Buenos Aires
Panorama of the city at night.
Flag Coat of arms
Coordinates: 34°36′36.00″S 58°22′11.99″W / -34.61, -58.3699972
Established	1536, 1580
Government
- Chief of Government	Mauricio Macri
- Senators	María Eugenia Estenssoro, Samuel Cabanchik, Daniel Filmus
Area
- City	203 km² (78.5 sq mi)
- Land	203 km² (78.5 sq mi)
- Metro	4,758 km² (1,837.1 sq mi)
Population (2007 est.)
- City	3,034,161
- Density	14,946.6/km² (38,711.5/sq mi)
- Metro	13,044,800
HDI (2005)	0.923 – high
Website: http://www.buenosaires.gov.ar/ (Spanish)

Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina. Buenos Aires city is located within the Buenos Aires Province on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent, but is not the capital of the province, nor even part of it. Greater Buenos Aires is the third largest conurbation in Latin America, with a population of about 13 million. Buenos Aires normally refers to one of the following: Buenos Aires, capital city of the Argentine Republic or Gran Buenos Aires (Greater Buenos Aires), that citys surrounding metropolitan area or Buenos Aires Province, one of Argentinas 23 constituent provinces. ... The name of the city of Buenos Aires (pronounced ), the capital of Argentina, means Good Air or Fair Winds in Spanish. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Buenos_Aires_(City)_in_Argentina. ... Image File history File links Buenos_Aires_Coats_of_Arms. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Image File history File links Mapa_de_Buenos_Aires. ... A list of Mayors and Chiefs of Government of the city of Buenos Aires, Argentinas capital, since its federalisation. ... Mauricio Macri Mauricio Macri (born 8 February 1959) is an Argentine politician. ... Daniel Fernando Filmus is an Argentine politician and academic, currently Secretary of Education, Science and Technology in the government of President Néstor Kirchner. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This page talks about Human Development Index, for other HDIs see HDI (disambiguation) World map indicating Human Development Index (2007). ... Not to be confused with capitol. ... The Buenos Aires province (IPA: , Spanish: Provincia de Buenos Aires) is the wealthiest and most populated province of Argentina. ... This page is about the South American estuary. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Gran Buenos Aires or Greater Buenos Aires is the metropolitan area next to the city of Buenos Aires and comprises the following 24 partidos (administrative subdivisions) of the Province of Buenos Aires. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ...

After the internal conflicts of the 19th century, Buenos Aires was federalised and removed from Buenos Aires Province in 1880. The city limits were enlarged to include the former towns of Belgrano and Flores, which are both now neighbourhoods of the city. Federalisation is a term which in Argentine law defines the process of assigning federal status to a territory, with the purpose of making that territory the national capital. ... The Buenos Aires province (IPA: , Spanish: Provincia de Buenos Aires) is the wealthiest and most populated province of Argentina. ... // Location Belgrano is a leafy, northern barrio or neighborhood of the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. ... Flores is a middle class barrio or district in the centre part of Buenos Aires city, Argentina. ... The city of Buenos Aires is divided in 47 barrios: Agronomía Almagro Balvanera Barracas Belgrano Boedo Caballito Chacarita Coglhan Colegiales Constitución Flores Floresta La Boca La Paternal Liniers Mataderos Monte Castro Montserrat Nueva Pompeya Nuñez Palermo Parque Avellaneda Parque Chacabuco Parque Chas Parque Patricios Recoleta Retiro Saavedra...

Buenos Aires (English: Fair Winds or Good Air (see Names of Buenos Aires), pronounced [ˈbwe.nɔs ˈaj.ɾɛs]) was originally named after the sanctuary of "Nostra Signora di Bonaria"^{[citation needed]} (Italian for "Our Lady of Fair Winds", also known as "Virgine de Bonaria") in Cagliari, Sardinia. In the 1994 constitution the city became autonomous, hence its formal name: Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... The name of the city of Buenos Aires (pronounced ), the capital of Argentina, means Good Air or Fair Winds in Spanish. ... “Italian Republic” redirects here. ... Carales redirects here. ... Sardinia (pronounced ; Italian: ; Sardinian: or ) is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily). ... An autonomous (subnational) entity is a subnational entity that has a certain amount of autonomy. ...

People from Buenos Aires are called porteños (people of the port). Porteño is the Spanish demonym for those born in the Argentine city of Buenos Aires. ...

History

Juan de Garay, founder of Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires foundation in 1580

1888 German map of Buenos Aires.

1888 German map of Buenos Aires This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... 1888 German map of Buenos Aires This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...

First Settlement

Seaman Juan Díaz de Solís, navigating in the name of Spain, was the first European to reach the Río de la Plata in 1516. His expedition was cut short when he was killed during an attack by the native Charrúa tribe in what is now Uruguay. Juan Díaz de Solís, (Lebrija, Seville, 1470 – Rio de la Plata, 1516), Spanish navigator and explorer. ... This page is about the South American estuary. ... Formerly a tribe in southern South America, the Charrua were slowly killed and integrated into the prevailing cultures of Uruguay and southern Brazil following the arrival of European settlers. ...

The city of Buenos Aires was first established as Ciudad de Nuestra Señora Santa María del Buen Ayre^[1] (literally "City of Our Lady Saint Mary of the Fair Winds") on February 2, 1536 by a Spanish expedition led by Pedro de Mendoza. The city founded by Mendoza was located in what is today the San Telmo district of Buenos Aires, south of the city center. is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1536 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ... Pedro de Mendoza (1487–1537) was a Spanish conquistador, and the first adelantado of the Río de la Plata. ... Street performers in San Telmo San Telmo in the map of Buenos Aires San Telmo (St Pedro González Telmo) is one of the oldest barrios (neighborhoods) of Buenos Aires, Argentina and also one of the best preserved areas of that constantly changing Argentine metropolis, with a number of colonial...

More attacks by the indigenous peoples forced the settlers away, and in 1541 the site was abandoned. A second (and permanent) settlement was established in 1580 by Juan de Garay, who arrived by sailing down the Paraná River from Asunción (now the capital of Paraguay). Juan de Garay (born in 1528 in Orduña, Spain - died near the River Plate in 1583) was an Spanish conquistador. ... The sun rising over the Paraná River, from the north-east of Rosario, Argentina. ... This article is about the capital city of Paraguay. ...

Colonial History

From its earliest days, the success of Buenos Aires depended on trade. During most of the 17th and 18th centuries, Spain insisted that all trade to Europe pass through Lima, Peru so that taxes could be collected. This scheme frustrated the traders of Buenos Aires, and a thriving contraband industry developed. Unsurprisingly, this also instilled a deep resentment in porteños towards Spanish authorities.^[1] This article is about Lima, Peru. ... Porteño is the Spanish demonym for those born in the Argentine city of Buenos Aires. ...

Sensing these feelings, Charles III of Spain progressively eased the trade restrictions and finally declared Buenos Aires an open port in the late 1700s. The capture of Porto Bello by British forces also fueled the need to foster commerce via the Atlantic route, to the detriment of Lima-based trade. Charles's placating actions did not have the desired effect; and the porteños, some of them versed in the ideology of the French revolution, became even more desirous of independence from Spain. Charles III of Spain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Portobelo (formerly Puerto Bello) is a port in Panama. ... The French Revolution (1789–1815) was a period of political and social upheaval in the political history of France and Europe as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on...

During the British invasions of the Río de la Plata, British forces attacked Buenos Aires twice, in 1806 and 1807, but were repelled both times by local militias. Ultimately, on May 25, 1810, while Spain was occupied with the Peninsular War, and after a week of mostly pacific demonstrations, the criollo citizens of Buenos Aires successfully ousted the Spanish Viceroy and established a provisional government. May 25 is now celebrated as a national holiday (May Revolution Day). Formal independence from Spain was later declared in 1816. The British invasions of the Río de la Plata (Spanish: Invasiones Inglesas al Río de la Plata) were a series of unsuccessful British attempts at military control of the Spanish colonies located around the Río de la Plata basin in South America, between 1806 and 1807, as... is the 145th day of the year (146th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... For the 1862 American Civil War campaign, see Peninsula Campaign. ... In the Spanish colonial caste system (castas), a criollo was a person of unmixed Spanish ancestry born in the colonies. ... A viceroy is a royal official who governs a country or province in the name of and as representative of the monarch. ... La Revolución de Mayo (the May Revolution) was the first attempt at independence in the Viceroyalty of the River Plate, which contains present-day Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay. ...

Historically, Buenos Aires has been Argentina's main venue for liberal and free-trade ideas, while many of the provinces, especially to the Northwest, advocated a more conservative Catholic approach to political and social issues. Much of the internal tension in Argentina's history, starting with the centralist-federalist conflicts of the 19th century, can be traced back to these contrasting views. In the months immediately following the May 25 Revolution, Buenos Aires sent a number of military envoys to the provinces with the intention of obtaining their approval. Many of these missions ended in violent clashes, and the enterprise fueled the tensions between the capital and the provinces.

In the 19th century the city was blockaded twice by naval forces: by the French from 1838 to 1840, and later by a joint Anglo-French expedition from 1845 to 1848. Both blockades failed to force the city into submission, and the foreign powers eventually desisted from their demands. A blockade is any effort to prevent supplies, troops, information or aid from reaching an opposing force. ...

Modern History

Buenos Aires city centre in 1920

The construction of skyscrapers began in the 19th century.

During most of the 19th century, the political status of the city remained a sensitive subject. It was already capital of Buenos Aires Province, and between 1853 and 1860 it was the capital of the seceded State of Buenos Aires. The issue was debated more than once on the battlefield, until the matter was finally settled in 1880 when the city was federalised and became the seat of government, with its Mayor appointed by the President. The Casa Rosada became the seat of the office of the President. The Buenos Aires province (IPA: , Spanish: Provincia de Buenos Aires) is the wealthiest and most populated province of Argentina. ... Government After years of post-World War II instability, Argentina is today a fully functioning democracy. ... Federalisation is a term which in Argentine law defines the process of assigning federal status to a territory, with the purpose of making that territory the national capital. ... The Casa Rosada La Casa Rosada (Spanish for the Pink House), officially known as the Casa de Gobierno (Government House), is the official seat of the executive branch of the government of Argentina. ... The President of Argentina (full title: President of the Argentine Nation, Spanish: Presidente de la Nación Argentina) is the head of state of Argentina. ...

In addition to the wealth generated by the fertile pampas, railroad construction in the second half of the 19th century increased the economic power of Buenos Aires as raw materials flowed into its factories; Buenos Aires became a multicultural city that ranked itself with the major European capitals. The Colón Theater became one of the world's top opera venues. The city's main avenues were built during those years, and the dawn of the 20th century saw the construction of South America's then-tallest buildings and first underground system. Night shot of the Colon Theatre in Buenos Aires, Argentina The present Colón Theater (Spanish:Teatro Colón) in Buenos Aires, Argentina is one of the most famous opera houses in the world. ... Vintage subway entrance on original Line A on Avenida de Mayo The Buenos Aires Metro (locally known as Subte, from subterráneo, Spanish for underground) is a mass-transit network that serves the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. ...

By the 1920s Buenos Aires was a favoured destination for immigrants from Europe, as well as from Argentina's provinces and neighbouring countries. Shanty towns (villas miseria) started growing around the city's industrial areas, leading to extensive social problems which contrasted sharply with Argentina's image as a country of riches. Buenos Aires was the cradle of Peronism: the now-mythical demonstration of October 17, 1945 took place in Plaza de Mayo.^[2] Industrial workers of the Greater Buenos Aires industrial belt have been Peronism's main support base ever since, and Plaza de Mayo became the site for demonstrations and many of the country's political events. Joe Slovo shanty town in Langa on the Cape Flats simmers after a fire (Cape Town, South Africa) Shanty town near Tijuana, Mexico. ... Homes in a villa miseria in Rosario. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... Overview of Plaza de Mayo The Plaza de Mayo (Spanish: May Square) is the main square in downtown Buenos Aires, Argentina; it is flanked by Hipólito Yrigoyen, Balcarce, Rivadavia and Bolívar streets. ...

On June 16, 1955, a splinter faction of the Navy bombed the Plaza de Mayo area, killing 364 civilians (see Bombing of Plaza de Mayo). This was the only time the city was attacked from the air; this event was followed by a military uprising which deposed President Perón three months later (see Revolución Libertadora). is the 167th day of the year (168th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ... The bombing of Plaza de Mayo is an event in Argentine history. ... The Revolución Libertadora (Spanish, Liberating Revolution) was a military uprising that ended the second presidential term of Juan Domingo Perón in Argentina, in 1955. ...

In the 1970s, the city suffered from the fighting between left-wing revolutionary movements (Montoneros, E.R.P. and F.A.R.) and the right-wing paramilitary group Triple A, supported by Isabel Perón, who became president of Argentina in 1974 after Juan Perón's death. Official logo of Montoneros The Movimiento Peronista Montonero was an Argentinian radical leftist nationalist-catholic guerrilla group, active during the 1970s. ... ERP Flag The Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP) was the military branch of the communist PRT (Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores, or Workers Revolutionary Party) in Argentina. ... The Federal Acquisition Regulations, usually referred to as the FAR (or sometimes F.A.R.), are a series of regulations issued by the U.S. federal government that concern the requirements of contractors for selling to the government, the terms under which the government obtains ownership, title and control of... In politics, right-wing, the political right, or simply the right, are terms which refer, with no particular precision, to the segment of the political spectrum in opposition to left-wing politics. ... The Argentine Anticommunist Alliance (Spanish: , usually known as Triple A or AAA) was a far-right death squad active in Argentina during the mid-1970s, particularly active under Isabel Peróns rule (1974-1976). ... President Perón giving a speech María Estela Martínez de Perón (born on February 4, 1931, in La Rioja, Argentina) better known as Isabel Martínez de Perón would become the third wife of Argentine President Juan Perón and serve as President of Argentina in...

The military coup of 1976, led by Jorge Rafael Videla, only escalated this conflict; the "Dirty War" resulted in 30,000 desaparecidos (people kidnapped and killed by the military during the years of the junta).^[3] The silent marches of their mothers (Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo) are a well-known image of Argentines suffering during those times. A coup détat, or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. ... Jorge Rafael Videla Redondo (born August 21, 1925 in Mercedes, Buenos Aires) was the de facto President of Argentina from 1976 to 1981. ... Poster by the Madres de la Plaza de Mayo NGO with photos of disappeared. This article especially refers to the Argentine dirty war; however, the term has been used in other contexts, for example in Morocco; see also lead years. ... Desaparecidos means literally the disappeared in Spanish, and is a reference to people who were arrested, often illegally, by various South American military governments and then vanished. ... The white shawl of the Mothers, painted on the ground in Plaza de Mayo, Buenos Aires. ...

The city was visited by Pope John Paul II twice: in 1982, due to the outbreak of the Falklands War (Spanish: Guerra de las Malvinas/Guerra del Atlántico Sur), and a second visit in 1987, which gathered crowds never before seen in the city. John Paul II (Latin: , Italian: , Polish: ) born   IPA: ; 18 May 1920 – 2 April 2005) reigned as the 264th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church and Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City from 16 October 1978, until his death, almost 27 years later. ... Belligerents Argentina United Kingdom Commanders President Leopoldo Galtieri Vice-Admiral Juan Lombardo Brigadier-General Ernesto Crespo Brigade-General Mario Menéndez Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher Admiral Sir John Fieldhouse Rear-Admiral John “Sandy” Woodward Major-General Jeremy Moore Casualties and losses 649 killed 1,068 wounded 11,313 taken prisoner...

On March 17, 1992 a bomb exploded in the Israeli Embassy, killing 29 and injuring 242. Another explosion on July 18, 1994 destroyed a building housing several Jewish organizations, killing 85 and injuring many more. is the 76th day of the year (77th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... The Israeli Embassy attack in Buenos Aires was a bomb attack against Israels embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina on March 17, 1992. ... is the 199th day of the year (200th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) The year 1994 was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by the United Nations. ... The AMIA Bombing was an attack on the Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina (Argentine Israelite Mutual Association, or AMIA) building in Buenos Aires on July 18, 1994, that killed 85 people. ... For other uses, see Jew (disambiguation). ...

On December 30, 2004, a fire at the República Cromagnon nightclub killed almost 200 people, one of the greatest non-natural tragedies in Argentine history. is the 364th day of the year (365th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Relatives of the deceased in the fire light candles in a public protest against the perceived lack of control by the government. ...

Government and politics

Government structure

Argentina's Parliament (Congreso Nacional) in Buenos Aires city

The Executive of the city is held by the Chief of Government ("Jefe de Gobierno"), who is directly elected for a four-year term, together with a Deputy Chief, who presides over the 60-member Legislature. For other uses, see City (disambiguation). ... Look up policy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Each member of the Legislature is elected for a four year term; half of the Legislature is renewed every two years. Elections use the D'Hondt method. The Judicial branch is composed of the Supreme Court of Justice (Tribunal Superior de Justicia), the Magistrate's Council (Consejo de la Magistratura), the Public Ministry, and other City Courts. The DHondt method (mathematically but not operationally equivalent to Jeffersons method, and Budder-Ofer method) is a highest averages method for allocating seats in party-list proportional representation. ...

In legal terms, the city enjoys less autonomy than the provinces. The national Judiciary determine the autonomy of the city's Judiciary with regards to common law, while the national Executive branch controls the city’s police. This article is about law in society. ... A province is a territorial unit, almost always a country subdivision. ...

Beginning in 2007, the city has embarked on a new decentralization scheme, creating new communes (comunas) managed by a seven-person elected committee.

Article 61 of the 1996 Constitution of the City of Buenos Aires states that "Suffrage is free, equal, secret, universal, compulsory and non-accumulative. Resident aliens enjoy this same right, with its corresponding obligations, on equal terms with Argentine citizens registered in the district, under the terms established by law." ^[4]

Recent political history

Casa Rosada in Buenos Aires

In 1996, following the 1994 reform of the Argentine Constitution, the city held its first mayoral elections under the new statutes, with the mayor's title formally changed to "Chief of Government". The winner was Fernando de la Rúa, who would later become President of Argentina for the period 1999 to 2001. The 1994 reform to the Argentine Constitution was approved on 22 August, as a result of the Olivos Pact between by that time president of Argentina Carlos Saúl Menem, and the former president and leader of the opposition Raúl Alfonsín. ... Fernando de la Rúa Bruno (born September 15, 1937) is an Argentine politician. ...

De la Rúa's successor, Aníbal Ibarra, won two popular elections, but was impeached (and ultimately deposed on March 6, 2006) as a result of the fire at the República Cromagnon nightclub. Jorge Telerman, who had been the acting mayor, was invested with the office. In the 2007 elections, Mauricio Macri won the second-round of voting over Daniel Filmus, and the office on December 9, 2007. Aníbal Ibarra Aníbal Ibarra (born 1958-03-01) is an Argentine lawyer and politician from Lomas de Zamora, a district located in the southern region of Gran Buenos Aires. ... Depiction of the impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson, then President of the United States, in 1868. ... is the 65th day of the year (66th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... República Cromagnon (Spanish for Cro-Magnon Republic) is a nightclub in Buenos Aires, Argentina. ... Jorge Telerman (born November 29, 1956 in Buenos Aires) is an Argentine politician, currently the Chief of Government (Mayor) of the city of Buenos Aires. ... Mauricio Macri Mauricio Macri (born 8 February 1959) is an Argentine politician. ... An example of runoff voting. ... Daniel Fernando Filmus is an Argentine politician and academic, currently Secretary of Education, Science and Technology in the government of President Néstor Kirchner. ... is the 343rd day of the year (344th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ...

National representation

Buenos Aires is represented in the Argentine Senate by three senators (as of December 2007: María Eugenia Estenssoro, Samuel Cabanchik and Daniel Filmus).^[5] The people of Buenos Aires also elect 25 national deputies to the Argentine Chamber of Deputies. The Argentine Senate is the upper house of parliament in Argentina. ... Daniel Fernando Filmus is an Argentine politician and academic, currently Secretary of Education, Science and Technology in the government of President Néstor Kirchner. ... The Chamber of Deputies is the lower house of the National Congress, Argentinas parliament. ...

Demographics

See also: Demographics of Argentina

Buenos Aires inhabitants by neighbourhood

The city's population density is about 15,000/km² (38,800/sq mi).

Population growth since 1740

This article is about the demographics features of the population of Argentina, including distribution, ethnicity, economic status and other. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (921x573, 11 KB) Population of Buenos Aires, Argentina 1740 to 2010 based on data from the German Wikipedia. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (921x573, 11 KB) Population of Buenos Aires, Argentina 1740 to 2010 based on data from the German Wikipedia. ...

Census data

As of the census of 2001, there are 12,129,819 people residing in the city and 31 surrounding districts, making Buenos Aires home to one in three Argentines^[6]. Population density is over 13,600 inhabitants per square kilometer (34,700/sq mi) in Buenos Aires proper; but, only 2,400 per sq km (6,100 per sq mi) in the suburbs. The racial makeup of the city is White 88.9%, Black 2% or of African descent, Mestizo 7%, and Asian 2.1% .^[7] Gran Buenos Aires or Greater Buenos Aires is the metropolitan area next to the city of Buenos Aires and comprises the following 24 partidos (administrative subdivisions) of the Province of Buenos Aires. ... This article is about the color. ... Mestizo is a Spanish term that was formerly used in the Spanish Empire and continues to be used today in Latin America to refer to people of mixed European (Spaniard) and Amerindian ancestry living in the region of Latin America. ... Asian may refer to: Asian people - The people from Asia. ...

The population of Buenos Aires proper has hovered around 3 million since 1947, due to low birth rates and a slow migration to the suburbs. The surrounding districts have, however, expanded over five-fold (to about 9 million) since then.^[8]

Origin

See also: Immigration in Argentina

The majority of porteños have European origins, with Italian and Spanish descent being the most common, from and the Calabrian, Ligurian, Piedmont, Lombardy and Neapolitan regions of Italy and from the Galician, Asturian, and Basque regions of Spain^[9] Non-native population in Argentina, 1869–1991 There is a theory that the original inhabitants of Argentina were descendants of Asian peoples that crossed the Bering Land Bridge into North America and then, over thousands of years, reached the southern end of South America. ... Porteño is the Spanish demonym for those born in the Argentine city of Buenos Aires. ... For other uses, see Calabria (disambiguation). ... Liguria is a coastal region of north-western Italy, the third smallest of the Italian regions. ... For other uses, see Piedmont (disambiguation). ... For the village of the same name in Ontario, Canada, see Lombardy, Ontario. ... Location of the city of Naples (red dot) within Italy. ... Galicia (Spain) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Anthem: Asturias, patria querida Capital Oviedo Official language(s) Spanish; Asturian has special status Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 10th  10,604 km²  2. ... Pays Basque) see Northern Basque Country. ...

Other European origins include German, Irish, Portuguese, French, Croatian, English and Welsh. In the 1990s, there was a small wave of immigration from Romania and Ukraine^[10] There is a minority of old criollo stock, dating back to the Spanish colonial days. The Criollo and Spanish-aboriginal (mestizo) population in the city has increased mostly as a result of migration, from countries such as Bolivia, Peru and Paraguay, since the second half of the 20th century. For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... This article is about the country. ... In the Spanish colonial caste system (castas), a criollo was a person of unmixed Spanish ancestry born in the colonies. ... Mestizo is a Spanish term that was formerly used in the Spanish Empire and continues to be used today in Latin America to refer to people of mixed European (Spaniard) and Amerindian ancestry living in the region of Latin America. ...

Important Syrian-Lebanese and Armenian communities have had a significant presence in commerce and civic life since the beginning of the 20th century.

The Jewish community in Greater Buenos Aires numbers around 250,000, and is the largest in Latin America. Most are of Northern and Eastern European Ashkenazi origin, primarily Russian and Polish Jews, with a significant Sephardic minority, mostly made up of Syrian Jews^[11] The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ... Gran Buenos Aires or Greater Buenos Aires is the metropolitan area next to the city of Buenos Aires and comprises the following 24 partidos (administrative subdivisions) of the Province of Buenos Aires. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim (אַשְׁכֲּנָזִי אַשְׁכֲּנָזִים Standard Hebrew, AÅ¡kanazi,AÅ¡kanazim, Tiberian Hebrew, ʾAÅ¡kănāzî, ʾAÅ¡kănāzîm, pronounced sing. ... In the strictest sense, a Sephardi (ספרדי, Standard Hebrew Səfardi, Tiberian Hebrew Səp̄ardî; plural Sephardim: ספרדים, Standard Hebrew Səfardim, Tiberian Hebrew Səp̄ardîm) is a Jew original to the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal: ספרד, Standard Hebrew Səfárad, Tiberian Hebrew Səp̄áraḏ / Səp̄āraḏ), or whose ancestors were among the Jews expelled from... A Jewish family in Damascus, pictured in their ancient Damascene home, in Ottoman Syria, 1901. ...

The first major East Asian community in Buenos Aires was the Japanese, mainly from Okinawa. Traditionally, Japanese-Argentines were noted as flower growers; in the city proper, there was a Japanese near-monopoly in dry cleaning. Later generations have branched out into all fields of economic activity. Starting in the 1970s there has been an important influx of immigration from China and Korea, the latter known mostly for small, family-owned supermarkets. For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... This article is about the prefecture. ... For other uses, see Flower (disambiguation). ... Dry cleaning is any cleaning process for clothing and textiles using an organic solvent other than water — generally known as dry cleaning fluid, and typically this is tetrachloroethylene. ... This article is about the Korean civilization. ...

Metropolitan Cathedral of Buenos Aires

Barrios

Main article: Barrios of Buenos Aires

The city is divided into 48 barrios (neighbourhoods) for administrative purposes.^[12] The division was originally based on Catholic parroquias (parishes), but has undergone a series of changes since the 1940s. A newer scheme has divided the city into 15 comunas (communes).^[13] The city of Buenos Aires is divided in 47 barrios: Agronomía Almagro Balvanera Barracas Belgrano Boedo Caballito Chacarita Coglhan Colegiales Constitución Flores Floresta La Boca La Paternal Liniers Mataderos Monte Castro Montserrat Nueva Pompeya Nuñez Palermo Parque Avellaneda Parque Chacabuco Parque Chas Parque Patricios Recoleta Retiro Saavedra... Look up barrios in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A parish is a type of administrative subdivision. ...

Religion

Most inhabitants are Roman Catholic. Buenos Aires is the seat of a Roman Catholic metropolitan archbishop (who is the primate of Argentina) Catholic Church redirects here. ... In hierarchical Christian churches, the rank of metropolitan bishop, whose incumbent is usually called simply a metropolitan, apertains to the bishop of a metropolis; that is, the chief city of an old Roman province, ecclesiastical province, or regional capital. ... Primate (from the Latin Primus, first) is a title or rank bestowed on some bishops in certain Christian churches. ...

Geography

Satellite image of Río de la Plata

The limits of the City of Buenos Aires are determined in the eastern part and north-east by the Rio de la Plata, in the southern part and southeast by the Riachuelo and to the northwest, west and Southwest by Avenida General Paz, highway of 24 km from extension that separates the province of Buenos Aires from the city. Download high resolution version (900x700, 134 KB) from [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (900x700, 134 KB) from [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The term Rio de la Plata may refer to the following: Rio de la Plata, a river in the U.S. Territory of Puerto Rico River Plate, an Estuary in South America This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ... Riachuelo may refer to: Argentina Riachuelo Paranacito -> Paranacito, Entre Ríos Province Villa Riachuelo, Buenos Aires Riachuelo, = Rio Matanza, Matanza River, Buenos Aires Brazil Riachuelo, Sergipe (inhabited place) Chile Riachuelo, Los Lagos Uruguay Riachuelo, Uruguay (Colonia Department) Riachuelo Creek (arroyo) This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that... Gral. ... For other uses, see Highway (disambiguation). ... Categories: Argentine provinces | Buenos Aires province | Argentina geography stubs ...

Buenos Aires city lies in the pampa region, except some zones like the Buenos Aires Ecological Reserve, the Sports City of Athletic Club Boca Juniors, Aeroparque Jorge Newbery, or the neighborhood of Puerto Madero, because they are emerged artificially by means of the landfill of the coasts of Rio de la Plata. This article is about the lowland plains in South America. ... Boca Juniors redirects here. ... Aeroparque Jorge Newbery (IATA airport code: AEP) is the main airport for domestic flights in Buenos Aires, Argentina. ... Puerto Madero, Buenos Aires Womens Bridge in Puerto Madero, Buenos Aires Hilton Hotel and River View towers in Puerto Madero Puerto Madero is a neighborhood, or barrio, of the Argentine capital, Buenos Aires, which occupies a significant portion of the Río de la Plata riverbank. ... The term Rio de la Plata may refer to the following: Rio de la Plata, a river in the U.S. Territory of Puerto Rico River Plate, an Estuary in South America This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ...

The region was formerly crossed by different creeks and lagoons, some of which were refilled and other tubed. Among the most important creeks are: Maldonado, Vega, Medrano, Cildañez and White. In 1908 many creeks were channeled and rectified, as floods were damaging the city's infrastructure. Starting in 1919, most creeks were enclosed. Notably, the Maldonado was tubed in 1954, and currently runs below Juan B. Justo avenue. Look up Creek in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This mid bay barrier in Narrabeen, a suburb of Sydney (Australia), has blocked what used to be a bay to form a lagoon. ... Year 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar). ...

Climate

Further information: Climate of Argentina

The city has a humid subtropical climate ("Cfa" by Köppen classification). The average year temperature is 17.6 °C. The city gets 1147mm of rainfall per year. The average high temperatures rangs from 30,4°C (87 °F) in January, to 14,9°C (58ºC) in Winter (1981-1990 period)^[14]. Rain can be expected at any time of year and hailstorms are not unusual. The humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and chilly to mild winters. ... Köppen climate map The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. ... A millimetre (American spelling: millimeter), symbol mm is an SI unit of length that is equal to one thousandth of a metre. ... In meteorology, precipitation is any kind of water that falls from the sky as part of the weather. ...

The lowest temperature ever recorded in central Buenos Aires (Buenos Aires Central Observatory) was -5.4 °C (22.3 °F) on July 9, 1918^[15]. The highest temperature ever recorded was 43.3 °C (109.9 °F) on January 29, 1957^[16]. is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday[1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar). ...

The last snowfall (see July 2007 Argentine winterstorm) occurred recently on July 9, 2007 when the entry of a massive polar cold snap made as a result the worst winter of Argentina in almost thirty years, where severe snowfalls and blizzards affected the country. It was the first major snowfall in the city in 89 years^[17] (since June 22, 1918^[18]). is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... Cold snap is used in two ways to describe climate: A cold snap is a geological term for a period of intensely cold and dry weather, often occurring during an Ice Age. ... For other uses, see Winter (disambiguation). ... This page is about the form of precipitation. ... This article is about the winter storm condition. ... is the 173rd day of the year (174th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday[1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Many locals leave Buenos Aires during the hot summer months (December, January and February) and head for seaside resorts on the Atlantic coast. Atlantic and North Atlantic redirect here. ...

Panorama of Buenos Aires Waterfront seen from the River Plate.

River Plate can refer to: Río de la Plata, known to a large proportion of English speakers as River Plate — a large estuary between Argentina and Uruguay Club Atlético River Plate, an Argentinian football (soccer) team Estadio Monumental Antonio Vespucio Liberti, also known as River Plate Stadium, in...

Economy

Buenos Aires Stock Exchange

Buenos Aires is the financial, industrial, commercial, and cultural hub of Argentina. Its port is one of the busiest in South America; navigable rivers by way of the Rio de la Plata connect the port to north-east Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay. As a result it serves as the distribution hub for a vast area of the south-eastern region of the South American continent. Tax collection related to the port has caused many political problems in the past. The Buenos Aires Stock Exchange (Spanish, Bolsa de Comercio de Buenos Aires) or BCBA, is the organisation responsible for the operation of Argentinas primary stock exchange. ... For other uses, see Port (disambiguation). ... This article is about the history of Argentina. ...

The economy in the city proper alone, measured by Gross Geographic Product (excluding taxes and not adjusted for purchasing parity), totalled US$ 50.2 billion (US$ 16,580 per capita) in 2006 ^[20] and amounts to nearly a fourth of Argentina's as a whole.^[21] Metro Buenos Aires, according to one well-quoted study, constitutes the 13th largest economy among the world's cities.^[22] The Buenos Aires Human Development Index (0.923 in 1998) is likewise high by international standards.^[23]

To the west of Buenos Aires is the Pampa Húmeda, the most productive agricultural region of Argentina (as opposed to the dry southern Pampa, mostly used for cattle farming). Meat, dairy, grain, tobacco, wool and hide products are processed or manufactured in the Buenos Aires area. Other leading industries are automobile manufacturing, oil refining, metalworking, machine building, and the production of textiles, chemicals, clothing, and beverages. The Humid Pampa (Spanish: Pampa Húmeda) is an extensive region of flat, fertile grassland of loessic origin in Argentina. ... This article is about the lowland plains in South America. ... For general information about the genus, including other species of cattle, see Bos. ...

Culture

Teatro Colón (Colón Theatre)

Strongly influenced by European culture, Buenos Aires is sometimes referred to as the "Paris of South America".^[24][1] Image File history File links TeatroColon. ... Image File history File links TeatroColon. ... The Culture of Europe might better be described as a series of overlapping cultures of Europe. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ...

Buenos Aires is the site of the Teatro Colón, one of the world's greatest opera houses.^[25] It is closed for renovations until at least 2010. There are several symphony orchestras and choral societies. The city has numerous museums related to history, fine arts, modern arts, decorative arts, popular arts, sacred art, arts and crafts, theatre and popular music, as well as the preserved homes of noted art collectors, writers, composers and artists. It has many public libraries and cultural associations as well as the largest concentration of active theatres in Latin America^{[citation needed]}. It has a world-famous zoo and Botanical Garden, a large number of landscaped parks and squares, as well as churches and places of worship of many denominations, many of which are architecturally noteworthy.^[25] Opened in 1908, the Col n Theater in Buenos Aires, Argentina is one of the most famous opera houses in the world. ... For other uses, see Opera (disambiguation). ... Orchestra at City Hall (Edmonton). ... Buenos Aires Zoo The Buenos Aires Zoo covers 18 hectares in the neighbourhood of Palermo in Buenos Aires, Argentina. ... The Buenos Aires Botanical Garden (Spanish official name Jardín Botánico Carlos Thays de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires) is the Botanical Garden of Buenos Aires, Argentina. ...

Language

Street in the Buenos Aires CBD.

Known as Rioplatense Spanish, Buenos Aires' Spanish (and also in other cities like Rosario and Montevideo,