It has been suggested that Workplace bullying be merged into this article or section. (Discuss)

For other uses, see Bully (disambiguation).

A bully is an individual who torments others through verbal harassment, physical assault, or other more subtle methods of coercion. Sad redirects here; for the three letter acronym, see SAD. Suffering is any unwanted condition and the corresponding negative emotion. ... Harassment refers to a wide spectrum of offensive behavior. ... Coercion is the practice of compelling a person to act by employing threat of harm (usually physical force, sometimes other forms of harm). ...

The behavior engaged in by bullies: bullying

In colloquial speech, bullying is most often used to describe a form of harassment perpetrated by someone who is in some way more powerful, physically or socially, than a weaker peer. A peer group is a group of people of approximately the same age, social status, and interests. ...

Researchers generally accept that bullying contains four essential elements:^[1]

1. the behavior is aggressive and negative;
2. the behavior is carried out repeatedly;
3. the behavior occurs in a relationship where there is an imbalance of power between the parties involved
4. the behavior is purposeful

Bullying is broken into two categories:^[2]

1. direct bullying
2. indirect bullying, also known as social aggression

Direct bullying is the form most common to male bullies.

Social aggression or indirect bullying is most common to female bullies and young children, and is characterized by forcing the victim into social isolation. This isolation is achieved through a wide variety of techniques, including:

• spreading gossip
• refusing to socialize with the victim
• bullying other people who wish to socialize with the victim
• criticizing the victim's manner of dress and other socially-significant markers (including the victim's race, religion, disability, etc).

Bullying can occur in situations including school or college/university, workplace, contact with neighbours, and between countries (see Jingoism). Whatever the situation, the power structure is typically evident between bully and victim. To those outside the conflict, it seems that the bully's power depends only upon the perception of the victim, with the victim being too intimidated to put up effective resistance. However, the victim usually has just cause to be afraid of the bully due to threats. Victim was the title of a British film made in 1961, directed by Basil Deardon and starring Dirk Bogarde and Sylvia Simms. ... Students in Rome, Italy. ... For the IBM collaboration software product, see IBM Workplace. ... This article describes a type of political entity. ... Jingoism is a term describing chauvinistic patriotism, usually with a hawkish political stance. ... Intimidation is the act of making others do what one wants through fear. ...

Characteristics of bullies

Research indicates that adults who bully have personalities that are authoritarian, combined with a strong need to control or dominate.^[3] It has also been suggested that a deficit in social skills and a prejudical view of subordinates can be particular risk factors.^[4] Dominance in the context of biology and anthropology is the state of having high social status relative to other individuals, who react submissively to dominant individuals. ... Social skills are skills a social animal uses to interact and communicate with others to assist status in the social structure and other motivations. ...

Further studies have shown that while envy and resentment may be motives for bullying,^[5] there is little evidence to suggest bullies suffer from any deficit in self esteem.^[6] In psychology, self-esteem or self-worth includes a persons subjective appraisal of himself or herself as intrinsically positive or negative to some degree (Sedikides & Gregg, 2003). ...

Other researchers have identified quickness to anger and use of force, addiction to aggressive behaviors, mistaking others' actions as hostile, concern with preserving self image, and engaging in obsessive or rigid actions. ^[7]

It is often suggested that bullying behavior has its origin in childhood:

"If aggressive behaviour is not challenged in childhood, there is a danger that it may become habitual. Indeed, there is research evidence, to indicate that bullying during childhood puts children at risk of criminal behaviour and domestic violence in adulthood."^[8]

Bullying does not necessarily involve criminality or violence. For example, bullying often operates through psychological or verbal abuse.

Types of bullying

Bullies mainly use a combination of intimidation and humiliation to torment others. The following are some examples of bullying techniques:

• Calling the victim names; accusing the victim of uselessness in all of his or her pursuits.
• Repeated physical assault on a person, be it to his or her body or property.
• Interfering with or damaging personal property that belongs to the victim.
• Making fun of an individual through these things in any way.
• Making sounds with the intent of causing the victim annoyance or distress (banging, whistling, etc.)
• Spreading negative rumours and/or gossip about the victim. In business, this may include false documentation.
• Demoting the victim without just cause.
• Making the victim do what he or she does not want to do, often by using threats to ensure that the victim follows orders.
• Getting a victim into trouble with someone (usually an authority figure), or incurring disciplinary action against the victim, for an indiscretion either not committed by the victim or for one exaggerated by the bully.
• Making derogatory remarks about a person's family (particularly the mother), about one's home, personal appearance, sexual orientation, religion, race, income level, nationality, or any other perceived difference the bully has taken notice of.
• Social isolation of the victim. See also clique.
• Sexual harassment

Less common techniques: An insult is a statement or action which affronts or demeans someone. ... Look up Gossip in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Wall Street, Manhattan is the location of the New York Stock Exchange and is often used as a symbol for the world of business. ... False documentation is the process of creating documents which record fictitious events. ... Sexual orientation describes the direction of an individuals sexuality, often in relation to their own sex or gender. ... A clique (pronounced ) is an informal and restricted social group formed by a number of people who share common interests - formal social groups are referred to as societies or organizations. ... Sexual harassment is harassment or unwelcome attention of a sexual nature. ...

• Cyberbullying, through the use of various information technologies.
• Blackmailing
• Domination staring.
• Derogatory graffiti.
• Using blatant sarcasm to appear as friendly (to an outsider) while asserting control and status over the victim. (This often occurs directly after the bully has deemed the person as a "worthy victim").

A new phenomena that involves bullying through means of communication devices, with the internet in particular. ...

Schools

In schools, bullying usually occurs in areas with minimal or no adult supervision. They can occur in nearly any part in or around the school building, though they more often occur in Gym/Physical Education, Exploratory Classes, Hallway, Bathroom, and/or classes that require group work.

An extreme case of school-yard bullying is that of an eighth grader named Curtis Taylor at a middle school in Iowa. He had been the victim of continuous bullying for three years, which included name-calling, being bashed into a locker, having chocolate milk poured down his sweatshirt and vandalism of his belongings. This drove him to suicide on March 21, 1993. Some bully experts have termed this extreme reaction "bullycide". Curtis Taylor was 14 years old at the time of his death on March 22, 1993. ... Suicide (from Latin sui caedere, to kill oneself) is the act of willfully ending ones own life. ... March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... This article or section is missing references or citation of sources. ...

In the 1990s, the United States saw an epidemic of school shootings (of which the most notorious was the Columbine High School massacre). Many of the children behind these shootings claimed that they were victims of bullying and that they resorted to violence only after the school administration repeatedly failed to intervene. In many of these cases, the victims of the shooters sued both the shooters' families and the schools. Staff and students evacuate Columbine High School shortly after the shooting. ... Violence refers to acts of aggression and abuse which causes or intends to cause criminal injury or harm to persons, and (to a lesser extent) animals and property. ...

As a result of these trends, schools in many countries strongly discourage bullying, with programs designed to teach students cooperation, as well as training peer moderators in intervention and dispute resolution techniques, as a form of peer support. Moderator, a Latin word for he who moderates, can refer to: Moderator provinciae was the title of certain Roman provincial governors Moderator is a Scots, and Scottish English, gender-neutral word that approximates chairman or convener. ... See: Intervention (counseling) - an orchestrated attempt by family and friends to get a family member to get help for addiction or other similar problem. ... It has been suggested that Adjudication be merged into this article or section. ... Peer support is a support initiative, normally within a school or university, to help pupils deal with issues such as bullying, stress, or other problems that they may come across while at school. ...

Since media coverage has exposed just how widespread bullying is, juries are now more likely to sympathize with victims. In recent years, many victims have been suing bullies directly for intentional infliction of emotional distress, and including their school as a defendant under the principle of joint and several liability. American victims and their families have other legal recourse, such as suing a school or teacher for failure to adequately supervise, civil rights violations, racial or gender discrimination or harassment, or other civil rights violations. Special education students who are victimized may sue a school or school board under the ADA or Section 504. Intentional infliction of emotional distress (IIED) is a common law tort claim for intentional conduct that results in extreme emotional distress. ... A defendant or defender is any party who is required to answer the complaint of a plaintiff or pursuer in a civil lawsuit before a court, or any party who has been formally charged or accused of violating a criminal statute. ... Civil rights or positive rights are those legal rights retained by citizens and protected by the government. ... This article is about discrimination in the social science sense. ... Look up ADA and Ada in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The 1973 Rehabilitation Act was an American piece of legislation that guaranteed certain rights to people with disabilities. ...

Workplace

Main article: Workplace bullying

Workplace bullying, like childhood bullying, is the tendency of individuals or groups to use aggressive or unreasonable behavior to achieve their ends. When perpetrated by a group, it is often called mobbing. Unlike the more physical form of schoolyard bullying, workplace bullies often operate within the established rules and policies of their organization and their society. For instance, a workplace bully might use the office's "rumor mill" to circulate a lie about a co-worker. An employee who dislikes a co-worker for personal reasons may incessantly criticize everything that co-worker does. Such actions are not necessarily illegal and may not even be against the firm's regulations. However, the damage they cause, both to the targeted employee and to workplace morale, is obvious. Workplace bullying, like childhood bullying, is the tendency of individuals or groups to use aggressive or unreasonable behavior to achieve their ends. ... Mobbing is a modern term for systematic bullying, harassment, or psychological terror, especially in schools and workplaces, whereby one person is ganged up on and stigmatized by peers and/or superiors for reasons that are not genuinely or justifiably known to most of those who are mobbing the victim. ...

According to the Workplace Bullying and Trauma Institute, workplace bullying is "the repeated mistreatment of one employee targeted by one or more employees with a malicious mix of humiliation, intimidation and sabotage of performance." Statistics show that bullying is 3 times as prevalent as illegal discrimination and at least 1,600 times as prevalent as workplace violence. Statistics also show that while only one employee in every 10,000 becomes a victim of workplace violence, one in six experiences bullying at work. Bullying is also far more common than sexual harassment and verbal abuse. This article is about discrimination in the social science sense. ... Violence refers to acts of aggression and abuse which causes or intends to cause criminal injury or harm to persons, and (to a lesser extent) animals and property. ... Sexual harassment is harassment or unwelcome attention of a sexual nature. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...

Cyberspace

Cyberbullying occurs in electronic space[9]. According to Canadian educator Bill Belsey, the creator of the term, it:

"involves the use of information and communication technologies such as e-mail, cell phone and pager text messages, instant messaging, defamatory personal Web sites, blogs, online games and defamatory online personal polling Web sites, to support deliberate, repeated, and hostile behaviour by an individual or group, that is intended to harm others".

Some times the bully will create a blog about the victim so they can intimidate the victim worldwide

See cyberbullying.org for more information.

Neighbourhood

Between neighbours, bullying normally takes the form of intimidating behaviour, such as excessive noise to disturb sleep and other normal living patterns, and reports to authorities, such as the police, for minor or made-up incidents. The purpose of this behaviour is to make the victim so uncomfortable that they move from their property. This is also known jurisdiction bullying.

Political

Bullying between countries occurs when one country imposes its will on another. This is normally done with military force or threats. With threats, it is common to ensure that aid and grants will not be given to the smaller country or that the smaller country will not be allowed to join a trading organisation. Often Political corruption and Kleptocracy are often the solution and response to the countries being bullied. Jingoism is a term describing chauvinistic patriotism, usually with a hawkish political stance. ... World map of the Corruption Perceptions Index In broad terms, political corruption is the misuse of public (governmental) power for illegitimate, usually secret, private advantage. ... Kleptocracy (sometimes Cleptocracy) (root: Klepto+cracy = rule by thieves) is a pejorative, informal term for a government so corrupt that no pretense of honesty remains. ...

Military

In 2000, the UK Ministry of Defence (MOD) defined bullying as: “...the use of physical strength or the abuse of authority to intimidate or victimize others, or to give unlawful punishments,”^[10]

Yet it is claimed that military bullying is still shielded from open investigation. Deepcut Barracks in the UK, is one example of the government refusing to conduct a full public enquiry to possible military bullying. Deepcut Barracks, officially called the Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, and formally known as Blackdown Barracks, are British Army barracks situated near Camberley, Surrey, England, and are the headquarters of the Royal Logistic Corps (RLC). ...

Some argue that this behaviour should be allowed because of a general academic consensus that "soldiering" is different from other occupations. Soldiers expected to risk their lives should, according to them, develop strength of body and spirit to accept bullying.^[11]

In some countries, ritual hazing among recruits has been tolerated and even lauded as a "rite of passage" that builds character and toughness; while in others, systematic bullying of lower-ranking, young or physically slight recruits may in fact be encouraged by military policy, either tacitly or overtly (see dedovschina). Also, the Russian army usually have older/more experienced candidates abusing - kicking or punching - less experienced soldiers.^[12]. Hazing is often ritualistic harassment, abuse or humiliation with requirements to perform meaningless tasks; sometimes as a way of initiation into a social group. ... Dedovshchina (Russian: ) is the name given to the informal system of subjugation of new junior recruits for the Russian armed services, MVD, and border guards to soldiers of the last year of service. ...

Nicknames (Play on names)

Normally a nickname is given to someone by a friend due to a feature or characteristic of the person. In some cases, this is a feature for which the victim does not want to be broadcasted, such as a mole or obscure shape of a body part. Teachers can catch on to this, but it is usually perceived as harmless, often because the jab is too subtle to recognize. // A nickname is a short, clever, cute, derogatory, or otherwise substitute name for a person or things real name (for example, Bob, Rob, Robby, Robbie, Robi, Bobby, Rab, Bert, Bertie, Butch, Bobbers, Bobert, Bobadito, Robban, (in Sweden), is short for Robert). ...

Nicknames mostly come from the targets habbits, looks or friends. Someone who has big ears might be called 'Dumbo' whereas someone with glasses will be called 'Four eyes'

Hazing, initiation rites, and group pressure

Hazing occurs when a group imposes its will on a recruit as a requirement of group inclusion. It has been defined and illegalized by many universities, because fraternities traditionally hazed their recruits with activities that included humiliation through capture, forced nudity, forced daredevil stunts, namecalling, and other forms of group pressure. Gangs have also been known to require initiation rites, the most famous being fulfilling a dare to commit a crime witnessed by other group members (to prove that the new recruit is not a police officer or law-abiding informer). This is not normally called hazing although it is closely related. Group pressure and groupthink occur when a group imposes its collective will against non-conformist members. A sports coach may yell in the faces of athletes, or spell out rules about drug-use but then look the other way to encourage steroid use for short-term winnings, or pressure athletes to conform to a group standard such as not having a social life outside of the team, or not accepting disabled or under-performing athletes into a university-based club that is supposed to be open to all. A company may discourage employees from reporting truthful information, but use coercive and covert means to avoid being criminalized for it. For example, employees who report correct numbers may be given signals to stop; or may simply be fired for some trivial complaint such as tardiness even though other employees are not disciplined equally. Hazing is often ritualistic harassment, abuse or humiliation with requirements to perform meaningless tasks; sometimes as a way of initiation into a social group. ...

Effects of bullying

Persistent bullying may have a number of effects on an individual, and in the environment where the action takes place.

Effects on the individual include:

• Reactive depression, a form of clinical depression or Post-traumatic stress disorder
• Anxiety
• Aches, pains and gastric problems
• Loss of self esteem
• Relationship problems
• long-term emotional problems
• Drug and alcohol abuse
• Self-harm or Suicide (also known as bullycide)
• Motivation to start or join a gang for protection, or becoming bullies themselves
• Moving to another place

Effects on a school include: Clinical depression is a state of sadness, melancholia or despair that has advanced to the point of being disruptive to an individuals social functioning and/or activities of daily living. ... Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a term for certain psychological consequences of exposure to, or confrontation with, stressful experiences that the person experiences as highly traumatic. ... Anxiety is a complex combination of emotions that includes fear, apprehension and worry, and is often accompanied by physical sensations such as palpitations, nausea, chest pain and/or shortness of breath. ... Self-harm (SH) is deliberate injury to ones own body. ... Suicide (from Latin sui caedere, to kill oneself) is the act of willfully ending ones own life. ... A gang is a group of individuals who share a common identity and, in current usage, engage in illegal activities. ...

• High levels of truancy
• Disrespect for teachers
• Weapon-carrying by children for protection
• Increase in dropout rate
• Legal action
  • Against the school or education authority
  • Against the bully's family

Effects on the organisation such as a workplace: Truancy (in Great Britain, colloquially known as bunking off, wagging, skiving or Mitching. ... This article is about law in society. ...

• Loss of morale
• High level of sick leave absence for depression, anxiety and backache
• High level of staff turnover
• Loss of profit, and decreased productivity
• Negative media attention or Legal action
  • Against the organisation for personal injury
  • Against the organisation and individual bully under discrimination laws

Effects on the jurisdiction: Morale is a term for the capacity of people to maintain belief in an institution or a goal. ... Clinical depression is a state of sadness, melancholia or despair that has advanced to the point of being disruptive to an individuals social functioning and/or activities of daily living. ... Anxiety is a complex combination of emotions that includes fear, apprehension and worry, and is often accompanied by physical sensations such as palpitations, nausea, chest pain and/or shortness of breath. ... Back pain is one of humanitys most frequent complaints and does not usually reflect any underlying disease. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... A lawsuit is a civil action brought before a court in which the party commencing the action, the plaintiff, seeks a legal remedy. ...

• Increased emigration, loss of population.
• Decreased incomes and economy, increased poverty rate.
• Lack of trust within the community.
• Increased discrimination: e.g. racism, sexism, homophobia.
• Loss of tourism
• Risks of war, genocide, and terrorism.
• Rise in crime rate.
• Loss of opportunities and employment.
• Political corruption

It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Immigration. ... Income, generally defined, is the money that is received as a result of the normal business activities of an individual or a business. ... World map showing Life expectancy. ... This article is about discrimination in the social science sense. ... An African-American man drinks out of the colored only water cooler at a racially segregated street car terminal in the United States in 1939. ... The sign of the headquarters of the National Association Opposed To Woman Suffrage Sexism is commonly considered to be discrimination and/or hatred against people based on their sex rather than their individual merits, but can also refer to any and all systemic differentiations based on the sex of the... The word homophobia means fear of, aversion to, or discrimination against homosexuality or homosexuals. ... El Nido, Philippines Tourism is the act of travel for the purpose of recreation and business, and the provision of services for this act. ... The United States detonated an atomic bomb over Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. ... Genocide is defined by the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG) Article 2 as any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, as such: Killing members of the group; Causing... This article is becoming very long. ... World map of the Corruption Perceptions Index In broad terms, political corruption is the misuse of public (governmental) power for illegitimate, usually secret, private advantage. ...

References

• ↑ The Harassed Worker, Brodsky, C. (1976), D.C. Heath and Company, Lexington, Massachusetts.
• ↑ Student Reports of Bullying, Results From the 2001 School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey, US National Center for Education Statistics
• ↑ Beat Bullying at Work: a Guide for Trade Union Representatives and Personnel Managers. Trades Union Congress (TUC) (1998), London, UK.
• ↑ Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace. International perspectives in research and practice, Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., Zapf, D., & Cooper, C. L. (Eds.)(2003), Taylor & Francis, London.
• ↑ Petty tyranny in organizations , Ashforth, Blake, Human Relations, Vol. 47, No. 7, 755-778 (1994)
• ↑ Areas of Expert Agreement on Identification of School Bullies and Victims, Hazler, R. J., Carney, J. V., Green, S., Powell, R., & Jolly, L. S. (1997). School Psychology International, 18, 3-12.
• ↑ Anti-Bullying Center Trinity College, Dublin,
• ↑ Bullies and their victims: Understanding a pervasive problem in the schools, Batsche, G. M., & Knoff, H. M. (1994) School PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW, 23 (2), 165-174. EJ 490 574.
• ↑ Military bullying a global problem, BBC, UK Monday, 28 November 2005
• ↑ The Values and Standards of the British Army – A Guide to Soldiers, Ministry of Defence, UK March 2000, paragraph 23.
• ↑ Social Psychology of the Individual Soldier, Jean M. Callaghan and Franz Kernic 2003 Armed Forces and International Security: Global Trends and Issues, Lit Verlag, Munster

D.C. Heath And Company is a small publishing company located at 125 Spring Street in Lexington, Massachusetts. ...

Books on Bullying

Non-Fiction

• The Fight That Never Ends by Tim Brown
• Bullycide, Death at Playtime by Neil Marr and Tim Field
• A Journey Out of Bullying: From Despair to Hope by Patricia L. Scott
• "Peer Abuse Know More! Bullying From A Psychological Perspective" By Elizabeth Bennett
• New Perspectives on Bullying by Ken Rigby
• Queen Bees And Wannabees : Helping Your Daughter Survive Cliques, Gossip, Boyfriends, And Other Realities Of Adolescence by Rosalind Wiseman
• Odd Girl Out : The Hidden Culture Of Aggression In Girls by Rachel Simmons
• My War With Brian: A Graphic Novel by Ted Rall

Ted Rall, born 1963 in Cambridge, Massachusetts and raised near Dayton, Ohio, is a liberal columnist and editorial cartoonist. ...

Fiction

• Cat's Eye by Margaret Atwood
• Carrie by Stephen King
• The Ruling Class by Francine Pascale
• One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest by Ken Kesey.
• The Eighteenth Emergency by Betsy Byars
• Past Mortem by Ben Elton

Fictional bullies

• Biff Tannen Back to the Future Trilogy
• Nelson Muntz Jimbo Jones Dolph Kearny The Simpsons
• Eric Cartman Southpark
• Mertle Edmonds Lilo & Stitch

Biff Tannen is a fictional character, the main villain in the Back to the Future motion picture trilogy, played in the three films and voiced in the animated series by Thomas F. Wilson. ... Doc Brown (Christopher Lloyd) and Marty McFly (Michael J. Fox) watching the first test of the time machine. ... Nelson Muntz (voiced by Nancy Cartwright) is a character from The Simpsons. ... James Jimbo Jones (voiced by Pamela Hayden) is a character of the TV show The Simpsons. ... An election poster for Dolph, made by the TV network for episode 4 of Wulffmorgenthaler. ... Kearny is the name of some places in the United States of America, many of which are named for Philip Kearny and Stephen W. Kearny, American military figures. ... The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox network. ... Eric Theodore Cartman, voiced by Trey Parker, is a fictional character in the animated series South Park. ... This article is about the animated television series. ... Mertle Edmonds is a character from the Lilo & Stitch film and TV show. ... Lilo & Stitch is an animated film and the forty-first film in the Disney animated features canon. ...

See also

• Workplace bullying
• Cyber-bullying
• Teasing
• Mobbing
• Jingoism
• Political corruption
• Kleptocracy
• Educational psychology
• Bully (film)
• Bully (video game)
• Odd Girl Out
• Hikikomori
• Love-shyness
• Bullycide
• Cliques
• List of fictional bullies
• Bullying Online

Workplace bullying, like childhood bullying, is the tendency of individuals or groups to use aggressive or unreasonable behavior to achieve their ends. ... Cyber bullying (cyberbullying, cyber-bullying, online bullying) is the use of electronic information and communication devices such as e-mail, instant messaging, text messages, mobile phones, pagers and defamatory websites to bully or otherwise harass an individual or group through personal attacks or other means, and it may constitute a... Teasing is the act of playfully disturbing another person, either with words or with actions. ... Mobbing is a modern term for systematic bullying, harassment, or psychological terror, especially in schools and workplaces, whereby one person is ganged up on and stigmatized by peers and/or superiors for reasons that are not genuinely or justifiably known to most of those who are mobbing the victim. ... Jingoism is a term describing chauvinistic patriotism, usually with a hawkish political stance. ... World map of the Corruption Perceptions Index In broad terms, political corruption is the misuse of public (governmental) power for illegitimate, usually secret, private advantage. ... Kleptocracy (sometimes Cleptocracy) (root: Klepto+cracy = rule by thieves) is a pejorative, informal term for a government so corrupt that no pretense of honesty remains. ... INTRODUCTION: Educational psychology is the study of how humans learn in educational settings, the effectiveness of educational interventions, the psychology of teaching, and the social psychology of schools as organizations. ... Bully is a 2001 movie, based on actual events, which stars Brad Renfro, Rachel Miner, Bijou Phillips, Nick Stahl and Michael Pitt. ... Screenshot of Bully Bully is a video game under development by Rockstar Vancouver for Sony PlayStation 2 and is currently scheduled to be released in October 2006. ... Odd Girl Out is a 2005 telefilm starring Alexa Vega (Vanessa), Lisa Vidal (Barbara), Elizabeth Rice (Nikki), Alicia Morton (Tiffany), Leah Pipes(Stacy), and Chad Biagini(Tony). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The term love-shyness is sometimes used to designate a specific type of severe chronic shyness. ... This article or section is missing references or citation of sources. ... For clique in graph theory, see Clique (graph theory) For clique in professional wrestling, see Clique (professional wrestling) For The Clique, the group of Victorian artists see The Clique A common feature in cliques is an Outcast, the party in which are shunned, ostracized and left out. ... A bully is an individual who torments others through verbal harassment, physical assault, or other more subtle methods of coercion. ... Bullying Online is a UK charity founded in 1999 by journalist Liz Carnell and her son John. ...

External links

• Bullying.org "Where you are NOT alone!"
• Cyberbullying.ca "Always On? Always Aware!"
• Cyberbullying.org "Always On? Always Aware!"
• "Prevent Bullying"
• Childline (UK) - talk to someone in confidence (0800 1111)
• Canadian anti-bullying safety database
• Bullying in schools (Australia - schools)
• Bullying in schools (UK - schools)
• MSN on Cyberbullying
• Bullying Online A UK charity
• Bully Online Tim Field's anti-bully site
• BullyWhys
• Bullying at Suite101
• School Bullying
• Bullying and emotional intelligence
• How to Stop Bullies
• Peer Abuse Know More!
• Anti-Bullying Ireland
• NO BULL
• AntiBully.tk! "Where your voice is heard!, written by an award winning student who was teased!
• mobbing.ca (Mobbing resources in Canada)
• How to stop bullies from bothering you
• Bully Video Game Release Raises Moral Questions
• Bullying: Information for Parents and Teachers
• Neighbours From Hell in Britain