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Wildland
Firefighting |  | | Main articles | | Wildfire · Bushfire
Wildland fire suppression
For other uses, see Wildfire (disambiguation). ...
The 2003 Okanagan Mountain Park Fire was a large forest fire that took place in British Columbia, Canada in 2003. ...
| | Agencies | | National Interagency Fire Center
USFS · BLM
CALFIRE · CALFIRE Aviation
New South Wales Rural Fire Service · Country Fire Authority, Victoria · Country Fire Service, South Australia The National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) in Boise, Idaho, is the physical facility that is home to the National Interagency Coordination Center (NICC), and the National Multi-Aegncy Coordination group (NMAC or MAC). ...
Logo of the U.S. Forest Service. ...
US BLM logo The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is an agency within the United States Department of the Interior which administers Americas public lands, totaling approximately 261 million surface acres (1,056,229. ...
The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CDF) is the State of Californias agency responsible for the administration of the states private and public forests. ...
The CDF Aviation Management Program is a branch of the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CDF). ...
The New South Wales Rural Fire Service (RFS) is a volunteer firefighting service and is responsible for providing fire protection to over 90% of the geographical area of the state of New South Wales in Australia. ...
The Country Fire Authority, or CFA, is the name of the fire service that provides fire fighting and other emergency services to all of the country areas and regional townships within the state of Victoria, Australia, as well as large portions of the outer suburban areas and growth corridors of...
Grass fire at Willunga. ...
| | Tactics & Equipment | | Incident Command System
Hotshots
Controlled burn
Firebreak · Fire trail
Fire lookout tower
Fire retardant · MAFFS
Helicopter bucket · Driptorch A typical Incident Command Post The Incident Command System (ICS) is a management system used within the United States to organize emergency response and was designed to offer a scalable response to incidents of any magnitude. ...
Members of the Flathead Hotshot crew, a crew of approximately 20 highly skilled firefighters specially trained in wildland fire suppression tactics. ...
Firing the woods in a South Carolina forest with a custom made igniter mounted on an all terrain vehicle. ...
A firebreak is a usually-man-made gap in vegetation that is expected to slow or stop the progress of wildfires. ...
This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Fire lookout. ...
A fire retardant is a substance that helps to delay or prevent combustion. ...
A MAFFS-equipped Air National Guard C-130 Hercules drops fire retardant on wildfires in southern California The Modular Airborne FireFighting System or MAFFS is a self-contained unit used for aerial firefighting that can be loaded onto a military cargo transport, typically a C-130 Hercules, which then allows...
Using a driptorch to ignite a prescribed fire A driptorch is a tool used in wildland firefighting, controlled burning, and other forestry applications to intentionally ignite fires. ...
| | Aerial firefighting | | Aerial firefighting
Helitack · Smokejumper Bombardier CL-415 waterbomber of the Province of Québec Aerial firefighting is a method to combat wildfires using aircraft. ...
Santa Barbara County helitack crew and a Bell 212 on the Day Fire. ...
A smokejumper is a firefighter who parachutes into a remote area to combat wildfires. ...
| | Lists | | List of wildfires
Glossary of wildland fire terms
This is a list of notorious wildfires: // See also the (mostly uncontained as of October 23, 2007) California wildfires of October 2007, a collection of sixteen simltaneous wildfires across California. ...
The following is a glossary of wildland fire terms. ...
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 Regrowth two years after the bushfire at Bogong, 2003.
 Smoke from bushfires can cover a large area, as seen here in eastern Victoria.
 The city of Melbourne swathed in smoke during the 2006-2007 bushfire season. A Bushfire is a fire that occurs in the bush (collective term for scrub, woodland or grassland of Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia). In south east Australia, bushfires tend to be most common and most severe during summer and autumn, in drought years, and particularly severe in El Niño years. Subsequently south east Australia is considered one of the most fire prone areas of the world. In the north of Australia, bushfires usually occur during winter (the dry season)[1], and fire severity tends to be more associated with seasonal weather patterns. In the southwest, similarly, bushfires occur in the summer dry season and severity is usually related to seasonal growth. Fire frequency in the north is difficult to assess, as the vast majority of fires are caused by human activity, however lightning strikes can cause bush fires too. Backburning in Townsville, Queensland, Australia to prevent bushfires. ...
Backburning in Townsville, Queensland, Australia to prevent bushfires. ...
Firing the woods in a South Carolina forest with a custom made igniter mounted on an all terrain vehicle. ...
‎ The Strand CBD from Museum of Tropical Queensland, features Castle Hill in background Townsville (Postcodes: 4810-4819) is an urban centre on the north-eastern coast of Australia, in the state of Queensland. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1067, 945 KB) Please see the file description page for further information. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1067, 945 KB) Please see the file description page for further information. ...
The Bogong High Plains are situated in the Alpine National Park in the Australian state of Victoria, just south of Mount Bogong. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 405 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1385 × 2047 pixel, file size: 666 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)Photograph of two termite cathedral mounds in a tropical savanna blackened by bushfires in Kakadu National Park, as taken on 25 July 2002 by Dustin M...
Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 405 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1385 × 2047 pixel, file size: 666 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)Photograph of two termite cathedral mounds in a tropical savanna blackened by bushfires in Kakadu National Park, as taken on 25 July 2002 by Dustin M...
Families Mastotermitidae Kalotermitidae Termopsidae Hodotermitidae Rhinotermitidae Serritermitidae Termitidae Termites, sometimes known as white ants, are a group of social insects usually classified at the taxonomic rank of order Isoptera. ...
Tropical Savannas (alternate spelling savannah) are a grassland biome, dotted with trees, generally located at tropical latitudes. ...
Kakadu National Park is in the Northern Territory of Australia, 171 km east of Darwin. ...
From the NASA website: On February 2, 2003, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the Aqua satellite detected fires (red dots) still burning in southeast Australia. ...
From the NASA website: On February 2, 2003, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the Aqua satellite detected fires (red dots) still burning in southeast Australia. ...
VIC redirects here. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Melb_bush_fire_smoke. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Melb_bush_fire_smoke. ...
This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre (also known as The CBD). ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 538 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 672 pixel, file size: 568 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Bushfire Australian Bustard...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 538 pixel Image in higher resolution (1000 × 672 pixel, file size: 568 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Bushfire Australian Bustard...
Binomial name Ardeotis australis (Gray, 1829) The Australian Bustard, Ardeotis australis, is a large ground bird of grassland, woodland and open agricultural country across northern Australia and southern New Guinea. ...
Ladysmith (, postcode 2652) is a village approximately 19km east of Wagga Wagga in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. ...
The New South Wales Rural Fire Service (RFS) is a volunteer firefighting service and is responsible for providing fire protection to over 90% of the geographical area of the state of New South Wales in Australia. ...
For other uses, see Fire (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Bush. ...
Scrubland is plant community characterized by scrub vegetation. ...
Limber Pine woodland, Toiyabe Range, central Nevada Biologically, a woodland is a treed area differentiated from a forest. ...
The Konza tallgrass prairie in the Flint Hills of northeastern Kansas. ...
Fields outside Benambra, Victoria, Australia suffering from drought conditions A drought is an extended period of months or years when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply. ...
Chart of ocean surface temperature anomaly [°C] during the last strong El Niño in December 1997 El Niño and La Niña (also written in English as El Nino and La Nina) are major temperature fluctuations in surface waters of the tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean. ...
Not to be confused with lighting. ...
History The natural fire regime was altered by the arrival of humans in Australia. Fires became more frequent, and fire-loving species — notably eucalypts — greatly expanded their range. It is assumed that a good deal of this change came about as the result of deliberate action by early humans, setting fires to clear undergrowth or drive game. Fire-stick farming is a term coined by Australian archeologist Rhys Jones in 1969 to describe the practice of Indigenous Australians where fire was used regularly to burn vegetation to facilitate hunting and to change the composition of plant and animal species in an area. ...
Plants have evolved a variety of strategies to survive (or even require) fires, (possessing reserve shoots that sprout after a fire, or developing fire-resistant or fire-triggered seeds) or even encourage fire (eucalypts contain flammable oils in the leaves) as a way to eliminate competition from less fire-tolerant species. Many native animals are also adept at surviving bushfires. Many animals become extinct from bushfires destroying their habitat. A ripe red jalapeño cut open to show the seeds For other uses, see Seed (disambiguation). ...
Eucalypts are tree species belonging to three closely related genera, Angophora, Corymbia and Eucalyptus. ...
Bushfire control
Key Factors affecting bushfires • Fuel: Anything that burns is fuel for the fire: litter on the ground (leaves, twigs, rubbish), undergrowth (shrubs, grass, seedlings), trees and other vegetation, structures (such as your house) and any miscellaneous stuff laying about; gas bottles, piles of firewood, tyres, etc. Ladder fuels are low growing (30 cm to 2 meters) vegetation that offers a ladder for the fire to rise to the canopies of trees.
• Weather: Weather is a major contributor to bushfires. The hotter and dryer, the more likely it is for a bushfire to start and spread uncontrollably. High winds will reduce humidity, and cause an already started bushfire to spread more rapidly. Most bushfires start in the afternoon, when it is driest and hottest.
• Topography/slope: The topography of the terrain is a major factor in bushfire behaviour. Generally the fire spreads faster uphill. Conversely, fire going downhill advances more slowly. The superheated air is pushed in front of the fire drying and pre-warming the fuel for ignition. When a fire progressing downhill hits the flat at the bottom of the hill, the height of the flame can quadruple, when the fire hits the upslope opposite, the height may quadruple again. In other words, 1 metre flames going downhill can turn into 4 metre flames at the bottom of the hill, and to 16 metre flames starting to climb the next hill. While the height of the flame depends mainly on the height of the fuel, the former stands as a reminder that an innocent looking small bushfire can rapidly change into a life threatening fire.
Firefighting Methods In National Parks and reserves, bushfire fighting is carried out by professional staff, such as Rangers, Park Workers, Field and Technical Officers, with help from volunteers from rural areas. The rural areas have bush fire services, E.g the CFA, largely staffed by volunteers, to help control bushfires. As with large fires on public land it is common for Parks staff and Rural or Country volunteers to work together on large rural fires. On some occasions urban firefighting professionals are also called in to assist. As well as the water-spraying trucks commonly used in urban firefighting, bushfire services often own or lease aircraft, particularly fire helicopters, that can douse areas inaccessible to ground crews. However, large fires are often of such a size that no conceivable firefighting service could attempt to douse the whole fire directly, and so alternative techniques are used. This article is about national parks. ...
This article is about people called professionals. ...
Look up ranger in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
For other uses, see Volunteer (disambiguation). ...
A repair locker hose team aboard USS John F. Kennedy (CV 67) combats a controlled fire on the mobile aircraft firefighting training device May 2, 2006. ...
The Country Fire Authority, or CFA, is the name of the fire service that provides fire fighting and other emergency services to all of the country areas and regional townships within the state of Victoria, Australia, as well as large portions of the outer suburban areas and growth corridors of...
In all modern states, some land is held by central or local governments. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Typically, this involves controlling the area that the fire can spread to, clearing control lines which are areas which contain no combustible material. These control lines can be produced by bulldozing, or by backburning — setting a small, low-intensity fire to burn the flammable material in a controlled way. These may then be extinguished by firefighters, or, ideally, directed in such away so that they meet the main fire front, at which point both fires will run out of flammable material and be extinguished. Control line (also called U-Control in some countries) is a simple and light way of controlling a flying model aircraft. ...
A bulldozer is a powerful crawler (tractor) equipped with a blade. ...
Flammable or Flammability refers to the ease at which a substance will ignite, causing fire or combustion. ...
A front, in addition to its common dictionary meanings, may specifically refer to: a weather front, a boundary of two airmasses a military front, an area where armies are engaged in conflict a Front (Soviet Army), a major military subdivision of the Soviet Army a front organization or front company...
Unfortunately, such methods can fail in the face of wind shifts causing fires to miss control lines, or because fires jump straight over them (for instance, because a burning tree falls across a line, or burning embers are carried by the wind over the line).
The actual goals of firefighters vary. Protection of life (both the firefighters and civilians) is given top priority, then private property according to economic and social value. In very severe fires, this is sometimes the only possible action. Protecting houses is regarded as more important than, say, machinery sheds, though firefighters, if possible, will try to keep fires off farmland to protect stock and fences (steel fences are destroyed by the passage of fire, as the wire is irreversibly stretched and weakened by it). Preventing the burning of publicly owned forested areas is generally of least priority, and, indeed, it is quite common (in Australia, at least) for firefighters to simply observe a fire burn towards control lines through forest rather than attempt to put it out more quickly — it is, after all, a natural process. Economics (deriving from the Greek words οίκω [okos], house, and νÎμω [nemo], rules hence household management) is the social science that studies the allocation of scarce resources to satisfy unlimited wants. ...
Social refers to human society or its organization. ...
House at Cúcuta, Colombia A house is a building typically lived in by one or more people. ...
Farmland can have several meanings: See: Farm for a general discussion of farming Farmland, Indiana, a town in the United States Farmland (cooperative), an agricultural cooperative This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
For other uses, see Stock (disambiguation). ...
This article is about a community of trees. ...
The risk of major bushfires can be reduced by reducing the amount of fuel present. In forests, this is usually accomplished by conducting controlled burns — deliberately setting areas ablaze during favourable weather conditions in spring or autumn. Controlled burns can be controversial, both because they can be regarded as tampering with the forest ecosystem, and because serious fires can be started if a control burn gets out of hand. The Australian Aborigines used controlled burning to encourage new growth of plants. For other uses, see Fuel (disambiguation). ...
Firing the woods in a South Carolina forest with a custom made igniter mounted on an all terrain vehicle. ...
A coral reef near the Hawaiian islands is an example of a complex marine ecosystem. ...
Language(s) Several hundred Indigenous Australian languages (many extinct or nearly so), Australian English, Australian Aboriginal English, Torres Strait Creole, Kriol Religion(s) Primarily Christian, with minorities of other religions including various forms of Traditional belief systems based around the Dreamtime Related ethnic groups see List of Indigenous Australian group...
Contrary to urban understanding of bushfire, rural farming communities are comparatively rarely threatened directly by them. They are usually located in the middle of large areas of cleared, usually grazed, land, and in the drought conditions present in bushfire years there is often very little grass left. However, urban fringes often spread into forested areas, and communities have literally built themselves in the middle of highly flammable forests. The Urban Rural Fringe (or urban hinterland) can be described as the landscape interface between town and country [1], or alternatively as the transition zone where urban and rural uses mix and often clash. ...
On occasions, bushfires have caused wide-scale damage to private property, particularly when they have reached such urban-fringe communities, destroying many homes and causing deaths. This page deals with property as ownership rights. ...
In fire-prone areas, people living in them typically take a variety of precautions. These include building their home out of flame-resistant materials, reducing the amount of fuel near to the home or property, constructing firebreaks, and investing in firefighting equipment. Socks made from flame retardant cotton. ...
A firebreak is a usually-man-made gap in vegetation that is expected to slow or stop the progress of wildfires. ...
Significant bushfires
Notable bushfire events Black Thursday can mean February 6, 1851, when fires severely burnt Victoria, Australia and reports of the temperature reaching 117°F (or 47°C) in the capital of Melbourne, but since the Bureau of Meteorology had not been established, this has never been verified or considered official. ...
beutifle noghmare is the best band In the days preceding the fires, Melbourne experienced some of its hottest temperatures on record: 43. ...
For the song, see South Australia (song). ...
The Dwellingup fires (20 to 24 January and 24 February to early March, 1961) were a series of devastating bushfires that burned large areas of forest in the southwest of Western Australia. ...
The Chatsbury Bush Fire of 1965 was a series of devastating bushfires that destroyed the the Southern Highlands, New South Wales village of Tallong and most of its orchards. ...
The 1967 Tasmanian fires were an Australian natural disaster which occurred on 7 February 1967, an event which became known as the Black Tuesday bushfires. ...
The Ash Wednesday fires were a series of forest fires which occurred on February 16, 1983 in south-east Australia, resulting in a natural disaster. ...
The 1994 Eastern seaboard fires were bushfires in New South Wales, Australia between 27 December 1993 and 16 January 1994 were widespread along the NSW coast from Bega to the Queensland border and inland as far as Bathurst. ...
On 2 December 1998, a wildfire burned through private land and state forest near the township of Linton, Victoria. ...
The Black Christmas bushfires were bushfires that burnt for almost three weeks from 25 December 2001 across New South Wales, Australia. ...
2003 Canberra bushfires The Canberra bushfires of 2003 caused severe damage to the outskirts of Canberra, the Australian capital city. ...
The Eastern Victorian alpine bushfires started with eighty seven fires that were started by lightning in the north east of Victoria on 8 January 2003. ...
Satellite photo of the Eyre Peninsula bushfires, taken on January 11 2005 In January 2005, Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, was the scene of a devastating bushfire in which nine people were killed and at least 113 injured. ...
Jail Break Inn Fire was started by a cigarette butt near the Jail Break Inn 8km west of Junee, New South Wales Australia on New Years Day 2006. ...
Pulletop bushfire Pulletop bushfire started on the 6 February 2006 in hot dry and windy weather conditions about 30 km southeast of Wagga Wagga, New South Wales. ...
The 2006-07 Australian bushfire season had an early start with fires in spring time. ...
Bushfire gallery A painting depicting the Red Tuesday bushfires at Gippsland. Image File history File links Gippsland,_Sunday_night,_February_20th,_1898. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
| The Pulletop bushfire at Wagga Wagga. Image File history File linksMetadata Wagga_Wagga,_Pulleytop_bushfire,_February_6th,_2006. ...
Pulletop bushfire Pulletop bushfire started on the 6 February 2006 in hot dry and windy weather conditions about 30 km southeast of Wagga Wagga, New South Wales. ...
Wagga Wagga (pronounced wogga wogga, informally called Wagga) is a city in New South Wales, Australia. ...
| One of the blazes of the 2006 Central Coast bushfires on New Years Day, 2006. Photo taken at Umina Beach. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (910x549, 43 KB) Summary Photo taken by Daniel Bryant (me), 1st January 2006, at West Umina. ...
This article is about January 1st in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Umina Beach is a suburb of the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia, located south of Woy Woy on Broken Bay, about north of Sydney. ...
| Smoke from the bushfire near Holbrook on 2 February 2007. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 117 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Wonx2150 Smoke from fire near Holbrook NSW 02/02/07 I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute...
HMAS Otways hull on display at Holbrook, New South Wales. ...
is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ...
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See also Grass fire at Willunga. ...
The Country Fire Authority, or CFA, is the name of the fire service that provides fire fighting and other emergency services to all of the country areas and regional townships within the state of Victoria, Australia, as well as large portions of the outer suburban areas and growth corridors of...
The New South Wales Rural Fire Service (RFS) is a volunteer firefighting service and is responsible for providing fire protection to over 90% of the geographical area of the state of New South Wales in Australia. ...
The Tasmania Fire Service (TFS) was created in 1979 through the unification of the State Fire Authority, the Rural Fires Board and 22 urban fire brigades. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Bushfire. ...
Notes and references Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
External links The New South Wales Rural Fire Service (RFS) is a volunteer firefighting service and is responsible for providing fire protection to over 90% of the geographical area of the state of New South Wales in Australia. ...
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