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Encyclopedia > Budget

Look up budget in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Budget.

Budget (from french bougette) generally refers to a list of all planned expenses and revenues. A budget is an important concept in microeconomics, which uses a budget line to illustrate the trade-offs between two or more goods. In other terms, a budget is an organizational plan stated in monetary terms. Smart Fortwo rental from Budget Budget Rent A Car System, Inc. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wiktionary (a portmanteau of wiki and dictionary) is a multilingual, Web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in over 150 languages. ... Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... The original Wikisource logo. ... Encyclopædia Britannica, the eleventh edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. ... Microeconomics (or price theory) is a branch of economics that studies how individuals, households, and firms make decisions to allocate limited resources,[1] typically in markets where goods or services are being bought and sold. ... Given an allocation of two goods, the budget line through that allocation is the set of all other allocations of the two goods that someone in a market could arrive at by selling one of the goods for the other. ... A good in economics is any physical object (natural or man-made) or service that, upon consumption, increases utility, and therefore can be sold at a price in a market. ...

Contents

Personal or family budget

For more details on this topic, see Personal budget.

In a personal or family budget all sources of income (inflows) are identified and expenses (outflows) are planned with the intent of matching outflows to inflows (making ends meet ends.) A personal budget is a finance plan that allocates future personal income towards expenses, savings and debt repayment. ... Income, generally defined, is the money that is received as a result of the normal business activities of an individual or a business. ... In accounting, an expense is a general term for an outgoing payment made by a business or individual. ...


Government budget

For more details on this topic, see Government budget.

The budget of a government is a summary or plan of the intended revenues and expenditures of that government. In the United States, the federal budget is prepared by the Office of Management and Budget, and submitted to Congress for consideration. Invariably, Congress makes many and substantial changes. Nearly all American states are required to have balanced budgets, but the federal government is allowed to run deficits. A government budget is a legal document that is often passed by the legislature, and approved by the chief executive. ... The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) is a body within the Executive Office of the President of the United States which is tasked with coordinating United States Federal agencies. ...


In the UK the budget is prepared by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the second most important member of the government, and must be passed by Parliament. Parliament seldom makes changes to the budget. The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister responsible for all economic and financial matters. ... Type Bicameral Houses House of Commons House of Lords Speaker of the House of Commons Michael Martin MP Lord Speaker Hélène Hayman, PC Members 1377 (646 Commons, 731 Peers) Political groups Labour Party Conservative Party Liberal Democrats Scottish National Party Plaid Cymru Democratic Unionist Party Sinn Féin...


Union Budget in India

In India, the Finance Minister prepares the Union (Federal) Budget and presents it to the Lok Sabha, the House of the Indian People(s) on the last day of February. It has to be approved by Parliament before April 1, the start of India's fiscal year. The day the Union Budget is presented is considered by many observers to be the most important of India's political calendar. It usually has an immediate effect on the nation's stock exchanges and also has possible short term political implications. This is in addition to the long term changes that some budgets may lead to, for e.g. Manmohan Singh's budgets in the early, A federal government is the common government of a federation. ... The Lok Sabhha (alternatively titled, the House of the People, by the Constitution of India) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. ... is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the Prime Minister of India. ...


Corporate budget

The budget of a company is compiled annually. A finished budget usually requires considerable effort and can be seen as a financial plan for the new financial year. While traditionally the Finance department compiles the company's budget, modern software allows hundreds or even thousands of people in the various departments (operations, human resources, IT etc) to contribute their expected revenues and expenses to the final budget. The term company may refer to a separate legal entity, as in English law, or may simply refer to a business, as is the common use in the United States. ... Computer software (or simply software) refers to one or more computer programs and data held in the storage of a computer for some purpose. ...


If the actual numbers delivered through the financial year turn out to be close to the budget, this will demonstrate that the company understands their business and has been successfully driving it in the direction they had planned. On the other hand, if the actuals diverge wildly from the budget, this sends out an 'out of control' signal and the share price could suffer as a result.


Budget for a non-profit organisation

A budget is a valuable accounting and planning tool for a small non-profit organization. It assists the trustees in making allocation decisions of funds and provides transparency to donors. It helps guide future fundraising efforts. [1]


Event Management Budget

A budget and planning tool to assist in calculating and meeting the costs associated with a business or social event. It is a fundamental tool that enable the event director to predict with reasonable accuracy whether the event will result in a profit, a loss or will break-even.


Business Startup Budget

Description of the expected financial results of your business activities. Initial process of calculating your small business start-up costs listing everything you will need to purchase including both tangible assets (for example, equipment, inventory) and services (for example, remodeling, insurance), working capital, sources and collateral. The budget should contain a narrative explaining how you decided on the amount you are putting into this reserve.


In summary, the purpose of budgeting is to:


1 Provide a forecast of revenues and expenditures i.e. construct a model of how our business might perform financially speaking if certain strategies, events and plans are carried out


2 Provide a financial framework for the decision making process


3 Enable the actual financial operation of the business to be measured against the forecast


See also

Personal finance is the application of the principles of finance to the monetary decisions of an individual or family unit. ... A budget deficit occurs when an entity (often a government) spends more money than it takes in. ... Budget theory is the academic study of political and social motivations behind government and civil society budgeting. ... A budget deficit occurs when an entity (often a government) spends more money than it takes in. ... A budget crisis is an informal name for a situation in which the legislature and the executive in a presidential system deadlock and are unable to pass a budget. ... Cost overrun is defined as excess of actual cost over budget. ... The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister responsible for all economic and financial matters. ... The process of creating the budget for the United States Government is known as the budget process. ... In Canada, federal budgets are presented annually by the Government of Canada to identify planned government spending, expected government revenue, and forecasted economic conditions for the upcoming year. ... Indias general budget is presented each year on the last day of February by the countrys Finance minister in Parliament. ... Government financial reports are an important part of democracy ( or a constitutionally limited republic) but often not widely read or discussed. ... In budgeting or (management accounting in general) variance analysis is a tool of budgetary control by evaluation of performance by means of variances between budgeted, planned or standard amount and the actual amount incurred/sold. ...

References

  1. ^ Virginia Society of Certified Public Accountants. Budgeting: A Guide for Small Nonprofit Organizations. Retrieved on 2007-07-26.

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