NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Butyrka prison

Butyrka prison (Russian: Бутырская тюрьма, Butyrka Бутырка is a colloquial term) was the central transit prison in pre-revolutionary Russia, located in Moscow. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Revolution. ... Moscow (Russian: ÐœÐ¾ÑÐºÐ²Ð°Ì, Moskva, IPA: (helpÂ· info)) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva. ...

The first references to the Butyrka prison may be traced back to the 17th century. The actual building of the Butyrka prison was erected in 1879 near the Butyrsky outpost (Бутырская застава, or Butyrskaya zastava) on the spot of a prison fortress, built by an architect Matvei Kazakov during the reign of Catherine the Great. The towers of the old fortress once housed the rebellious Streltsy during the reign of Peter I and later on hundreds of participants of the January Uprising of 1863 in Poland. Members of Narodnaya volya were also prisoners of the Butyrka in 1883, so as the participants of the Morozov Strike in 1885. The Butyrka prison was known for its brutal regime. The prison administration resorted to violence every time the inmates tried to protest against anything. (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... 1879 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Fortifications (Latin fortis, strong, and facere, to make) are military constructions designed for defensive warfare. ... Architect at his drawing board, 1893 An architect is a person involved in the planning, designing and oversight of a buildings construction. ... Catherine II (Екатерина II Алексеевна: Yekaterína II Alekséyevna, April 21, 1729 - November 6, 1796), born Sophie Augusta Fredericka, known as Catherine the Great, reigned as empress of Russia from June 28, 1762, to her death on November 6, 1796. ... Streltsy (Ð¡Ñ‚Ñ€ÐµÐ»ÑŒÑ†Ñ‹ in Russian), the units of Russian guardsmen (sl. ... Portrait of Peter by Paul Delaroche Peter I (Russian: ÐŸÑ‘Ñ‚Ñ€ I ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐµÐµÐ²Ð¸Ñ‡ or Pyotr I Alexeyevich)(Peter Alexeyevich Romanov) (10 June 1672â€“8 February 1725 [30 May 1672â€“ 28 January 1725 O.S.] ) ruled Russia from 7 May (27 April O.S.) 1682 until his death. ... The January Uprising was the longest Polish uprising against Tsarist Russia: it began January 22, 1863, and the last insurgents were not captured until 1865. ... 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar). ... Narodnaya Volya (ÐÐ°Ñ€Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñ in Russian, known as Peopleâ€™s Will in English) was a Russian revolutionary organization in the early 1880s. ... 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday. ...

Among its famous inmates were the influential revolutionary poet Vladimir Mayakovsky, a Russian revolutionary Nikolai Bauman, the founder of the KGB Felix Dzerzhinsky (who was one of the few individuals to stage a successful escape from the prison), and the writer Alexander Solzhenitsyn. Poet is a term applied to a person who composes poetry, including extended forms such as dramatic verse. ... Portrait of Vladimir Mayakovsky Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky (Ð’Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð¸ÌÐ¼Ð¸Ñ€ Ð’Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð¸ÌÐ¼Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ‡ ÐœÐ°ÑÐºÐ¾ÌÐ²ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹) (July 7 (O.S.) = July 19 (N.S.), 1893 - April 14, 1930) was among the foremost representatives for the poetic futurism of early 20th century Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Revolution. ... The KGB emblem and motto: The sword and the shield KGB (transliteration of ÐšÐ“Ð‘) is the Russian-language acronym for State Security Committee, (Russian: â–¶ (helpÂ· info); Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti). ... Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky (Феликс Эдмундович Дзержинский; September 11, 1877 - July 20, 1926) was a Polish Communist revolutionary, famous as the founder of the Bolshevik secret police, the Cheka, later known by many names. ... Solzhenitsyn was exiled from the Soviet Union for his book The Gulag Archipelago. ...

During the February Revolution, the workers of Moscow freed all the political prisoners from the Butyrka. After the October Revolution Butyrka remained a place of internment for political prisoners and a transfer camp for people sentenced to be sent to Gulag. The February Revolution of 1917 in Russia was the first stage of the Russian Revolution of 1917. ... A political prisoner is anyone held in prison or otherwise detained, perhaps under house arrest, because their ideas or image are deemed by a government to either challenge or threaten the authority of the state. ... The October Revolution, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was the second phase of the Russian Revolution of 1917, the first having been instigated by the events around the February Revolution. ... Gulag (Russian: Ð“Ð£Ð›ÐÐ“ â–¶ (helpÂ· info)) is an acronym for Ð“Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð£Ð¿Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð˜ÑÐ¿Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾â€”Ð¢Ñ€ÑƒÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ñ… Ð›Ð°Ð³ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¹ Ð¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð¹, Glavnoye Upravleniye Ispravitelno-trudovykh Lagerey i kolonii, The Chief Directorate [or Administration] of Corrective Labour Camps and Colonies. Anne Applebaum, in her book Gulag: A History, explains: Literally, the word GULAG is an acronym, meaning Glavnoe Upravlenie Lagerei, or Main Camp Administration. ...

Famous inmates

Categories: Buildings and structures in Moscow | Prisons in Russia Emelyan Pugachov Yemelyan Ivanovich Pugachev (Russian: ), born in 1740 or 1742 and executed in 1775, was a pretender to the Russian throne who led a great Cossack insurrection during the reign of Catherine II. Alexander Pushkin wrote a remarkable history of the rebellion; and he recounted some of the events... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with History of the Cossacks. ... 1773 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1774 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Society of the Godless (Общество безбожников in Russian); other names include Союз воинствующих безбожников (The Union of Belligerent Atheists) and Союз безбожников (The Union of the Godless), a mass volunteer antireligious organization of the Soviet workers in 1925-1947. ... Władysław Anders Lt. ... Isaac Babel Isaac Emmanuilovich Babel, Russian: Исаак Бабель (July 13 (New Style), 1894 - January 27, 1940) was a Russian journalist, playwright, and short story writer. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Categories: People stubs | 1890 births | 1962 deaths | Polish generals | Recipients of Virtuti Militari ... Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky (Феликс Эдмундович Дзержинский; September 11, 1877 - July 20, 1926) was a Polish Communist revolutionary, famous as the founder of the Bolshevik secret police, the Cheka, later known by many names. ... Cheka-KGB emblem: sword and shield The Cheka (Ð§Ðš - Ñ‡Ñ€ÐµÐ·Ð²Ñ‹Ñ‡Ð°Ð¹Ð½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ñ) was the first of many Soviet secret police organizations, created by decree on December 20, 1917 by Lenin and led by Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky. ... The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ... Poets who wrote or write much of their poetry in the Polish language. ... This article is about the art movement, futurism. ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Fabijan (Fabian) Abrantovich (AbrantoviÄ, Abrantowicz) (Belarusian Ð¤Ð°Ð±Ñ–ÑÐ½ ÐÐ±Ñ€Ð°Ð½Ñ‚Ð¾Ð²Ñ–Ñ‡) (14 September 1884 - 1946) â€” a prominent religious and civic leader from Belarus. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... In Catholicism, beatification (from Latin beatus, blessed, via Greek Î¼Î±ÎºÎ±ÏÎ¹Î¿Ï‚, makarios) is a recognition accorded by the church of a dead persons accession to Heaven and capacity to intercede on behalf of individuals who pray in their name (intercession of saints). ... Victory Square, the central place of Minsk Minsk or Miensk (Belarusian: ; Russian: ; Polish: ) is the capital and a major city of Belarus with a population of 1. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Portrait of Vladimir Mayakovsky Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky (Ð’Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð¸ÌÐ¼Ð¸Ñ€ Ð’Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð¸ÌÐ¼Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ‡ ÐœÐ°ÑÐºÐ¾ÌÐ²ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹) (July 7 (O.S.) = July 19 (N.S.), 1893 - April 14, 1930) was among the foremost representatives for the poetic futurism of early 20th century Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union. ... General Leopold Okulicki (noms de guerre Kobra, NiedÅºwiadek; 1898-1946) was a General of the Polish Army and the last commander of the Home Army during the World War II. He was murdered by the NKVD after the war. ... The Armia Krajowa or AK (Home Army) functioned as the underground army in German-occupied Poland, which was active in all areas of the country from September 1939 until its disbanding in January 1945. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Solzhenitsyn was exiled from the Soviet Union for his book The Gulag Archipelago. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... Sergei Mikhailovich Tretyakov (Riga, 1892 â€“ September 10, 1937) was a Russian constructivist writer, playwright and special correspondent for Pravda. ... A work similar to Marcel Duchamps Fountain Avant garde (written avant-garde) is a French phrase, one of many French phrases used by English speakers. ... A playwright, also known as a dramatist, is someone who writes dramatic literature or drama. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... Augustinas Voldemaras (April 16, 1883_December 16, 1942 was a Lithuanian nationalist who served as the countrys first prime minister 1918, and again from 1926 to 1929. ... This term is generally used for the Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) in the first phases of World War II. // History of the occupation Before the beginning of World War II Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed an ostensible non-aggression treaty known as... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...