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Encyclopedia > COCOM
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CoCom is an acronym for Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls. CoCom was established during the Cold War to put an embargo on Western exports to East Bloc countries. Jump to: navigation, search For the generic term for a high-tension struggle between countries, see cold war (war). ... This article is about the economic term. ... During the Cold War, the Eastern Bloc (or Soviet Bloc) comprised the following Central and Eastern European countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, East Germany, Poland, Albania (until the early 1960s, see below), the Soviet Union, and Czechoslovakia. ...


CoCom had 17 member states: Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States.


In addition there were a number of cooperating countries, such as Austria, Finland, Ireland, New Zealand, Sweden and Switzerland.


It was revealed in 1987 that Japan's Toshiba Machine Company had supplied eight computer-guided propeller milling machines to the Soviet Union between 1982 and 1984; an action that violated the CoCom regulations. It was argued in the United States that this technology greatly improved the ability of Soviet submarines to evade detection, leading to a significant cost for the United States to improve its own technology once more. In 1988, Congress moved to sanction Toshiba and bar imports into the United States of Toshiba products. Toshiba Corporation (東芝, Tōshiba) (TYO: 6502) is a high technology electrical and electronics manufacturing firm, headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. ...


CoCom ceased to function on March 31, 1994, and the then current control list or embargoed goods was retained by the member nations until the successor, the Wassenaar Arrangement, was established. Jump to: navigation, search March 31 is the 90th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (91st in Leap years), with 275 days remaining, as the final day of March. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1994 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ... The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies is an arms control arrangement with 39 participating states. ...


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  Results from FactBites:
 
OPENING STATEMENT (1326 words)
COCOM had a clearly defined, mutually agreed strategic threat, and addressed that threat by embargoing exports of arms and sensitive dual use items to proscribed destinations.
Our former COCOM partners recognized that responsible national export controls and policies remained indispensable to promote international peace and security in the post-Cold War environment, even though they opposed, and continue to oppose, any COCOM-like control regime not directly related to weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and their delivery systems.
Despite this broad agreement, it was only through persistent and strong U.S. leadership that COCOM members, eventually with participation by Russia, designed a new multilateral export control regime to address the new challenges posed by regional instability and states whose behavior threatened international security.
IRIS CoCom meeting action items May 2003 (1311 words)
CoCom adopted a preferred procedure in which conflicted individual(s) may be present for general discussions.
CoCom acknowledged that the EandO budget is really only “seed funding” and that vigorous pursuit of additional external funding and establishment of partners outside of IRIS is critical to the success of the program in the absence of increases in the core program budget.
CoCom reviewed the revised PASSCAL instrument use policy and recommended some working changes more explicitly noting that the user will adhere to the Data Delivery Policy and acknowledgement of support and use of the instruments in all publications.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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