ...

External links

• Bubblegum University, subtitled "your sticky pink think tank," is a group blog dedicated to bubblegum scholarship. It is online at Bubblegum-Music.com

• The Classic Bubblegum Music Page