NationMaster - Encyclopedia: CSS Shenandoah

Career

Purchased:	1864
Commissioned:	October 19, 1864
Decommissioned:	November 6, 1865
Fate:	Turned over to British authorities
General characteristics
Displacement:	1160 tons
Length:	230 ft (70 m)
Beam:	32 ft (9.8 m)
Draught:	20 ft 6 in (6.2 m)
Propulsion:	Sails and steam engine
Speed:	9 knots (17 km/h) under steam
Complement:	109 officers and men
Armament:	4 x 8 in (203 mm) smoothbore cannons, 2 x 32 pounder (15 kg) rifled cannons, 2 x 12 pounder (5 kg) cannons

The CSS Shenandoah, formerly Sea King, was an iron-framed, teak-planked, full-rigged vessel with auxiliary steam power, under Captain James Waddell, CSN, a North Carolinian with twenty years' service in the Federal navy. The Shenandoah fired the last shot of the American Civil War, in waters off the Aleutian Islands. CSS Shenandoah in dry dock in Australia, 1865 From the public domain U.S. Naval Historical Center. ... Confederate Naval Jack icon for ship pages File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Commander James Iredell Waddell, CSN Pencil sketch of CSS Shenandoah, drawn by James Iredell Waddell James Iredell Waddell (July 3, 1824 - March 15, 1886) was an officer in the United States Navy and later in the Confederate States Navy. ... CSN Jack CSS Alabama, a ship of the Confederate States Navy The Confederate States Navy was the branch of the Confederate States armed forces responsible for naval operations during the American Civil War. ... The American Civil War (1861â€“1865) was fought in North America within the United States of America, between twenty-four mostly northern states of the Union and the Confederate States of America, a coalition of eleven southern states that declared their independence and claimed the right of secession from the... Looking down the Aleutians from an airplane. ...

She was designed as a British transport for troops to the East, and was built on the River Clyde, Scotland, but the Confederate Government purchased her in 1864 for use as an armed cruiser. On October 8, she sailed from London ostensibly for Bombay, India, on a trading voyage. She rendezvoused at Funchal, Madeira, with the steamer Laurel, bearing officers and the nucleus of a crew for Sea King, together with naval guns, ammunition, and stores. Commanding Officer Lieutenant James Iredell Waddell supervised her conversion to a ship-of-war in nearby waters. Waddell was barely able, however, to bring his crew to half strength even with additional volunteers from Sea King and Laurel. The new cruiser was commissioned on October 19 and her name changed to Shenandoah. The River Clyde, looking eastwards upstream, as it passes beneath the Kingston Bridge. ... Scotland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... For other meanings of confederate and confederacy, see confederacy (disambiguation) National Motto Deo Vindice (Latin: Under God our Vindicator) Official language English de facto nationwide Various European and Native American languages regionally Capital Montgomery, Alabama February 4, 1861–May 29, 1861 Richmond, Virginia May 29, 1861–April 9, 1865 Largest... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... USS Port Royal, a Ticonderoga-class guided missile cruiser, launched in 1994. ... October 8 is the 281st day of the year (282nd in leap years). ... Part of the London skyline viewed from the South Bank London is the most populous city in the European Union, with an estimated population on 1 January 2005 of 7,421,328 and a metropolitan area population of between 12 and 14 million. ... This article or section should be merged with Mumbai Mumbai (previously known as Bombay) is the worlds most populous conurbation, and is the sixth most populous agglomeration in the world. ... Funchal (pron. ... For other uses of the word, see Madeira (disambiguation) Madeira Islands location. ... October 19 is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

In accord with operation concepts originated in the Confederate Navy Department and developed by its agents in Europe, Shenandoah was assigned to "seek out and utterly destroy" commerce in areas as yet undisturbed, and thereafter her course lay in pursuit of merchantmen on the Cape of Good Hope-Australia route and of the Pacific whaling fleet. En route to the Cape she picked up six prizes. Five of these were put to the torch or scuttled, after Capt. waddell had safely rescued crew and passengers; the other was bonded and employed for transport of prisoners to Bahia, Brazil. Still short-handed, though her crew had been increased by forced enlistments from prizes, Shenandoah arrived at Melbourne, Australia, on January 25, 1865, where she filled her complement and her storerooms, she also took on 40 crew who were stowaways but had enlisted in town hall meetings in Ballarat where the crew had been entertained during her refit at Williamstown. Europe - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... 1888 Map of the Cape of Good Hope The expression Cape of Good Hope is used in two senses (1) sensu stricto it is a wild and rocky headland in South Africa, on the southern fringe of the Cape Peninsula, some thirty kilometres south of Cape Town (2) sensu lato... For other meanings of Pacific, see Pacific (disambiguation). ... The crew of the oceanographic research vessel Princesse Alice, of Albert Grimaldi (later Prince Albert I of Monaco) pose while flensing a catch Whaling is the hunting and killing of whales. ... Salvador and BaÃa de Todos os Santos from space, April 1997 Morning Street Scene, Bahia, Brazil, about 1900 Salvador (in full, SÃ£o Salvador da BaÃa de Todos os Santos, meaning Holy Savior of the Bay of All Saints) is a city on the northeast coast of Brazil... City of Melbourne Local Government Area State Victoria Lord Mayor John So (since 2001) Area 36 kmÂ² Population (2001) 57,960 Density 1,601/kmÂ² (1999) Greater Melbourne Subdivisions Local Government Areas Area 7,694 kmÂ² (1999) Population 2001 census (2nd in Australia) 3,555,321 Density 462. ... January 25 is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ...

Shenandoah had taken but a single prize in the Indian Ocean, but hunting became more profitable as she approached the whaling grounds. Waddell burned four whalers in the Caroline Islands and another off the Kurile Islands, without loss of life. After a 3-week cruise in the ice and fog of the Sea of Okhotsk failed to yield a single prize, due to a warning which had preceded him, Waddell headed north past the Aleutian Islands into the Bering Sea and the Arctic Ocean. On June 23, he learned from a prize of General Robert E. Lee's surrender and the flight from Richmond, Virginia of the Confederate Government 10 weeks previously. Nevertheless, he elected to continue hostilities, and captured 21 more prizes, the last 11 being taken in the space of 7 hours in the waters just below the Arctic Circle. Sunset at Colonia on Yap The Caroline Islands form a large archipelago of widely scattered islands in the western Pacific Ocean, northeast of New Guinea. ... The Kuril Islands The Kuril Islands (Russian: Кури́льские острова́), also known as Kurile Islands, stretch northeast from Hokkaido, Japan, to Kamchatka, separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the North Pacific Ocean. ... Sea of Okhotsk The Sea of Okhotsk (named after Okhotsk, the first Russian settlement in the Far East) is a part of the western Pacific Ocean, lying between the Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, the island of Hokkaido to the far south, the island... Looking down the Aleutians from an airplane. ... The Bering (or Imarpik) Sea is a body of water above, and separted from, the north Pacific Ocean Ocean by the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands. ... June 23 is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 191 days remaining. ... General is a high military rank, used by nearly every country in the world. ... Robert Edward Lee, as a U.S. Army Colonel before the war Robert Edward Lee (January 19, 1807 â€“ October 12, 1870) was a career army officer and the most successful general of the Confederate forces during the American Civil War. ... Richmond is the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia, in the United States of America. ... State nickname: Old Dominion Other U.S. States Capital Richmond Largest city Virginia Beach Governor Mark R. Warner (D) Tim Kaine (D-Governor Elect) Senators John Warner (R) George Allen (R) Official language(s) English Area 110,862 kmÂ² (35th) - Land 102,642 kmÂ² - Water 8,220 kmÂ² (7. ... World map showing the five major circles of latitude Two shirtless young men brave the cold at the edge of the Arctic Circle in Grimsey, Iceland A sign along the Dalton Highway marking the location of the Arctic Circle The Arctic Circle is one of the five major circles of...

Waddell then ran south to intercept commerce bound from the West Coast to the Far East and Latin America, and on 2 August received intelligence from a British bark of the U.S. Civil War's termination some 4 months before. Immediately Shenandoah underwent physical alteration. She was dismantled as a man-of-war; her battery was dismounted and struck below, and her hull repainted to resemble an ordinary merchant vessel. Waddell brought her into Liverpool on November 6 and surrendered her to British authorities, who turned her over to the United States. See: West Coast of the United States West Coast, New Zealand West Coast, Tasmania This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Far East is an inexact term often used for East Asia and Southeast Asia combined, sometimes including also the easternmost territories of Russia, i. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... In the 18th century, the British Royal Navy used the term Bark for a nondescript vessel which did not fit any of its usual categories. ... The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 until 1865 between the northern states, popularly referred to as the U.S., the Union, the North, or the Yankees; and the seceding southern states, commonly referred to as the Confederate States of America, the CSA, the Confederacy... Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough in Northwest England. ... November 6 is the 310th day of the year (311th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 55 days remaining. ...

Shenandoah had remained at sea for 12 months and 17 days, had traversed 58,000 miles (carrying the Confederate flag around the globe for the first and only time) and sunk or captured 38 ships, mostly whalers, and two-thirds of them after the close of hostilities. Waddell took close to a thousand prisoners, without a single war casualty among his crew: two men died of diseases. The tricolor flag of France A flag is a piece of coloured cloth flown from a pole or mast, usually for purposes of signalling or identification. ...

A recent historian of the Shenandoah has assessed Waddell's depredations at dealing a death-blow to the New England whaling industry and crippling Union shipping: in 1860, two-thirds of the shipping tonnage leaving New York harbor was in American ships. Three years later foreign shipping, especially that of Great Britain, carried three-quarters of the trade. "By the time the Shenandoah lowered its flag, 715 American vessels had been transferred to the British flag to escape capture or bankruptcy" (Schooler 2005). The stage was set for a British domination of world shipping that lasted until World War I.

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