? Box or Boxwood
Common Box Buxus sempervirens
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Buxales Family: Buxaceae Genus: Buxus L.
Species
About 70 species; see text Download high resolution version (960x720, 253 KB)Buxus sempervirens from French Wikipedia File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Divisions Green algae land plants (embryophytes) non-vascular embryophytes Hepatophyta - liverworts Anthocerophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses vascular plants (tracheophytes) seedless vascular plants Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongue ferns seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta - flowering... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also called angiosperms) are a major group of land plants. ... Orders see text Dicotyledons or dicots are flowering plants whose seed contains two embryonic leaves or cotyledons. ... Families Buxaceae Didymelaceae The Buxales are an order of dicotyledons, comprising the families Buxaceae and Didymelaceae. ... This article is about the box tree. ... Carolus Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as Carl von Linné â–¶(?), and in English usually under the Latinized name Carolus Linnaeus (May 23, 1707 – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of taxonomy. ...

Buxus is a genus of about 70 species in the family Buxaceae. Common names include boxwood (North America) and box (all other English-speaking countries). In biology, a genus (plural genera) is a grouping in the classification of living organisms having one or more related and morphologically similar species. ... This article is about the box tree. ...

The boxes are native to western and southern Europe, southwest, southern and eastern Asia, Africa, Madagascar, northernmost South America, Central America, Mexico and the Caribbean, with the majority of species tropical or subtropical; only the European and some Asian species are frost-tolerant. Centres of diversity occur in Cuba (about 30 species), China (17 species) and Madagascar (nine species). A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is the worlds second-smallest continent in terms of area, covering around 10,790,000 km² (4,170,000 sq mi) or 2. ... Asia is the largest and most populous of the Earths continents. ... Africa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Commonly, Central America is the region of North America located between the southern border of Mexico and the northwest border of Colombia, in South America. ... ... team chaos was ere we owned this website so fuk u. ...

They are slow-growing evergreen shrubs and small trees, growing to 2-12 m (rarely 15 m) tall. The leaves are opposite, rounded to lanceolate, and leathery; they are small in most species, typically 1.5-5 cm long and 0.3-2.5 cm broad, but up to 11 cm long and 5 cm broad in B. macrocarpa. The flowers are small and yellow-green, monoecious with both sexes present on a plant. The fruit is a small capsule 0.5-1.5 cm long (to 3 cm in B. macrocarpa), containing several small seeds. A Silver Fir shoot showing three successive years of retained leaves In botany, an evergreen plant is a plant which retains its leaves year-round, with each leaf persisting for more than 12 months. ... A willow shrub A shrub or bush is a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category of woody plant, distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, usually less than 6 m tall. ... The coniferous Coast Redwood, the tallest tree species on earth A tree can be defined as a large, perennial, woody plant. ... In botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis. ... Plant sexuality deals with the wide variety of sexual reproduction systems found across the plant kingdom. ... Fruit stall in Barcelona, Catalonia. ... SEED is a block cipher developed by the Korean Information Security Agency. ...

The genus splits into three genetically distinct sections, each section in a different region, with the Eurasian species in one section, the African (except northwest Africa) and Madagascan species in the second, and the American species in the third. The African and American sections are genetically closer to each other than to the Eurasian section (Balthazar et al., 2000).

Selected species

• Europe, northwest Africa, Asia
  • Buxus austro-yunnanensis (Yunnan Box; southwest China)
  • Buxus balearica (Balearic Box; Balearic Islands, southern Spain, northwest Africa)
  • Buxus bodinieri (China)
  • Buxus cephalantha (China)
  • Buxus cochinchensis (Malaysia)
  • Buxus colchica (Georgian Box; western Caucasus)
  • Buxus hainanensis (Hainan Box; China: Hainan)
  • Buxus harlandii (Harland's Box; southern China)
  • Buxus hebecarpa (China)
  • Buxus henryi (Henry's Box; China)
  • Buxus hyrcana (Caspian Box; Alborz, eastern Caucasus)
  • Buxus ichangensis (China)
  • Buxus latistyla (China)
  • Buxus linearifolia (China)
  • Buxus megistophylla (China)
  • Buxus microphylla (Japanese Box; Korea, China; long cultivated in Japan)
  • Buxus mollicula (China)
  • Buxus myrica (China)
  • Buxus papillosa (western Himalaya)
  • Buxus pubiramea (China)
  • Buxus rivularis (Philippines)
  • Buxus rolfei (Borneo)
  • Buxus rugulosa (China, eastern Himalaya)
  • Buxus rupicola (Malaysia)
  • Buxus sempervirens (Common Box or European Box; western and southern Europe, except far southwest)
  • Buxus sinica (Chinese Box; China, Korea, Japan)
  • Buxus stenophylla (China)
  • Buxus wallichiana (Himalayan Box; Himalaya)
• Africa, Madagascar
  • Buxus acuminata (Africa: Zaire; syn. Notobuxus acuminata)
  • Buxus calcarea (Madagascar endemic)
  • Buxus capuronii (Madagascar endemic)
  • Buxus hildebrantii (eastern Africa: Somalia, Ethiopia)
  • Buxus humbertii (Humbert's Box; Madagascar endemic)
  • Buxus itremoensis (Madagascar endemic)
  • Buxus lisowskii (Congo)
  • Buxus macowanii (Cape Box; eastern South Africa)
  • Buxus macrocarpa (Madagascar endemic)
  • Buxus madagascarica (Madagascan Box; Madagascar, Comoros)
  • Buxus monticola (Madagascar endemic)
  • Buxus moratii (Madagascar, Comoros)
  • Buxus natalensis (Natal Box; eastern South Africa; syn. Notobuxus natalensis)
  • Buxus obtusifolia (eastern Africa; syn. Notobuxus obtusifolia)
  • Buxus rabenantoandroi (Madagascar endemic; syn. B. angustifolia GE Schatz & Lowry non Mill.)
• Americas
  • Buxus aneura (Cuba)
  • Buxus bartletii (Central America)
  • Buxus brevipes (Cuba)
  • Buxus citrifolia (Venezuela)
  • Buxus crassifolia (Cuba)
  • Buxus ekmanii (Cuba)
  • Buxus excisa (Cuba)
  • Buxus heterophylla (Cuba)
  • Buxus imbricata (Cuba)
  • Buxus lancifolia (Mexico)
  • Buxus macrophylla (Central America)
  • Buxus mexicana (Mexico)
  • Buxus muelleriana (Cuba)
  • Buxus olivacea (Cuba)
  • Buxus pilosula (Cuba)
  • Buxus portoricensis (Puerto Pico)
  • Buxus pubescens (Mexico)
  • Buxus rheedioides (Cuba)
  • Buxus vahlii (Vahl's Box or Smooth Box; Puerto Pico; syn. B. laevigata)

Symbolism and uses

Boxes are commonly used for hedges and topiary, and the dense wood (called "boxwood" in all countries) is valued for wood carving. The inconspicuous flowers mean that boxes are usually only grown for their foliage. They are particularly favoured for hedges and topiary in formal gardens. Given time, neat low hedging can grow to enormous size, as at Powis Castle in north Wales. Often, however, they are kept dwarfed, as in the famous gardens at Château Villandry in France. In gardening a hedge is a row of woody plants, generally of one species, used to demarcate spaces. ... A topiary dinosaur at Epcot Topiary is the art of creating sculptures in the medium of shrubbery, after the Latin word for an ornamental landscape gardener, toparius. ... A tree trunk as found at the Veluwe, The Netherlands Wood derives from woody plants, notably trees but also shrubs. ... Carved wooden cranes Wood carving is the process whereby wood is ornamented with any design, by means of sharp cutting tools held in the hand. ... In gardening a hedge is a row of woody plants, generally of one species, used to demarcate spaces. ... A topiary dinosaur at Epcot Topiary is the art of creating sculptures in the medium of shrubbery, after the Latin word for an ornamental landscape gardener, toparius. ... Powis Castle is located in the county of Powys, Wales, near the town of Welshpool. ... National motto: Cymru am byth (Welsh: Wales for ever) Waless location within the UK Official languages English, Welsh Capital Cardiff Largest city Cardiff First Minister Rhodri Morgan Area  - Total Ranked 3rd UK 20,779 km² Population  - Total (2001)  - Density Ranked 3rd UK 2,903,085 140/km² NUTS 1... Villandry in the departement of Indre-et-Loire is the lands known as Colombier until the 17th century where an ancient fortress once stood. ...

European Box has lent its name to several places in southern England, for example Bexhill-on-Sea in Sussex and Box Hill in Surrey, and to other things, including the Boxwood Festival for flutists. Wikimedia Commons has media related to: England Travel guide to England from Wikitravel English language English law English (people) List of monarchs of England – Kings of England family tree List of English people Angeln (region in northern Germany, presumably the origin of the Angles for whom England is named) UK... Bexhill-on-Sea is a town and seaside resort in the county of East Sussex, in the south of England. ... Sussex is a traditional county in south-eastern England, corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. ... Template:Mtnbox dfdftopo There are fdof the same name about 1. ... Surrey is a county in southern England, part of the South East England region and one of the Home Counties. ... A flutist demonstrates flute-playing technique A flutist or flautist is a musician who plays the flute. ...

The American Boxwood Society specializes in the study of boxwoods, and has produced a number of publications.

References

Balthazar, M. von, Peter K. Endress, P. K., and Qiu, Y.-L. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships in Buxaceae based on nuclear internal transcribed spacers and plastid ndhF sequences. Int. J. Plant Sci. 161(5): 785–792 (available online).

External links

• About box (with Buxus distribution map)
• Revision of the genus Buxus in Madagascar (pdf file)
• American Boxwood Society

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Buxus