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Instituto Butantan is a Brazilian biomedical research center affiliated to the São Paulo State Secretary of Health. It is located near the campus of the University of São Paulo, in the city of the same name. Flag of São Paulo See other Brazilian States Capital São Paulo Largest City São Paulo Area 248,176. ...
The Universitätscampus Wien, Austria ( details) Campus (plural: campuses) is derived from the (identical) Latin word for field or open space. English gets the words camp and campus from this origin. ...
The University of São Paulo (in portuguese Universidade de São Paulo, USP) is one of the three public universities funded by the State of São Paulo. ...
Landmark buildings EdifÃcio Italia (at left) and Copan (curved façade at center), in São Paulo Downtown. ...
The Institute was founded by the Brazilian physician and biomedical scientist Vital Brazil in 1901, according to Pasteur Institute paradigm, i.e., by combining in the same institution medical research, the transfer of the results to society as health products, and self-financing through this later activity. It is internationally renowned for its research on venomous animals. It maintains one of largest collections of serpents in the world, comprising ca. 54,000 specimens, and it is also a state-supported producer of vaccines against many infectious diseases, such as rabies, hepatitis, botulism, tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis and tuberculosis, as well as polyvalent and monovalent antivenoms against the bites of snakes, lizards, bees, scorpions and spiders (which, historically were first developed in the beginning of the 20th century by Dr. Vital Brazil and his coworkers). The Doctor by Samuel Luke Fildes This article is about the term physician, one type of doctor; for other uses of the word doctor see Doctor. ...
Vital Brazil Mineiro da Campanha (b. ...
1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
The Pasteur Institute (French: Institut Pasteur) is a French non-profit private foundation dedicated to the study of biology, microorganisms, diseases and vaccines. ...
Medical research (or experimental medicine) is basic research and applied research conducted to aid the body of knowledge in the field of medicine. ...
It has been suggested that Snake poison be merged into this article or section. ...
A vaccine is an antigenic preparation used to establish immunity to a disease. ...
In medicine, infectious disease or communicable disease is disease caused by a biological agent (e. ...
Hepatitis is a gastroenterological disease, featuring inflammation of the liver. ...
Botulism (from Latin botulus, sausage) is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin, botulin, that is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. ...
Tetanus is a medical condition characterized by a prolonged contraction of skeletal muscle fibers, the primary symptoms are caused by tetanospasmin, a neurotoxin produced by the Gram-positive, obligate anaerobic bacterium Clostridium tetani. ...
Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious disease that is one of the leading causes of vaccine-preventable deaths. ...
Tuberculosis (abbreviated as TB for Tubercle Bacillus) is a common and deadly infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also affect the central nervous system, lymphatic system, circulatory system, genitourinary system, bones and joints. ...
Antivenom (or antivenin, or antivenene) is a biological product used in the treatment of venomous bites or stings. ...
Families Acrochordidae Aniliidae Anomalepididae Anomochilidae Atractaspididae Boidae Bolyeriidae Colubridae Cylindrophiidae Elapidae Hydrophiidae Leptotyphlopidae Loxocemidae Pythonidae Tropidophiidae Typhlopidae Uropeltidae Viperidae Xenopeltidae Snakes are cold blooded legless reptiles closely related to lizards, which share the order Squamata. ...
This page is about Lizards, the order of reptile. ...
Families Andrenidae Anthophoridae Apidae Colletidae Ctenoplectridae Halictidae Heterogynaidae Megachilidae Melittidae Oxaeidae Sphecidae Stenotritidae This article is about the insect. ...
A scorpion is an invertebrate animal with eight legs belonging to the order Scorpiones in the class Arachnida. ...
Diversity 111 families, 40,000 species Suborders Mesothelae Mygalomorphae Araneomorphae See Table of Families Wikispecies has information related to: Spiders A South American Argiope Spiders are predatory invertebrate animals with two body segments, eight legs, no chewing mouth parts and no wings. ...
(19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999...
Education and research
The Institute develops basic and applied biomedical research in many areas, including molecular biology, immunology and epidemiology and has a graduate research training program in collaboration with other institutions, in the areas of biotechnology and infectology. Besides its research laboratories, production units and specialized library, it operates a specialized hospital, the Hospital Vital Brazil, and an animal breeding center for providing subjects for research and production of sera. It also accepts donations of serpents, arthropods and other animals captured by the public and by a network of collaborating centers and individuals. Molecular biology is the study of biology at a molecular level. ...
Immunology is a broad branch of biomedical science that covers the study of all aspects of the immune system in all organisms. ...
Epidemiology is the scientific study of factors affecting the health and illness of populations, and serves as the foundation and logic of interventions made in the interest of public health and preventive medicine. ...
Infectology is a medical speciality dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of infection. ...
The following research laboratories are part of the Butantan Institute:
Important Brazilian scientists who have worked in the Butantan Institute are: Vital Brazil, Isaias Raw, Samuel Pessoa, Willy Beçak. The Institute has strong collaborative ties with the Pasteur Institute, Paris, France, and with the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro. Subphyla and Classes Subphylum Trilobitomorpha Trilobita - trilobites (extinct) Subphylum Chelicerata Arachnida - spiders,scorpions, etc. ...
Herpetology (Greek herpeton = to creep, to ramp and logos = in this context explanation or reason) is the branch of zoology concerned with the study of reptiles and amphibians. ...
Cell biology (cellular biology) is an academic discipline which studies the physiological properties of cells, as well as their behaviours, interactions, and environment; this is done both on a microscopic and molecular level. ...
Groups I: dsDNA viruses II: ssDNA viruses III: dsRNA viruses IV: (+)ssRNA viruses V: (-)ssRNA viruses VI: ssRNA-RT viruses VII: dsDNA-RT viruses A virus (Latin, poison) is a microscopic particle that can infect the cells of a biological organism. ...
Immunology is a broad branch of biomedical science that covers the study of all aspects of the immune system in all organisms. ...
Genetics (from the Greek genno γεννώ= give birth) is the science of genes, heredity, and the variation of organisms. ...
Dermatology (from Greek derma, skin) is a branch of medicine dealing with the skin and its appendages (hair, nails, sweat glands etc). ...
Pathophysiology is the study of the disturbance of normal mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions that a disease causes. ...
Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes and transformations in living organisms. ...
Biophysics (also biological physics) is an interdisciplinary science that applies the theories and methods of physics, to questions of biology. ...
Pharmacology (in Greek: pharmacon (φάÏμακον) meaning drug, and logos (λόγος) meaning science) is the study of how substances interact with living organisms to produce a change in function. ...
An agar plate streaked with microorganisms Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, which are unicellular or cell-cluster microscopic organisms. ...
Parasitology is the study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them. ...
Biopharmaceuticals are medical drugs (see pharmacology) produced by biotechnology. ...
Toxinology is the specialized area of toxicology that deals specifically with biological toxins, such as venoms or poisonous plants. ...
The structure of insulin Biotechnology is technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. ...
Vital Brazil Mineiro da Campanha (b. ...
The Pasteur Institute (French: Institut Pasteur) is a French non-profit private foundation dedicated to the study of biology, microorganisms, diseases and vaccines. ...
City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Région Île-de-France Département Paris (75) Subdivisions 20 arrondissements Mayor Bertrand Delanoë (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land...
Instituto Oswaldo Cruz is a scientific institution for research and development in biomedical sciences located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ...
Location of Rio de Janeiro Coordinates: Country Brazil Region Southeast State Rio de Janeiro Mayor Cesar Maia (PFL) Area - City 1,260 km² Population - City (2005) 5,613,000 [1] - Density 4,781/km² - Metro 11,620,000 [2] Time zone UTC-3 (UTC-3) Website: www. ...
Production The Butantan Institute is the largest producer in Latin America (and one of the largest in the world) of immunobiologicals and biopharmaceuticals. In 2001 it produced ca. 11O million doses of vaccines and 300 thousand vials of hyperimmune sera. The production units manufacture the following bioproducts: Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ...
Hyperimmune sera and antivenoms Bothrops is a genus of highly venomous pit vipers found in Central America, South America and the Caribbean. ...
Species 27 species; see list of rattlesnake species and subspecies. ...
The Elapidae, or elapids, are a family of highly venomous snakes found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including the Indian Ocean and the Pacific. ...
Binomial name Lachesis muta Linnaeus, 1766 The bushmaster (Lachesis muta) is a venomous snake of the viper family. ...
Superfamilies Pseudochactoidea Buthoidea Chaeriloidea Chactoidea Iuroidea Scorpionoidea See classification for families. ...
Families Suborder Mesothelae Liphistiidae (primitive burrowing spiders) Suborder Mygalomorphae Atypidae (atypical tarantula) Antrodiaetidae (folding trapdoor spider) Mecicobothriidae (dwarf tarantulas) Hexathelidae (venomous funnel-web tarantula) Dipluridae (funnel-web tarantula) Cyrtaucheniidae (wafer trapdoor spider) Ctenizidae (trapdoor spider) Theraphosidae (tarantula) Suborder Araneomorphae Hypochilidae (lampshade spider) Filistatidae (crevice weaver) Sicariidae (recluse spider) Scytodidae (spitting...
Species Lonomia obliqua Walker, 1855 many others The genus Lonomia is a moderate-sized group of fairly cryptic saturniid moths from South America, famous not for the adults, but for their amazingly venomous caterpillars, which are responsible for a few deaths each year, especially in southern Brazil, and the subject...
Families Andrenidae Apidae Colletidae Halictidae Megachilidae Melittidae Stenotritidae Bee collecting pollen Bees (a monophyletic lineage within the superfamily Apoidea, presently classified by the unranked taxon name Anthophila) are flying insects, closely related to wasps and ants. ...
Diphtheria (based on Greek διφθεÏα dipthera “leatherâ€), is an upper respiratory tract illness characterized by sore throat, low-grade fever, and an adherent membrane (a pseudomembrane) on the tonsil(s), pharynx, and/or nose. ...
Tetanus is a medical condition characterized by a prolonged contraction of skeletal muscle fibers, the primary symptoms are caused by tetanospasmin, a neurotoxin produced by the Gram-positive, obligate anaerobic bacterium Clostridium tetani. ...
Botulism (from Latin botulus, sausage) is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin, botulin, that is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. ...
Vaccines A toxoid is a bacterial toxin whose toxicity as been weakened or supressed while other properties, typically immunogenicity, are maintained. ...
DPT, (sometimes DTP) is a mixture of three vaccines, to immunize against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. ...
Hepatitis B is a disease of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), a member of the Hepadnavirus family[1] and one of several unrelated viral species which cause viral hepatitis. ...
Bacillus of Calmette and Guérin (BCG) is a vaccine against tuberculosis that is prepared from a strain of the attenuated (weakened) live bovine tuberculosis bacillus, Mycobacterium bovis that has lost its virulence in humans by specially culturing in artificial medium for years. ...
Biopharmaceuticals Botulin toxin is a neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium clostridium botulinum. ...
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are antibodies that are identical because they were produced by one type of immune cell, all clones of a single parent cell. ...
Erythropoietin Erythropoietin (or EPO) is a glycoprotein hormone that is a growth factor for erythrocyte (red blood cell) precursors in the bone marrow. ...
Diagram of the alveoli with both cross-section and external view Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active lipoprotein formed by type II alveolar cells. ...
Public activities The Butantan Institute is one of the major touristic and educational attractions in the city of São Paulo. It has a well visited serpentarium (snake pit), a historical museum, a biological museum, and a museum of microbiology. It is located in a vast park area in the city section of Butantan.
Butantan Foundation The Fundação Butantan is a non-profit corporation established in 1984 to use more efficiently public funds and capital investments made by the Ministry of Health for the production of immunobiologicals. The Foundation reinvests part of the proceeds to built new facilities for new products. Part of the funds are used in the Institute for research and cultural activities, as well as to provide its workers with meals and basic food supplies. 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
See also Herpetology (Greek herpeton = to creep, to ramp and logos = in this context explanation or reason) is the branch of zoology concerned with the study of reptiles and amphibians. ...
Antivenom (or antivenin, or antivenene) is a biological product used in the treatment of venomous bites or stings. ...
A vaccine is an antigenic preparation used to establish immunity to a disease. ...
The structure of insulin Biotechnology is technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. ...
Vital Brazil Mineiro da Campanha (b. ...
Brazilian science and technology has achieved in the last decades a significant position in the international arena. ...
External links - Butantan Institute Home Page (in Portuguese and English)
- How to capture and donate animals to the Institute (in English)
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