Buhen was an ancient Egyptian settlement situated below the Second Cataract. It is well known for its fortress, probably constructed during the rule of Sesostris III, around the year 1860 BC (12th dynasty). The site may have been first established as an outpost in Nubia during the reign of Sneferu (4th dynasty). Grafitti and other inscribed items from the site show that the Egyptians stayed about 200 years, until late in the 5th dynasty, when they were probably forced out by immigration from the south. Map of Ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt was the civilization of the Nile Valley between about 3000 BC and the conquest of Egypt by Alexander the Great in 332 BC. As a civilization based on irrigation it is the quintessential example of an hydraulic empire. ... The six cataracts of the Nile There are six classical Cataracts of the Nile between Aswan and Khartoum, counted upstream. ... Fortifications (Latin fortis, strong, and facere, to make) are military constructions designed for defensive warfare. ... nomen or birth name Senusret III was a pharaoh of Egypt. ... Jump to: navigation, search Known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the Twelfth Dynasty. ... Today Nubia is the region in the south of Egypt, along the Nile and in northern Sudan, but in ancient times it was an independent kingdom. ... Sneferu, also spelt as Snefru or Snofru (in Greek known as Soris), was the founder of the Fourth dynasty of Egypt, reigning from around 2613 BC to 2589 BC. The father of Egypts most famous pyramid builder, Khufu, Sneferu was actually more prolific than his heir, being responsible first... The Fourth dynasty of Egypt was the second of the four dynasties considered forming the Old Kingdom. ... The Fifth Dynasty of Egypt is considered part of the Old Kingdom of Ancient Egypt. ...

Sesostris III conducted four campaigns into Kush and established a line of forts within signalling distance of one another; Buhen was the northernmost of these. The other forts along the banks were Mirgissa, Shalfak, Uronarti, Askut, Dabenarti, Semna, and Kumma. The Kushites captured Buhen during the 13th dynasty, and held it until Ahmose I recaptured it at the beginning of the 18th dynasty. It was stormed and recaptured by indigenous forces at the end of Egypt's 20th dynasty. Jump to: navigation, search Aerial view of the pyramids at Meroe Kush or Cush was an African civilization south of Ancient Egypt in Nubia, which is located in the modern day North African nation of Sudan. ... Semna can refer to: Semna, a city in ancient Nubia above the second cataract Semna, one of the 12 members of the Circle of the Codex This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Unlike as explained as being chaos and disorder by later texts, the Thriteenth dynasty wasnt as bad as once thought. ... Jump to: navigation, search nomen or birth name Ahmose I (also known as Amasis I) was a pharaoh of ancient Egypt and the founder of the Eighteenth dynasty. ... The Eighteenth Dynasty is perhaps the most famous of all the dynasties of Ancient Egypt. ...

The fortress itself extended more than 150 metres along the West bank of the Nile. It covered 13,000 square metres, and had within its wall a small town laid out in a grid system. At its peak it probably had a population of around 3500 people. The fortress also included the administration for the whole fortified region of the Second Cataract. Its fortifications included a moat three metres deep, drawbridges, bastions, buttresses, ramparts, battlements, loopholes, and a catapult. The walls of the fort were about five metres thick and ten metres high. Jump to: navigation, search The metre or (in American English) meter (symbol: m) is the SI base unit of length. ... Jump to: navigation, search The metre or (in American English) meter (symbol: m) is the SI base unit of length. ... Drawbridge crossing fortification ditches at Fort Ticonderoga. ... The point of a bastion on a reconstructed French fort in Illinois. ... Jump to: navigation, search A buttress (and mostly concealed, a flying buttress) supporting walls at the Palace of Westminster Three different types of buttress: diagonal, on the statues plinth; an ordinary buttress supporting a flying buttress, to the right of the statue; a small ordinary buttress to the right... Rampart may mean: A type of defensive wall consisting of a low earthen embankment topped by a parapet or palisade. ... A battlement, in defensive architecture such as that of city walls or castles, comprises a parapet (i. ... The term loophole could refer to a number of things: See Embrasure; a slit in a castle wall Loophole (1954 movie) Loophole (1981 movie) for other meaning see Loophole at Wikionary Cash Loopholes ... Catapult may also be refered to Aircraft catapult Replica catapult at Château des Baux, France Catapults are siege engines using an arm to hurl a projectile a great distance. ...

The fortress at Buhen today has been covered by Lake Nasser created by the Aswan Dam in 1964. Before the site was covered with water, the site was excavated by a team led by Walter B. Emery. View of Lake Nasser from Abu Simbel Map showing the location of Lake Nasser Lake Nasser (Arabic: Buhayrat Nasir) is a vast artificial lake in southern Egypt and northern Sudan. ... Jump to: navigation, search Map of Egypt showing the location of Aswan and Lake Nasser Aswan is a city on the first cataract of the Nile in Egypt. ...

Buhen also boasted a temple of Horus built by Hatshepsut, which was moved to Khartoum prior to the flooding of Lake Nasser. Horus is an ancient god of Egyptian mythology, whose cult survived so long that he evolved dramatically over time and gained many names. ... Jump to: navigation, search A statue of Hatshepsut commissioned without the false beard. ... Map of Sudan with Khartoum Map of Khartoum with Ohmdurman and Bahri Khartoum (Arabic الخرطوم al-Ḫarṭūm elephant trunk) is the capital of Sudan, as well as the capital of the state of Khartoum. ...

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