Common Buckwheat
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Caryophyllales Family: Polygonaceae Genus: Fagopyrum Species: F. esculentum
Binomial name
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is a plant in the genus Fagopyrum (sometimes merged into genus Polygonum) in the family Polygonaceae. With its congeners tartary buckwheat (F. tartaricum Gaertn) and perennial buckwheat (F. cymosum L.), it is often counted as a cereal, though unlike most cereals the buckwheats are not true grasses. Buckwheat is thus not related to true wheat. Buckwheat is most likely descended from wild buckwheat, though it does not share its vine-like growth habit. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1414x2332, 1050 KB) Name Fagopyrum esculentum Family Polygonaceae Original book source: Prof. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. ... Divisions Green algae Chlorophyta Charophyta Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta—liverworts Anthocerotophyta—hornworts Bryophyta—mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) †Rhyniophyta—rhyniophytes †Zosterophyllophyta—zosterophylls Lycopodiophyta—clubmosses †Trimerophytophyta—trimerophytes Pteridophyta—ferns and horsetails Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta—seed ferns Pinophyta—conifers Cycadophyta—cycads Ginkgophyta—ginkgo Gnetophyta—gnetae Magnoliophyta—flowering plants... It has been suggested that Angiospermae, and Anthophyta be merged into this article or section. ... Orders See text. ... Families Achatocarpaceae Aizoaceae (Fig-marigold family) Amaranthaceae (amaranth family) Ancistrocladaceae Asteropeiaceae Barbeuiaceae Basellaceae (basella family) Cactaceae (cactus family) Caryophyllaceae (carnation family) Dioncophyllaceae Droseraceae (sundew family) Drosophyllaceae Frankeniaceae Molluginaceae (carpetweed family) Nepenthaceae Nyctaginaceae (four-oclock family) Physenaceae Phytolaccaceae (pokeweed family) Plumbaginaceae (plumbago family) Polygonaceae (buckwheat family) Portulacaceae (purslane family) Rhabdodendraceae... Genera See text The Polygonaceae, or the Knotweed Family, are a group of dicots including buckwheat, sorrel (but not wood sorrel), rhubarb, and knotgrass. ... Species Fagopyrum esculentum Fagopyrum tataricum The genus Fagopyrum in the flowering plant family Polygonaceae includes two important crop plants, the Buckwheat or Japanese Buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum, and the Tartary Buckwheat Fagopyrum tataricum. ... In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. ... Conrad Moench (1744-1805) was a German botanist, Professor of Botany at the Marburg University from 1786 until his death. ... Divisions Green algae Chlorophyta Charophyta Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta—liverworts Anthocerotophyta—hornworts Bryophyta—mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) †Rhyniophyta—rhyniophytes †Zosterophyllophyta—zosterophylls Lycopodiophyta—clubmosses †Trimerophytophyta—trimerophytes Pteridophyta—ferns and horsetails Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta—seed ferns Pinophyta—conifers Cycadophyta—cycads Ginkgophyta—ginkgo Gnetophyta—gnetae Magnoliophyta—flowering plants... For other uses of the word, please see Genus (disambiguation). ... Species Fagopyrum esculentum Fagopyrum tataricum The genus Fagopyrum in the flowering plant family Polygonaceae includes two important crop plants, the Buckwheat or Japanese Buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum, and the Tartary Buckwheat Fagopyrum tataricum. ... Species see text Polygonum cuspidatum fall foliage Polygonum, or knotweed, is a genus in the buckwheat family Polygonaceae. ... Genera See text The Polygonaceae, or the Knotweed Family, are a group of dicots including buckwheat, sorrel (but not wood sorrel), rhubarb, and knotgrass. ... A congener (from Latin roots meaning born together or within the same race or kind) has several different meanings depending on the field in which it is used. ... Binomial name Fagopyrum tataricum Tartar Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) is a domesticated food plant in the genus Fagopyrum (sometimes merged into genus Polygonum) in the family Polygonaceae. ... This article is about cereals in general. ... Subfamilies There are 7 subfamilies: Subfamily Arundinoideae Subfamily Bambusoideae Subfamily Centothecoideae Subfamily Chloridoideae Subfamily Panicoideae Subfamily Pooideae Subfamily Stipoideae The true grasses are monocotyledonous plants (Class Liliopsida) in the Family Poaceae, also known as Gramineae. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. compactum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 For the indie rock group see: Wheat (band). ... Binomial name Fallopia convolvulus (L.) A.Löve Wild Buckwheat (Fallopia convolvulus, syn Polygonum convolvulus L., Bilderdykia convolvulus (L.) Dumont) is a fast-growing annual flowering plant in the family Polygonaceae. ...

The name "buckwheat" or "beech wheat" comes from its triangular seeds, which resemble the much larger seeds of the beech nut from the beech tree, and the fact that it is used like wheat. Species Fagus crenata - Japanese Beech Fagus engleriana - Chinese Beech Fagus grandifolia - American Beech Fagus hayatae - Taiwan Beech Fagus japonica - Japanese Blue Beech Fagus longipetiolata - South Chinese Beech Fagus lucida - Shining Beech Fagus mexicana - Mexican Beech or Haya Fagus orientalis - Oriental Beech Fagus sylvatica - European Beech Beech (Fagus) is a genus...

Cultivation

Common buckwheat was domesticated and first cultivated in southeast Asia, possibly around 6000 BC, and from there spread to Europe and to Central Asia and Tibet. Genetic evidence points to as the wild ancestor, with domestication most likely taking place in the western Sichuan and/or northwestern Yunnan regions of China.^[1] Buckwheat is documented in Europe in the Balkans by at least the Middle Neolithic (circa 4000 BC) and the oldest known remains in China so far date to circa 2600 BC. However, buckwheat pollen is present in Japan as early as 4000 BC suggesting either that (i) domestication of this plant occurred earlier than has been documented archaeologically; (ii) it spread more rapidly than previously acknowledged, or; (iii) there were two or more domestication events. It is the world's highest elevation domesticate, being cultivated in Yunnan on the edge of the Tibetan Plateau or on the Plateau itself. Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ... Tibet (older spelling Thibet; Tibetan: བོད་; Wylie: Bod; Lhasa dialect IPA: [; Simplified and Traditional Chinese: 西藏, Hanyu Pinyin: XÄ«zàng; also referred to as 藏区 (Simplified Chinese), 藏區 (Traditional Chinese), ZàngqÅ« (Hanyu Pinyin), see Name section below) is a plateau region in Central Asia and the indigenous home to the Tibetan people. ... The Neolithic, (Greek neos=new, lithos=stone, or New Stone Age) is traditionally the last part of the stone age. ... Dogs and sheep were among the first animals to be domesticated. ...   (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ; literally south of the clouds) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located in the far southwestern corner of the country. ... Tibet Autonomous Region, Qinghai Province and Sichuan Province of China lie on the Tibetan Plateau. ...

Common Buckwheat in flower

Buckwheat is a short season crop that does well on poor, somewhat acidic soils, but the soil must be well drained. Too much fertilizer, especially nitrogen, will greatly reduce yields. In hot climates, it can only be grown by sowing late in the season, so that it will bloom in cooler weather. Buckwheat is sometimes used as a green manure, as a plant for erosion control, or as wildlife cover and feed. Image File history File links Name Fagopyrum esculentum Family Polygonaceae Image no. ... Image File history File links Name Fagopyrum esculentum Family Polygonaceae Image no. ... In agriculture, a green manure is a type of cover crop grown primarily to add nutrients and organic matter to the soil. ... Severe soil erosion in a wheat field near Washington State University, USA. For erosion as understood by materials science, see Erosion (materials science) For erosion as an English analogy, see Erosion (figurative) For erosion as an operation of Mathematical morphology, see Erosion (morphology) Erosion is the displacement of solids (soil...

Common buckwheat is by far the most important buckwheat species, economically, accounting for over 90% of the world's buckwheat production. Cultivation of buckwheat has declined sharply in the United States. Over a million acres (4,000 km²) were harvested in 1918. By 1954 that had declined to 150,000 acres (600 km²), and by 1964, the last year that production statistics were gathered, only 50,000 acres (200 km²) were grown. By contrast, in 1970 Russia grew an estimated 4.5 million acres (18,000 km²) of buckwheat. China, Japan, Poland, Canada, Brazil, South Africa, and Australia also grow significant quantities of buckwheat. 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1964 (MCMLXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1964 calendar). ... 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday. ...

Use

The seed is an achene, similar to a sunflower seed, with a hard outer shell and soft inner meat. The flour is noticeably darker than wheat flour, and is known (exaggeratedly) as "blé noir" ("black wheat") in French, along with the name sarrasin ("saracen"). In Japan, the flour is made into noodles (including soba), and as groats. Groats, that part of the grain left after the hulls are removed from the seeds, and farina made from groats are used for breakfast food, porridge, and thickening materials in soups, gravies, and dressings. In Korea, buckwheat starch is used to make a jelly called memilmuk. Buckwheat groats are also commonly used in eastern Europe, often in form of "kasha" dish.^[2] It is also used with wheat, maize or rice in bread and pasta products. Buckwheat contains rutin, a medicinal chemical, used for vascular disorders; it is naturally devoid of gluten, and can thus be eaten by people who react adversely to gluten. An achene is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. ... Binomial name Helianthus annuus L. The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is an annual plant native to the Americas in the family Asteraceae, with a large flowering head (inflorescence). ... Look up Noodle in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Soba served on a zaru Soba ) is the Japanese word for buckwheat. ... Groats are the hulled and crushed grains of various cereals, such as oats, wheat or buckwheat. ... The name farina is used in a number of circumstances: Farina (from the Italian for flour) is a bland-tasting meal made from cereal grains. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Soup is usually a savoury liquid food that is made by combining ingredients, such as meat, vegetables and beans in stock or hot water, until the flavor is extracted, forming a broth. ... Gravy is a thickened sauce, usually made from a base of extracts that run from meat and/or vegetables during cooking. ... Korea(Korean: 한국 or ì¡°ì„ , see below) is a geographic area, civilization, and former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. ... Starch (CAS# 9005-25-8) is a complex carbohydrate which is soluble in water; it is used by plants as a way to store excess glucose. ... Memilmuk is a Korean food which consists of a jelly made from buckwheat starch. ... Groats are the hulled and crushed grains of various cereals, such as oats, wheat or buckwheat. ... This article is 150 kilobytes or more in size. ... Kasha is a porridge made with wheat, buckwheat, oats, millet, rice, potatoes, etc. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. compactum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 For the indie rock group see: Wheat (band). ... “Corn” redirects here. ... Species Oryza glaberrima Oryza sativa Brown basmati rice Terrace of paddy fields in Yunnan Province, southern China. ... Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults. ... Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults. ... Rutin Rutin, also called rutoside, quercetin-3-rutinoside and sophorin, is a citrus bioflavonoid found in buckwheat and the fruit of the Fava DAnta tree (from Brazil) and other sources. ... Phytochemicals are sometimes referred to as phytonutrients; these terms are often used interchangeably. ... Wheat - a prime source of gluten Gluten is an amorphous ergastic protein found combined with starch in the endosperm of some cereals, notably wheat, rye, and barley. ...

Soba noodles, made from buckwheat flour

Buckwheat pancakes, sometimes raised with yeast, are eaten in several countries. They are known as buckwheat blinis in Russia, galettes in France (where they are especially associated with Brittany), ployes in Acadia and boûketes (that is, named the same as the plant they are made of) in Wallonia. Similar pancakes were a common food in American pioneer days. They are light and foamy. The buckwheat flour gives them an earthy, mildly mushroom-like taste. In Ukraine, yeast rolls called hrechanyky are made from buckwheat. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 491 pixelsFull resolution (2379 × 1459 pixel, file size: 812 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Buckwheat ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 491 pixelsFull resolution (2379 × 1459 pixel, file size: 812 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Buckwheat ... Two American-style pancakes A pancake is a batter cake fried in a pan or on a griddle with oil or butter. ... Typical divisions Ascomycota (sac fungi) Saccharomycotina (true yeasts) Taphrinomycotina Schizosaccharomycetes (fission yeasts) Basidiomycota (club fungi) Urediniomycetes Sporidiales Yeasts are a growth form of eukaryotic microorganisms classified in the kingdom Fungi. ... A blintz, blintze or blin (Russian: блин, блины; Ukrainian: блинці, blyntsi; plural: blintzes, blini, bliny) is a thin pancake. ... A galette is a savoury buckwheat crêpe, a type of pancake from the French region of Brittany. ... Historical province of Brittany, showing the main areas with their name in Breton language The traditional flag of Brittany (the Gwenn-ha-du), formerly a Breton nationalist symbol but today used as a general civic flag in the region. ... A Ploye is a pancake type mix of buckwheat flour and water which is extremely popular in the Madawaska region of New Brunswick and northern Maine. ... The national flag of Acadia, adopted in 1884. ... Wallonia (French: Wallonie, German: Wallonien, Walloon: Walonreye, Dutch: Wallonië) or the Walloon Region (French: Région Wallonne, Dutch: Waals Gewest) is the predominantly French-speaking region that constitutes one of the three federal regions of Belgium, with its capital at Namur. ...

Besides the seeds, from which buckwheat flour is produced, buckwheat is also a good honey plant, producing a dark, strong monofloral honey. Unlike the widely consumed seeds, buckwheat greens are toxic to humans. Eaten in sufficient quantities, the greens can induce an ensemble of symptoms, including an extreme sensitization of the skin to sunlight known as fagopyrism.^[3] Light pigmented livestock and fair skinned people are particularly susceptible. Enthusiasts of sprouting, however, eat the very young buckwheat sprouts (four to five days of growth) for their subtle, nutty flavour and high nutritional value. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Monofloral honey is a type of honey which has a high value in the marketplace because it has a distictive flavor or other attribute due to its being predominately from the nectar of one plant species. ... Mixed bean sprouts Sprouting is the practice of soaking, draining, then rinsing at regular intervals seeds until they germinate and begin to sprout. ... Sprouts may refer to: Sprouting, the practice of germinating seeds, often for food purposes Sprouts, a game Brussels sprouts This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

In the past buckwheat cultivation was also used in orchards to increase the rate of pollination.

In the 1970s and 1980s, General Mills produced a sweetened, maple-flavored breakfast cereal made from buckwheat, which was marketed under the name Buc-Wheats. General Mills (NYSE: GIS) is a Fortune 500 corporation, mainly concerned with food products, which is headquartered in Golden Valley, Minnesota, a suburb of Minneapolis. ...

Upholstery filling

Buckwheat hulls are used as filling for a variety of upholstered goods, including pillows and zafu. The hulls are durable and do not conduct or reflect heat as much as synthetic fills. They are sometimes marketed as an alternative natural fill to feathers for those with allergies. Upholstery is the work of providing furniture, especially seats, with padding, springs, webbing, and fabric or leather covers. ... A pile of pillows Pillows are small (and usually quite soft) support for the head, usually used while sleeping in a bed, or for the body as used on a couch or chair. ... A zafu or zafubuton (jp. ...

Medical studies to measure the health effects of buckwheat hull pillows have been performed.^[4][5]

Buckwheat and beer

In recent years, buckwheat has been used as a substitute for other grain in gluten free beer. Buckwheat is used in the same way as barley to produce a "malt" that can form the basis of a mash that will brew a beer without gliadin or hordein (together "gluten") and therefore can be suitable for coeliacs or others sensitive to certain glycoproteins.^[6] Buckwheat (left) and sorghum (right), two key ingredients used by gluten free brewers Gluten free beer is beer made from ingredients without glycoproteins (gluten) that, for people with a variety of medical conditions, cause an autoimmune response that can lead to more serious conditions. ... Binomial name Hordeum vulgare L. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is a major food and animal feed crop, a member of the grass family Poaceae. ... Malted barley Malting is a process applied to cereal grains, in which the grains are made to germinate and then are quickly dried before the plant develops. ... Look up Mash in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Mash may refer to: Mobile Army Surgical Hospital. ... A selection of bottled beers A selection of cask beers Beer is one of the worlds oldest[1] and most popular[2] alcoholic beverage, selling more than 133 billion liters (35 billion gallons) per year - producing total global revenues of $294. ... Gliadin is a glycoprotein, present in wheat and some other cereals, best known for its role, along with glutenin, in the formation of gluten. ... Hordein is a glycoprotein, present in barley and some other cereals, together with [gliadin] and other glycoproteins as [gluten]. Some people are sensitive to hordein due to disorders such as celiac disease. ... Wheat - a prime source of gluten Gluten is an amorphous ergastic protein found combined with starch in the endosperm of some cereals, notably wheat, rye, and barley. ... Coeliac disease (also termed non-tropical sprue, celiac disease and gluten intolerance) is an autoimmune disease characterised by chronic inflammation of the proximal portion of the small intestine caused by exposure to certain dietary gluten proteins. ... A glycoprotein is a macromolecule composed of a protein and a carbohydrate (a sugar). ...

Trivia

The buckwheat plant is celebrated in Preston County, West Virginia at their Buckwheat Festival where people can participate in swine, cow, and sheep judging contests, vegetable contests, and craft fairs. The area fire departments also play an important role in the series of parades that occur there. Each year there is a King and Lady Fireman elected. Also there are many rides and homemade, homegrown buckwheat cakes and sausage. Preston County is a county located in the U.S. state of West Virginia and is part of the Pittsburgh DMA. It was formed from Monongalia County in 1818 and named for Virginia Governor James Patton Preston. ...

Etymology

Probably partial translation of Middle Dutch boecweite : boek, beech; see Proto-Indo-European_language bhago- + weite, wheat. The Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) is the hypothetical common ancestor of the Indo-European languages. ...

Recipes

• Buckwheat pancakes
• Buckwheat porridge
• Buckwheat noodles with smoked salmon and dill

References

Wikisource has an original article from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica about:

Buckwheat

• Alternative Field Crops Manual
• Damania, A.B. 1998. "Diversity of Major Cultivated Plants Domesticated in the Near East".[1]
• Mazza, G. 1992. Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), the crop and its importance, p. 534-539. In: R. MacRae (ed.). Encyclopedia of food science, food technology and nutrition. Academic Press Ltd., London.
• Mazza, G. 1993. Storage, Processing, and Quality Aspects of Buckwheat Seed, p. 251-255. In: J. Janick and J.E. Simon (eds.), New crops. Wiley, New York.
• Marshall, H.G. and Y. Pomeranz. 1982. Buckwheat description, breeding, production and utilization, p. 157-212 In: Y. Pomeranz (ed.). Advances in cereal science and technology. Amer. Assoc. Cereal Chem., St. Paul, MN.
• McGregor, S.E. 1976. Insect Pollination Of Cultivated Crop Plants, chap. 9 Crop Plants and Exotic Plants. U.S. Department of Agriculture. As found on the website of the Carl Hayden Bee Research Center of the USDA Agricultural Research Service.[2]

Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... The original Wikisource logo. ... Encyclopædia Britannica, the 11th edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. ... The United States Department of Agriculture (also called the Agriculture Department, or USDA) is a United States Federal Executive Department (or Cabinet Department). ...

Footnotes

1. ^ Kump, B. and Javornik, B. (2002). "Genetic diversity and relationships among cultivated and wild accessions of tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) as revealed by RAPD markers". Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 49: 565-572. 
2. ^ In American usage, "kasha" is sometimes (inaccurately) used as the Russian/slavic name for buckwheat, rather than as an exact equivalent of "porridge". Buckwheat in Russian and other slavic languages is "grechka", "grechiha". It is possible the misnomer originates with Jewish immigrants, as "kashi" (distorted form, that would literally translate as "porridges") is sometimes sold in US supermarket as "Jewish national food".
3. ^ Arbor, G. (December 2004). Are Buckwheat Greens Toxic?. From the Townsend Letter for Doctors & Patients.
4. ^ Dermatophagoides Farinae, an Important Allergenic Substance in Buckwheat-Husk Pillows, Yonsei Medical Journal 1987 December;28(4):274-281 HTML summary, Full text PDF
5. ^ Endotoxin and House Dust Mite Allergen Levels on Synthetic and Buckwheat Pillows, Journal of Korean Medical Science, 2004; 19: 505-8 ISSN 1011-8934 PDF
6. ^ glutenfreebeerfestival.com. Carolyn Smagalski, www.glutenfreebeerfestival.com (2006).

 Countries where a West Slavic language is the national language  Countries where an East Slavic language is the national language  Countries where a South Slavic language is the national language The Slavic languages (also called Slavonic languages), a group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup...

See also

• Eriogonum - wild buckwheat

Grains (Cereals and Pseudocereals)
Amaranth - Barley – Buckwheat – Fonio – Job's Tears – Kañiwa – Maize (Corn) – Millet – Oat – Quinoa – Rice – Rye – Sorghum – Spelt – Triticale – Teff – Wild rice – Wheat

Species over 250, see text The Wild Buckwheats form the genus Eriogonum in the flowering plant family Polygonaceae. ... This article is about cereals in general. ... Image File history File links Grain. ... Amarant redirects here. ... Binomial name Hordeum vulgare L. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is a major food and animal feed crop, a member of the grass family Poaceae. ... Binomial name Digitaria exilis (Kippist) Stapf Synonyms Paspalum exile Kippist Syntherisma exilis (Kippist) Newbold White fonio (Digitaria exilis) is the most important of a diverse group of wild and domesticated Digitaria species that are harvested in the savannas of west Africa. ... Binomial name Coix lacryma-jobi L. Synonyms Jobs Tears (Coix lacryma-jobi), also known as Chinese pearl barley, is a tall tropical plant of the family Poaceae (grass family) native to East Asia and Malaya but elsewhere cultivated in gardens as an annual. ... Binomial name Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen Kañiwa is a species of goosefoot, similar in character and uses to the closely related to quinoa. ... “Corn” redirects here. ... Pearl millet in the field The millets are a group of small-seeded species of cereal crops, widely grown around the world for food and fodder. ... Binomial name Avena sativa Carolus Linnaeus (1753) The Oat (Avena sativa) is a species of cereal grain, and the seeds of this plant. ... Binomial name Chenopodium quinoa Willd. ... Species Oryza glaberrima Oryza sativa Brown basmati rice Terrace of paddy fields in Yunnan Province, southern China. ... Binomial name Secale cereale M.Bieb. ... Commercial sorghum refers to the cultivation and commercial exploitation of species of grasses within the genus Sorghum. ... Binomial name Triticum spelta L. Spelt (Triticum spelta) was an important wheat species in parts of Europe from the Bronze Age to medieval times. ... Triticale Triticale (x Triticosecale) is an artificial or man-made hybrid of rye and wheat first bred in laboratories during the late 19th century. ... Binomial name Eragrostis tef (Zucc. ... Species Zizania aquatica Zizania latifolia Zizania palustris Zizania texana The four species of wild rice comprise the genus Zizania, a group of grasses that grow in shallow water in small lakes and slow-flowing streams. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. compactum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 For the indie rock group see: Wheat (band). ...

External links

• Nutritional information for buckwheat