A table of weights from the secretaries of the different states, showing the no. of lbs. which their laws recognize as a bushel of different articles. c. 1854

A bushel is a unit of dry volume, usually subdivided into eight local gallons in the systems of Imperial units and U.S. customary units. It is used for volumes of dry commodities, not liquids, most often in agriculture. It is abbreviated as bsh. or bu. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 587 pixelsFull resolution (2385 × 1749 pixel, file size: 232 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Source: http://memory. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 587 pixelsFull resolution (2385 × 1749 pixel, file size: 232 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Source: http://memory. ... Dry measures are units of volume used to measure bulk commodities which are not liquid. ... The gallon (abbreviation: gal) is a unit of volume. ... The Imperial units or the Imperial system is a collection of English units, first defined in the Weights and Measures Act of 1824, later refined (until 1959) and reduced. ... The U.S. customary units (more commonly known in the US as English units or standard units) are the non-metric units of measurement that are presently used in the United States, in some cases alongside the metric system of units. ... Dry measures are units of volume used to measure bulk commodities which are not liquid. ... A commodity is something for which there is demand, but which is supplied without qualitative differentiation across a given market. ...

• 1 U.S. bushel = 35.23907017 litres = 8 corn/dry gallons = 9.309177489 wine/liquid gallons
• 1 Imperial bushel = 36.36872 litres = 8 Imperial gallons

An example of a bushel, this one is holding apples.

The United States or Winchester bushel was originally defined as the volume of a cylindrical container 18½ inches in diameter and 8 inches deep (2150.420171… cu in); it is now defined as 2150.42 cubic inches exactly. It is divided into eight dry gallons, which are different from the liquid gallons with which most Americans are more familiar. Nor are they the same as the Imperial gallon. There are four pecks in a bushel.^[1] The litre or liter (see spelling differences) is a unit of volume. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 584 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 748 pixel, file size: 229 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (COPYRIGHT 2006, ZELPHICS [APPLE BUSHEL] YOU MAY COPY/EDIT/REPRODUCE THIS IMAGE.) I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby release it into the public... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 584 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 748 pixel, file size: 229 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (COPYRIGHT 2006, ZELPHICS [APPLE BUSHEL] YOU MAY COPY/EDIT/REPRODUCE THIS IMAGE.) I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby release it into the public... The word cylinder has several meanings. ... A cubic inch is the volume of a cube which is one inch long on each edge. ... A 1/2 peck apple bag A peck is an Imperial and U.S. customary unit of dry volume, equivalent in each of these systems to 8 dry quarts, or 16 dry pints. ...

Bushels are now most often used as units of mass rather than of volume. The bushels in which grains are bought and sold on commodity markets or at local grain elevators, and for reports of grain production, are all units of mass. This is done by assigning a standard weight to each commodity that is to be measured in bushels. These bushels depend on the commodities being measured; some of the more common ones are (all exact): This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... A commodity is something for which there is demand, but which is supplied without qualitative differentiation across a given market. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

• Oats
  • USA: 32 lb ≈ 14.515 kg
  • Canada: 34 lb ≈ 15.422 kg
• Barley: 48 lb ≈ 21.772 kg
• Maize (corn): 56 lb ≈ 25.401 kg
• Wheat and soybeans: 60 lb ≈ 27.215 kg

Other specific values are defined (and those definitions may vary in different jurisdictions, including from state to state in the United States) for other grains, oilseeds, fruits, vegetables, coal, hair, and many other commodities. Species References ITIS 41455 2002-09-22 Oats are the seeds of any of several cereal grains in the genus Avena. ... Binomial name L. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is an annual cereal grain, which serves as a major animal feed crop, with smaller amounts used for malting and in health food. ... “Corn” redirects here. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. compactum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 For the indie rock group see: Wheat (band). ... Binomial name (L.) Merr. ... Vegetable oil or vegoil is fat extracted from plant sources. ... For other uses, see Fruit (disambiguation). ... A plate of vegetables Vegetable is a culinary term which generally refers to an edible part of a plant. ... Coal Coal (IPA: ) is a fossil fuel formed in swamp ecosystems where plant remains were saved by water and mud from oxidization and biodegradation. ... For the film, see Hair (film). ...

Government policy in the United States is to phase out units such as the bushel and replace them with the metric system as used for all purposes in the rest of the world, and for all scientific and technical purposes world wide. It is therefore important to know how the bushel relates to the metric equivalent, and whether the bushels are used as units of mass or units of volume. The International System of Units (symbol: SI) (for the French phrase Syst me International dUnit s) is the most widely used system of units. ...

The name “bushel” has also been used to translate foreign units of a similar size and sometimes shared origin, like the German “Scheffel”.

History

The bushel was originally a measure of capacity for grain. During the Middle Ages, the bushel of wheat was supposed to weigh 64 tower pounds, but when the tower system was abolished in the 16th century, it was described as 56 avoirdupois pounds. The bushel was rarely used in Scotland, Ireland or Wales during the Middle Ages. The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... The pound (abbreviations: lb or, sometimes in the United States, #) is a unit of mass (called weight in everyday parlance) in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... The avoirdupois (IPA: ; French:) system is a system of weights (or, properly, mass) based on a pound of sixteen ounces. ... This article is about the country. ... This article is about the country. ...

Until and before the 19th century there were even more gallons in use. Examples: Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...

1792 cu in

standard wine gallon preserved at Guildhall

1848 cu in

statute of 5th of Anne

2118.4 cu in

ancient Rumford quart (1228)

2124 cu in

Exchequer (Henry VII., 1091, with rim)

2130 cu in

ancient Rumford (1228)

2150 cu in

Winchester, statute 13 + 14 by William III.

2168 cu in − 16 spoonfuls

Exchequer (Henry VII., 1601, E.E.)

2168 cu in

Exchequer (1601, E.), corn

2176 cu in

corn (1688)

2217.44 cu in

coal, statute 12 of Anne

2224 cu in

Exchequer (Henry VII., with copper rim)

2227.2 cu in

Exchequer (1601 and 1602 pints)

2240 cu in

Exchequer (1601 quart)

2256 cu in

Treasury (gallon for beer and ale)

The Guildhall The Guildhall complex in c. ... Anne (6 February 1665 – 1 August 1714) followed Englands only joint monarchy to become Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702 after the passing of both William and Mary. ... Events The Sixth Crusade is launched by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, after delays due to sickness and an excommunication from Pope Gregory IX. Conrad IV of Germany becomes titular King of Jerusalem, with Frederick II as regent. ... The Exchequer was (and in some cases still is) a part of the governments of England (latterly to include Wales, Scotland and Ireland) that was responsible for the management and collection of revenues. ... Henry, son of William I attempted a coup against his brothers but failed to seize the English throne. ... Events The Sixth Crusade is launched by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, after delays due to sickness and an excommunication from Pope Gregory IX. Conrad IV of Germany becomes titular King of Jerusalem, with Frederick II as regent. ... Events February 8 - Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, rebels against Elizabeth I of England - revolt is quickly crushed February 25 - Robert Devereux beheaded Jesuit Matteo Ricci arrives in China Bad harvest in Russia due to rainy summer Dutch troops drive Portuguese from Málaga Battle of Kinsale, Ireland Births... Events February 8 - Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, rebels against Elizabeth I of England - revolt is quickly crushed February 25 - Robert Devereux beheaded Jesuit Matteo Ricci arrives in China Bad harvest in Russia due to rainy summer Dutch troops drive Portuguese from Málaga Battle of Kinsale, Ireland Births... // Events A high-powered conspiracy of notables, the Immortal Seven, invite William and Mary to depose James II of England. ... Events February 8 - Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, rebels against Elizabeth I of England - revolt is quickly crushed February 25 - Robert Devereux beheaded Jesuit Matteo Ricci arrives in China Bad harvest in Russia due to rainy summer Dutch troops drive Portuguese from Málaga Battle of Kinsale, Ireland Births... This page is about the year. ... Events February 8 - Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, rebels against Elizabeth I of England - revolt is quickly crushed February 25 - Robert Devereux beheaded Jesuit Matteo Ricci arrives in China Bad harvest in Russia due to rainy summer Dutch troops drive Portuguese from Málaga Battle of Kinsale, Ireland Births...

References

1. ^ [1] Cooperative Extension Service, Iowa State University, "Acreage Answers," Feb.-Mar. 2002, Vol. 3, Issue 1. retrieved Nov. 21, 2006