Bulgarian St Stephen Church (image courtesy of monkeytravel.org)

The Bulgarian St Stephen Church (Sveti Stefan Kilisesi in Turkish) in Istanbul, also known as the Bulgarian Iron Church, is a Bulgarian Orthodox church in Istanbul, famous for being made of cast iron. Bulgarian St Stephen Church File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Bulgarian St Stephen Church File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey, and arguably the most important. ... The Bulgarian Orthodox Church is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church with some 6. ...

This church belongs to the Bulgarian minority. The Bulgarians of the Ottoman Empire used to pray at the churches of the Phanar Orthodox Patriarchy, but due to nationalistic movements, Bulgarians were allowed a national church in the 19th century. A church building (or simply church) is a building used in Christian worship. ... Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (the Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power (1683) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Sogut (1299-1326), Bursa (1326-1365), Edirne (1365-1453), Ä°stanbul (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanli Dynasty... The Ecumenical Patriarchate is the patriarchate of the Patriarch of Constantinople. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...

First, a small wooden church was erected on the shore of the Golden Horn between Balat and Fener squares (near Eyup district), where the current church is located, but later this was developed into a larger building. An iron frame was preferred to concrete reinforcement due to the weak ground conditions. The construction plans were prepared by Hovsep Aznavur, an Armenian of Istanbul origin. An international competition was conducted to produce the prefabricated parts of the church, won by an Austrian firm, R. Ph. Wagner. The prefabricated parts were produced in Vienna in 1893 -1896 and transported to Istanbul by ship through the Danube and the Black Sea. The Golden Horn from the southern or Constantinople shore, with the skyline of modern Istanbul on the far shore The Golden Horn (in Turkish Haliç, in Greek Khrysokeras or Chrysoceras or Χρυσοκερας) is an estuary dividing the city of Istanbul. ... Placing a concrete floor for a commercial building. ... Vienna (German: Wien [viːn]; Slovenian: Dunaj, Croatian and Serbian: Beč Romanian: Viena, Hungarian: Bécs, Czech: Vídeň, Slovak: Viedeň, Romany Vidnya;) Vienna is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... 1893 (MDCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Danube (German: Donau, Slovak: Dunaj, Hungarian: Duna, Slovenian: Donava, Croatian: Dunav, Serbian: Дунав/Dunav, Bulgarian: Дунав, Romanian: Dunăre, Ukrainian: , Latin: Danuvius, Turkish: Tuna) is Europes second-longest river (after the Volga). ... Map of the Black Sea. ...

After one and a half years work, the chuch was completed in 1898. The main skeleton of the church was made of steel and covered by metal boards. All the pieces were attached together with nuts, bolts, rivets or welding. The architectural styles come from the Neo-Gothic and Neo-Baroque periods. 1898 (MDCCCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The old steel cable of a colliery winding tower Steel is a metal alloy whose major component is iron, with carbon being the primary alloying material. ... Welding is a fabrication process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by causing coalescence. ... This article is about the built environment. ... Neo-gothic architecture is an American branch of the Gothic revival style that was imported from England in the 1830s. ... Adoration, by Peter Paul Rubens: dynamic figures spiral down around a void: draperies blow: a whirl of movement lit in a shaft of light, rendered in a free bravura handling of paint The Baroque was a style in art that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce...

St. Stephen was the product of 19th century experimentation with prefabricated iron churches. The British, who invented corrugated iron in 1829, manufactured portable iron churches to send to far-flung colonies like Australia. The Eiffel Tower's creator, French engineer Gustave Eiffel, designed iron churches that were sent as far as the Philippines and Peru. Now St Stephen is one of the world's few surviving prefabricated cast iron churches. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The Tower at sunrise The Eiffel Tower (French: Tour Eiffel; IPA pronunciation: , eye-full English; , eh-fehl French) is an iron tower built on the Champ de Mars, beside the River Seine in Paris. ... Gustave Eiffel A monument to Gustave Eiffel at the base of the Eiffel Tower Alexandre Gustave Eiffel (December 15, 1832 – December 27, 1923; French pronunciation in IPA, in English usually pronounced in the German manner ) was a French engineer and architect, specialist of metallic structures, famous for building the Eiffel...