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Common rail direct fuel injection is a modern variant of direct injection system for Diesel engines. It features a high-pressure (1000+ bar) fuel rail feeding individual solenoid valves, as opposed to low-pressure fuel pump feeding pump nozzles or high-pressure fuel line to mechanical valves controlled by cams on the camshaft. Third generation common rail diesels now feature piezoelectric injectors for even greater accuracy, with fuel pressures up to 1700 bar. The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ...
A Diesel engine built by MAN AG in 1906 Rudolf Diesels 1893 patent on his engine design The diesel engine is a type of internal combustion engine; more specifically, it is a compression ignition engine, in which the fuel is ignited solely by the high temperature created by compression...
The use of water pressure - the Captain Cook Memorial Jet in Lake Burley Griffin, Canberra. ...
The bar (symbol bar) and the millibar (symbol mbar, also mb) are units of pressure. ...
Various solenoid actuators from Trombetta Motion Technologies A solenoid is a loop of wire, often wrapped around a metallic core, which produces a magnetic field when an electrical current is passed through it. ...
A valve is a device that regulates the flow of fluids (either gases, fluidised solids, slurries or liquids) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing, various passageways. ...
mechanical fuel pump, fitted to cylinder head Electric fuel pump Petro-Canada Fuel Pump used to transfer fuel at a gas station. ...
A cam is a projecting part of a rotating wheel or shaft that strikes a lever at one or more points on its circular path. ...
Double overhead cams control the opening and closing of a cylinders valves The camshaft is an apparatus used in piston engines to operate poppet valves. ...
Piezoelectricity is the ability of certain crystals to produce a voltage when subjected to mechanical stress. ...
History
The common rail system prototype was developed in the late 1960s by Robert Huber of Switzerland. After that, Ganser of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology developed the common rail technology further. In the mid-nineties, Dr. Shohei Itoh and Masahiko Miyaki, of the Denso Corporation, a Japanese automotive parts manufacturer, developed the Common Rail Fuel System for Heavy Duty Vehicles and finally turned into its first practical use on their ECD-U2 Common Rail system, which was mounted on the Hino Raising Ranger truck and sold for general use in 1995. The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ...
ETH Zurich (from its German name Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, ETHZ) is the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich, Switzerland. ...
DENSO Corporation (æ ªå¼ä¼šç¤¾ãƒ‡ãƒ³ã‚½ãƒ¼) (TYO: 6902) is a global automotive components manufacturer headquartered in the city of Kariya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. ...
1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The modern common rail system was extensively prototyped in the 1990's, with collaboration between Magneti Marelli, Centro Ricerche Fiat and Elasis. After research and development by the Fiat Group, the design was aquired by the German company Robert Bosch GmbH for completion of development and making suitable for mass-production, whom later in 1997 extended its use for passenger cars. First car that used common rail system was model year 1997 Alfa Romeo 156 1.9 JTD and later on that same year Mercedes-Benz E 320 CDI. Common rail engines had been used in marine and locomotive applications for some time. The Cooper-Bessemer GN-8 (circa 1942) is an example of a hydraulically operated common rail diesel engine, also know as a modified common rail. The engines are suitable for all types of road car, ranging from city cars such as the Fiat Nuova Panda to large family cars like the Alfa Romeo 159. Magneti-Marelli is an Italian company which designs and produces high-tech components and systems for the automotive industry. ...
The phrase research and development (also R and D or R&D) has a special commercial significance apart from its conventional coupling of scientific research and technological development. ...
FIAT Group, or Fiat S.p. ...
The Robert Bosch GmbH is a German company which was started in 1886 by Robert Bosch. ...
Mass production is notable because it permits very high rates of production per worker and therefore provides very inexpensive products. ...
1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Alfa Romeo 156, manufactured by Alfa Romeo, was introduced in 1997 as replacement for the 155. ...
Mercedes E280 CDI Mercedes E280 CDI The Mercedes-Benz E-Class is a mid-sized luxury automobile sold by the Mercedes-Benz branch of DaimlerChrysler. ...
A locomotive (from Latin loco motivus) is a railway vehicle that provides the motive power for a train, and has no payload capacity of its own; its sole purpose is to move the train along the tracks. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Urban car. ...
The Fiat Panda is a city car from the Italian automotive manufacturer Fiat. ...
A Ford Focus, classed as a small family car. ...
2005 Alfa Romeo 159 The Alfa Romeo 159 is a mid-size sedan produced by the Italian manufacturer Alfa Romeo since 2005. ...
Common rail today Today the common rail system has brought about a revolution in diesel engine technology. Delphi Automotive Systems make common rail systems. Different car makers refer to their common rail engines by different names: Delphi logo from 2005 Delphi OTCBB: DPHIQ is an automotive parts company headquartered in Troy, Michigan, USA. It was spun-off from General Motors on May 28, 1999. ...
DaimlerChrysler AG headquartered in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg (Germany) and Auburn Hills, Michigan (USA), is a prominent automobile and truck manufacturer and financial services provider (through DaimlerChrysler Financial Services). ...
CDI may stand for: Course deviation indicator, an aircraft navigation instrument Center for Defense Information Center for Domain Integration Customer data integration Collector Diffusion Isolation, in semiconductor manufacturing diesel engines Chief of Defense Intelligence, a military position Collateral Duty Inspector, a maintenance position doing quality assurance Custodial Detention Index, a...
Jeep is an automobile marque (and registered trademark) of DaimlerChrysler. ...
FIAT Group, or Fiat S.p. ...
FIAT Group, or Fiat S.p. ...
Alfa Romeo is an Italian automobile manufacturing company, founded as Darracq Italiana by Cavaliere Ugo Stella, an aristocrat from Milan in partnership with the French automobile firm of Alexandre Darracq. ...
Lancia is an Italian automobile manufacturer founded in 1906 by Vincenzo Lancia, part of the Fiat group since 1969. ...
JTD is Fiats term for its turbocharged diesel engines. ...
For other uses, see Honda (disambiguation). ...
The Hyundai Kia Automotive Group refers to the group of affiliated companies interconnected by complex shareholding arrangements, with Hyundai Motor Company regarded as de facto representative of the Group. ...
now. ...
Renault S.A. is a French vehicle manufacturer producing cars, vans, buses, tractors and trucks. ...
DCI is a three-letter acronym with more than one meaning. ...
General Motors Corporation, also known as GM, is the worlds largest automaker. ...
Opel is an automobile maker in Germany. ...
Common rail direct fuel injection is a modern variant of direct injection system for Diesel engines. ...
Mitsubishi Motors Corporation (in Japanese: 三菱自動車工業, in romaji Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha) is a Japanese automobile company, manufacturing an extensive range of cars and trucks (see Fuso). ...
PSA Peugeot Citroën (PSA) is a vehicle company that owns the marques Peugeot and Citroën. ...
SsangYong can refer to: SsangYong Motor Company SsangYong Group This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
Toyota redirects here. ...
Common rail direct fuel injection is a modern variant of direct injection system for Diesel engines. ...
Nissan Motor Co. ...
Principles Solenoid or piezoelectric valves make possible fine electronic control over the injection time and amount, and the higher pressure that the common rail technology makes available provides better fuel atomisation. In order to lower engine noise, a small "pilot" amount of fuel can be injected just before the main load, effectively reducing its explosiveness; some advanced common rail fuel systems perform as many as five injections per stroke. Piezoelectricity is the ability of certain crystals to produce a voltage when subjected to mechanical stress. ...
In automotive electronics, an electronic control unit (ECU) is an embedded microcomputer that controls one or more of the electrical subsystems in a vehicle. ...
Atomization is common practice to inject the fuel into the combustor (or premixer) through a nozzle, which atomizes the fuel. ...
Environmental Noise is unwanted sound, which may cause both nuisance and damage to health. ...
Common rail engines require no heating up time, and produce lower engine noise and lower emissions than older systems.
In older diesel engines, a distributor-type injection pump, regulated by the engine, supplies bursts of fuel to injectors which are simply nozzles through which the diesel is sprayed into the engine's combustion chamber. As the fuel is at low pressure and there cannot be precise control of fuel delivery, the spray is relatively coarse and the combustion process is relatively crude and inefficient.
 In common rail systems, the distributor injection pump is eliminated. Instead an extremely high pressure pump stores a reservoir of fuel at high pressure—up to 1,800 bar (180 MPa)—in a "common rail", basically a tube which in turn branches off to computer-controlled injector valves, each of which contains a precision-machined nozzle and a plunger driven by a solenoid. Driven by a computer (which also controls the amount of fuel to the pump), the valves, rather than pump timing, control the precise moment when the fuel injection into the cylinder occurs and also allow the pressure at which the fuel is injected into the cylinders to be increased. As a result, the fuel that is injected atomises easily and burns cleanly, reducing exhaust emissions and increasing efficiency. The megapascal, symbol MPa is an SI unit of pressure. ...
In addition, the engine's electronic control unit can inject a small amount of diesel just before the main injection event ("pilot" injection), thus reducing noise and vibration, as well as optimising injection timing and quantity for variations in fuel quality, cold starting, and so on. In automotive electronics, an electronic control unit (ECU) is an embedded microcomputer that controls one or more of the electrical subsystems in a vehicle. ...
Most European automakers have common rail diesels in their model lineups, even for commercial vehicles. Some Japanese manufacturers, such as Toyota, Nissan and recently Honda, have also developed common rail diesel engines. Some Indian companies have also successfully implemented this technology, notably Mahindra & Mahindra for their 'Scorpio-CRDe' and Tata Motors for their 'Safari-DICOR'. Toyota redirects here. ...
Nissan Motor Co. ...
For other uses, see Honda (disambiguation). ...
See also A Diesel engine built by MAN AG in 1906 Rudolf Diesels 1893 patent on his engine design The diesel engine is a type of internal combustion engine; more specifically, it is a compression ignition engine, in which the fuel is ignited solely by the high temperature created by compression...
Turbo Direct Injection - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...
Gasoline direct injection or GDI is a variant of fuel injection employed in modern four stroke petrol engines. ...
External links - BSG GmbH: common rail system codeveloped by Daimler-Benz, Fiat, Elasis and Bosch
- Common rail 101
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