La Hague

The COGEMA La Hague site is a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant of AREVA in La Hague on the French Cotentin Peninsula that currently has nearly half of the world's light water reactor spent nuclear fuel reprocessing capacity. It has been in operation since 1976, and has a capacity of about 1700 tonnes per year. It produces MOX which is then recycled in the Marcoule site. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,048 × 1,536 pixels, file size: 668 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,048 × 1,536 pixels, file size: 668 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Cogema (Compagnie générale des matières nucléaires), a French company created in 1976 as a wholly owned subsidiary of the AREVA group, is an industrial group active in uranium mining, conversion and enrichment through spent fuel reprocessing and recycling. ... // Nuclear reprocessing separates any usable elements (e. ... AREVA (Euronext: CEI) is a France-based multinational industrial conglomerate that deals in energy, especially in nuclear power. ... La Hague is a region on the tip of the Cotentin peninsula in Normandy, France. ... The Cotentin Peninsula juts out into the English Channel from Normandy towards England, forming part of the north-west coast of France. ... Light water, in the terminology of nuclear reactors, is ordinary water. ... Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Mox are a alien race that inhabit Planet X, they are divided into clans which seem to be forever at war. ... Marcoule is located in the Chusclan and Codolet French communes, near Bagnols-sur-Cèze in the Gard department, which is in the touristic, wine and agricultural Côtes-du-Rhône region. ...

It treats spent nuclear fuel from France, Japan, Germany, Belgium, Switzerland, Italy and the Netherlands. It processed 1100 tons in 2005. The non-renewable waste is eventually sent back to the user nation, as established under international law. Recovered Plutonium is sent to Marcoule where MOX fuel is fabricated. Marcoule is located in the Chusclan and Codolet French communes, near Bagnols-sur-Cèze in the Gard department, which is in the touristic, wine and agricultural Côtes-du-Rhône region. ... Mixed oxide, or MOX fuel, is a blend of plutonium and natural uranium or depleted uranium which behaves similarly (though not identically) to the enriched uranium feed for which most nuclear reactors were designed. ...

History

The La Hague site was built after the Marcoule site originally for producing Plutonium for military purposes. In 1969 the French military had a sufficient supply of Plutonium for weapons and as such, had no use for the reprocessing center any more. After that point, the factory directed its efforts toward civil operations, and with the reduction of 350 people from the plant's workforce, its military connections ended. Also: 1969 (number) 1969 (movie) 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... Organization The French armed forces are divided into four branches: French Army, including Chasseurs Alpins Foreign Legion Marine troops light aviation engineers Navy, including Naval Air naval fusiliers and naval commandos Air Force, including territorial Air Defense air fusiliers National Gendarmerie (military police force) Every year on Bastille Day, a...

This shift to civil uses was supported by Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and strengthened by the 1973 oil crisis. Valéry Marie René Giscard dEstaing (born 2 February 1926) is a French centre-right politician who was President of the French Republic from 1974 until 1981. ... The 1973 oil crisis began in earnest on October 17, 1973, when the members of Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC, consisting of the Arab members of OPEC plus Egypt and Syria) announced, as a result of the ongoing Yom Kippur War, that they would no longer ship petroleum...

Controversy surrounding radioactive releases

Greenpeace has been campaigning since 1997 for the shutdown of the site, which they claim dumps "one million litres of liquid radioactive waste per day" into the ocean; "the equivalent of 50 nuclear waste barrels", claiming the radiation affects local beaches.^[1][2][3] They have protested by creating roadblocks and chaining themselves to vehicles transporting materials to and from the site, demonstrating that they could determine which of the otherwise unmarked shipments were carrying plutonium by watching the facility for several weeks.^[4][5][6] Eric Blanc, deputy director of the processing plant, says that although the plant does intentionally release radioactive material, the annual dose in the vicinity of the plant is less than 20 microsieverts per year, which is equivalent to the dose of solar radiation received during a transatlantic flight.^[6] The AREVA NC website emphasizes that they are committed to keeping the dose below 30 microsieverts per year.^[7] Greenpeace protest against Esso / Exxon Mobil. ... The sievert (symbol: Sv) is the SI derived unit of dose equivalent. ...

See also

• Reprocessed uranium
• Mixed oxide fuel
• Nuclear power -> Nuclear fuel cycle
  • Nuclear reprocessing -> PUREX
• Other Reprocessing Sites
  • Thorp nuclear fuel reprocessing plant
  • Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant
• West Valley Reprocessing Plant

Reprocessed uranium (RepU) is the uranium recovered from nuclear fuel reprocessing. ... Nuclear reprocessing ... This article is about applications of nuclear fission reactors as power sources. ... The nuclear fuel cycle, also called nuclear fuel chain, is the progression of nuclear fuel through a series of differing stages. ... // Nuclear reprocessing separates any usable elements (e. ... The PUREX process is used to reprocess spent nuclear fuel, in order to extract uranium and plutonium, independent of each other, from the fission products. ... THORP, or Thermal Oxide Reprocessing Plant, is a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant at Sellafield in Cumbria, England, operated by BNFL. It processes spent nuclear fuel from nuclear reactors and separates the uranium and plutonium, which can be reused in mixed oxide fuel, from the radioactive wastes, which are treated and... The Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant 六ヶ所村核燃料再処理施設 ) is a Nuclear reprocessing plant owned by Japan Nuclear Fuel Limited. ... West Valley Reprocessing Plant is a spent nuclear fuel reprocessing plant at West Valley, New York, USA, was operated successfully from 1966-72. ...

References

1. ^ GREENPEACE INSTALLS WEBCAM AT THE END OF FRANCE'S NUCLEAR REPROCESSING DISCHARGE PIPE 'TO OPEN THE EYES OF GOVERNMENTS'. Greenpeace website archive (2000-06-26). Retrieved on 2007-08-26.
2. ^ La Hague - France Nuclear Forces. GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved on 2007-08-26.
3. ^ COGEMA DISCHARGE PIPE - Collection of related press releases. Greenpeace website archive. Retrieved on 2007-08-26.
4. ^ Naegelen, Jacky. "US Bomb-Grade Plutonium Convoy to Cross France", Reuters, 2004-10-07. Retrieved on 2007-08-26. 
5. ^ Greenpeace blocks top secret transport of plutonium in France, revealing global proliferation threat is not in Iraq. Greenpeace website (2003-02-19). Retrieved on 2007-08-26.
6. ^ ^{a b} Fairley, Peter (2007-02). IEEE Spectrum: Nuclear Wasteland. Retrieved on 2007-08-26.
7. ^ Zero impact commitment. AREVA NC. Retrieved on 2007-08-26.

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External links

• La Hague Plant home page
• Processing of Used Nuclear Fuel

Coordinates: 49°40′42″N, 1°52′46″W Nuclear power plants in France (view)  Active plants  Closed plants In France, as of 2002, EDF — the countrys main electricity generation and distribution company — manages the countrys 59 nuclear power plants, which produce 79% of its power, making it the worlds leader in production of nuclear power... The Bugey Nuclear Power Station is located in Bugey in the Saint-Vulbas commune (Ain), about 30 km from the Swiss border. ... ‹ The template below (German plant) is being considered for deletion. ... The Nuclear power station Chinon (French: ) is in the city Chinon in the French Département Indre et Loire on the Vienne river. ... The Nuclear power station Chooz (French: ) lies in the municipality Chooz in Maas, close to the border of Belgium, between the French city Charleville Mézières and the Belgian municipality Dinant. ... The Civaux Nuclear Power Plant is located in the commune of Civaux (Vienne) at the edge ofVienne River between Confolens (55 km upstream) and Chauvigny (16 km downstream), and 34 km south-east of Poitiers. ... The Cruas Nuclear Power Station is a Nuclear power plant located in Cruas and Meysse communes, Ardèche next to the Rhône River. ... The Flamanville Nuclear Power Plant is located at Flamanville, Manche, France on the Cotentin Peninsula. ... The Golfech Nuclear Power Plant is located in the commune of Golfech (Tarn-et-Garonne), on the border Garonne between Agen (30 km downstream) and Toulouse (90 km upstream) on the Tarn River, from where it gets cooling water, and approximately 40 km west of Montauban. ... The Gravelines Nuclear Power Plant is located in Nord, France and is 20 km from Dunkerque and Calais. ... The Nogent Nuclear Power Plant is located in the commune of Nogent-sur-Seine, on the right bank of the Seine, in the west of the department Aube. ... The Nuclear power station Paluel (French: ) lies within the French town Paluel in the region bordering Normandy in the Département Seine-maritime. ... The Nuclear power station Penly (French: ) lies in the French municipality Penly in the region bordering Normandy in the Département Seine-maritime on the English Channel. ... The Saint-Laurent Nuclear Power Station is located in commune of Saint-Laurent-Nouan in Loir-et-Cher on the Loire River. ... The Tricastin Nuclear Power Center is a collection of sites run by Areva located in 4 different communes Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux and Pierrelatte in Drôme, Bollène and Lapalud in Vaucluse, and four departments (Drome (26), Vaucluse (84), Gard (30) and Ardeche (07)) on right bank of... Phénix is a small-scale (233 MWe) prototype fast breeder reactor in France, located in the Marcoule nuclear site. ... The Brennilis Nuclear Power Plant is a decommissioned site located in the Monts dArrée in the commune of Brennilis in Finistère, France. ... The Bugey Nuclear Power Station is located in Bugey in the Saint-Vulbas commune (Ain), about 30 km from the Swiss border. ... The Nuclear power station Chinon (French: ) is in the city Chinon in the French Département Indre et Loire on the Vienne river. ... The Nuclear power station Chooz (French: ) lies in the municipality Chooz in Maas, close to the border of Belgium, between the French city Charleville Mézières and the Belgian municipality Dinant. ... The Saint-Laurent Nuclear Power Station is located in commune of Saint-Laurent-Nouan in Loir-et-Cher on the Loire River. ... Superphoenix (French: Superphénix or SPX) is a nuclear power station on the Rhône River at Creys-Malville in France, close to the border with Switzerland. ... Location of Cadarache, France Cadarache in Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence-Alpes-Côte-dAzur, France is a research center for nuclear energy created in 1959 by the Commissariat à lÉnergie Atomique. ... Marcoule is located in the Chusclan and Codolet French communes, near Bagnols-sur-Cèze in the Gard department, which is in the touristic, wine and agricultural Côtes-du-Rhône region. ... Entrance sign The Meuse/Haute Marne Underground Research Laboratory is a laboratory located 500 m underground in Bure in the Meuse département. ... The nuclear fuel cycle, also called nuclear fuel chain, is the progression of nuclear fuel through a series of differing stages. ... Eurodif, which means European Gaseous Diffusion Uranium Enrichment Consortium, is a subsidiary company of French company Cogéma which exploits a uranium enrichment plant established in the nuclear site of Tricastin in Pierrelatte in Drôme. ... List of nuclear reactors is a comprehensive annotated list of all the nuclear reactors of the world, sorted by country. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...