NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Cairn Terrier

The Cairn Terrier is a breed of dog of the terrier category. It is one of the oldest terriers, originating in the Scottish Highlands and recognised as one of Scotland's earliest working dogs, used for hunting burrowing prey among the cairns. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1600 Ã— 1200 pixel, file size: 1. ... This article is about the country. ... FÃ©dÃ©ration Cynologique Internationale (FCI) (English, World Canine Organization), is an international Kennel Club based in Thuin, Belgium. ... Â© The American Kennel Club (or AKC) is the largest registry of purebred dog pedigrees in the United States. ... The Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC) is the peak body in Australia responsible for promoting excellence in breeding, showing, trialling, obedience, and other canine-related activities and the ownership of temperamentally and physically sound purebred dogs by responsible individuals across Australia. ... The Canadian Kennel Club (or C.K.C.) is the primary registry body for purebred dog pedigrees in Canada. ... The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom is a club aiming to improve the relationships between dogs and their owners. ... The New Zealand Kennel Club is an organisation responsible for dog pedigree registration services in New Zealand. ... The United Kennel Club (or UKC) is the second oldest all-breed registry of purebred dog pedigrees in the United States and the second largest in the world. ... Dogs have been selectively bred for thousands of years, sometimes by inbreeding dogs from the same ancestral lines, sometimes by mixing dogs from very different lines. ... Trinomial name Canis lupus familiaris The dog (Canis lupus familiaris) is a domestic subspecies of the wolf, a mammal of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. ... For other uses, see Terrier (disambiguation). ... This article is about the country. ... Lowland-Highland divide Highland Sign with welcome in English and Gaelic The Scottish Highlands (A GhÃ idhealtachd in Gaelic) include the rugged and mountainous regions of Scotland north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault. ... For the comedy group, see Working Dog Productions. ... For other uses, see Cairn (disambiguation). ...

Appearance

The breed standard can be found on the Cairn Terrier Club of America website. The current standard was approved on May 10, 1938 and it was adopted from the The Kennel Club of Great Britain. According to the American standard, dogs should weigh 14 pounds and stand 10" at the withers. Females should weigh 13 pounds and stand 9.5" at the withers. A Cairn's appearance may vary from this standard. It is common for a Cairn to stand between 9 and 13 inches (23-33 cm) at the withers and weigh 13 to 18 pounds (6 to 8 kg). European Cairns tend to be larger than American Cairns. Due to irresponsible breeding, many Cairns available today are much smaller or much larger than the breed standard. Cairns that have had puppy mill backgrounds can weigh as little as 7 pounds or as much as 27 pounds. The withers is the highest point on an animals back, on the ridge between its shoulder blades. ... The withers is the highest point on an animals back, on the ridge between its shoulder blades. ... Puppy mills (known as puppy farms in the UK and Australia) are dog breeding operations that are considered by some to be disreputable and sometimes hazardous to the health of the animals due to the conditions of the breeding kennel. ...

The Cairn Terrier has a harsh, weather-resistant outer coat that can be cream, wheaten, red, sandy, gray, or brindled in any of these colors. Pure black, black and tan, and white are not permitted by many kennel clubs. While registration of white Cairns was once permitted, after 1917 the American Kennel Club required them to be registered as West Highland White Terriers. A notable characteristic of Cairns is that brindled Cairns frequently change color throughout their lifetime. It is not uncommon for a brindled Cairn to become progressively more black or silver as it ages. The Cairn is double-coated, with a soft, dense undercoat and a harsh outer coat. A well-groomed Cairn has a rough-and-ready appearance, free of artifice or exaggeration. Galgo EspaÃ±ol with light brindle coat This article concerns animal colour. ... A kennel club (known as a kennel council or canine council in some countries) is an organization for canine affairs that concerns itself with the breeding, showing and promotion of more than one breed of dog. ... Â© The American Kennel Club (or AKC) is the largest registry of purebred dog pedigrees in the United States. ... West Highland White Terriers, commonly known as Westies, are a breed of dog known for their spirited personality and brilliant white coat. ... A dogs coat is its fur. ... Undercoat can refer to: The down hairs in a mammals fur A layer of paint beneath the main painted surface This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... A topcoat is: An overcoat The guard hairs of an animal; a conformation point in the hobby of animal fancy. ...

Temperament

Cairn Terriers are intelligent, lively, strong, and loyal. Like most terriers, they are stubborn and strong-willed, and love to dig after real or imagined prey. Cairn Terriers have a strong prey instinct and will need comprehensive training. However, they are highly intelligent and, although very willful, can be trained. Although it is often said that they are disobedient, this is not the case provided correct training is applied; they are headstrong though, and should always be walked with a leash.

Cairns are working dogs and are still used as such in parts of Scotland. Many Cairn Terriers are very independent and do not make good "lap dogs". The image of Cairn Terriers being like "Toto" from the Wizard of Oz is a partial misconception. In reality, these dogs do not always like to snuggle and, like Toto, would heartily object to being kept in a basket. Terry, the Cairn Terrier who played Toto in the film Toto is the name of a fictional dog in L. Frank Baums Oz series of childrens books, and works derived from them. ...

Image File history File links Molly_the_Cairn_Terrier. ... Image File history File links Molly_the_Cairn_Terrier. ...

Grooming

Cairn Terriers should always be hand stripped. Using scissors or shears can ruin the dog's rugged outer coat after one grooming. Hand stripping involves pulling the old dead hair out by the roots. This does not harm the dog in any way. Removing the dead hair in this manner allows new growth to come in. This new growth helps protect the dog from water and dirt.

Health

These dogs are generally healthy and live on average about fifteen years. Yet breeders, owners and veterinarians have identified several health problems that are significant for Cairns. Some of these diseases are hereditary while others occur as a result of nonspecific factors (i.e. infections, toxins, injuries, or advanced age). For the scientific journal Heredity see Heredity (journal) Heredity (the adjective is hereditary) is the transfer of characters from parent to offspring, either through their genes or through the social institution called inheritance (for example, a title of nobility is passed from individual to individual according to relevant customs and...

Some of the more common hereditary health problems found in the Cairn are: For the scientific journal Heredity see Heredity (journal) Heredity (the adjective is hereditary) is the transfer of characters from parent to offspring, either through their genes or through the social institution called inheritance (for example, a title of nobility is passed from individual to individual according to relevant customs and...

Currently, the Cairn Terrier Club of America along with the Institute for Genetic Disease Control in Animals maintain an open registry for Cairn Terriers in hopes of reducing the occurrence of hereditary diseases within the breed. Breeders voluntarily submit their dogs' test results for research purpose, as well as for use by individuals who seek to make sound breeding decisions. Cataract is also used to mean a waterfall or where the flow of a river changes dramatically. ... Ocular Melanosis (OM) is a disease in the eyes which among dogs is almost only found in Cairn Terrier. ... Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a genetic disease of the retina that occurs bilaterally and is seen in certain breeds of dogs. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Krabbe disease (also known as globoid cell leukodystrophy or galactosylceramide lipidosis) is a rare, often fatal degenerative disorder that affects the nervous system. ... This article covers Hip dysplasia, a condition affecting the hip joint, which occurs in humans but is more commonly associated with animals, especially dogs (Canine hip dysplasia). ... Legg-CalvÃ©-Perthes syndrome is a degenerative disease of the hip joint, where a loss of bone mass leads to some degree of collapse of the hip joint, that is, to deformity of the ball of the femur and the surface of the hip socket. ... Craniomandibular osteopathy is a developmental disease in dogs causing extensive bony changes in the mandible and skull. ... Von Willebrand disease (vWD) is the most common hereditary coagulation abnormality described in humans, although it can also be acquired as a result of other medical conditions. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A portosystemic shunt (PSS), also known as a liver shunt, is a bypass of the liver by the bodys circulatory system. ... Luxating patella, or trick knee, is a condition in which the patella, or kneecap, dislocates or moves out of its normal location. ... Entropion is a medical condition in which the eyelids fold inward. ... For the scientific journal Heredity see Heredity (journal) Heredity (the adjective is hereditary) is the transfer of characters from parent to offspring, either through their genes or through the social institution called inheritance (for example, a title of nobility is passed from individual to individual according to relevant customs and...

Famous Cairns

Terry, the dog who played Toto in the 1939 screen adaptation of The Wizard of Oz, was a Cairn Terrier. Due to the identification of the State of Kansas with the original story The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, a resident of Wichita, Kansas has begun a drive to make the Cairn Terrier the official dog of the State of Kansas. Cairn terriers have also appeared in other movies: Terry, the Cairn Terrier who played Toto in the film Toto is the name of a fictional dog in L. Frank Baums Oz series of childrens books, and works derived from them. ... The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 musical fantasy film produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. ... The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900) is a childrens book written by L. Frank Baum and illustrated by W.W. Denslow. ... For other uses, see Wichita (disambiguation). ...

For the Australian soccer player, see Paul OGrady (footballer). ... The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a country in western Europe, and member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the G8, the European Union, and NATO. Usually known simply as the United Kingdom, the UK, or (inaccurately) as Great Britain or Britain, the UK has four constituent... For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ... EastEnders is a popular BBC television soap opera, first broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC1 on 19 February 1985[4] and continuing to date. ... I Love Lucy is a television situation comedy, starring Desi Arnaz and Lucille Ball, also featuring Vivian Vance and William Frawley. ... Maximum Ride is a teen book series written by the award-winning American author, James Patterson, starting from April 11, 2005 and continuing to the present. ...

References

The CairnTerrierHistoryII Yahoo!Group The following articles are available in the files section of the CairnTerrierHistory Yahoo!Group: Image File history File links Question_book-3. ...

6. Oct. 1907 Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine Working Terriers - preCairn date of publication

7. 1909 THE DOG BOOK: [The Terrier, The Dandie, The Skye, The Scottish] JAMES WATSON

11. Country Life in America Mrs. Williams-Campbell/Article Titled Cairn Terrier

12. Feb. 1915 Country Life in America James Watson/The Terriers of Scotland

19. Sept. 1922 Country Life (London) A. Croxton Smith/The Terriers of Scotland

22. 1928 The Scottish Terrier Dorothy Gabriel/A Book with a Chapter on Cairns by Kate L. Stephen

24. Mar. 1928 et seq. AKC Gazette Scottish Dogs in Song and Story Part III Freeman Lloyd

25. Aug. 1928 AKC Gazette Arthur Fredrick Jones/How a Sky-Line Kennel Makes Good (Tapscot Kennel)

27. Jun. 1929 AKC Gazette F Lloyd [Non Cairn] Freeman Lloyd Some Dogs I Knew In My Youth

29. Jan. 1933 AKC Gazette Win or Lose, It's a Great Game Elizabeth H. Anderson

30. Jun. 1933 AKC Gazette C. Brewster Macpherson/Cairns Are Working Terriers

31. Oct. 1934 AKC Gazette [Mrs. Byron] (Alice [Lang]) Rogers and Corinne S. W. Ward/Why We Needed a New Standard

35. Feb. 1936 National Geographic Magazine Lloyd Freeman Lloyd Discusses the Cairn Terrier

36. Nov. 1, 1936 Jones, Frederick Arthur. Cairndania Wants Its Fnest Dogs Of The Show Ring To Be True Pals AKC Gazette November 1, 1936

37. 1937 Ross The Cairn Terrier Ch 5 Interbreeding of Cairns and West Highland White Terriers

38. 1937 Highland ponies, and some reminiscences of Highlandmen by John M. Macdonald

40. Sept. 1938 AKC Gazette FP/Breed Column Quotes 'Recent' Issue of Our Dogs

41. May 1939 AKC Gazette Arthur Frederick Jones/Noted Cairndania Danes and Cairns

45. Apr. 1954 AKC Gazette CWH/Comments of Betty Hyslop on Trip to UK and the Purchase of Redletter McRuffie

47. Dec. 1956 AKC Gazette FP/Comments of Miss Frances Porter on Early History

48. Nov. 1958 AKC Gazette LSC/Comments of Carl Brewer on the AKC Breed Standard

50. Jan. 1963 AKC Gazette LCH/Comments of Lydia Coleman Hutchinson on "Living Legend Breeders"

56. Jul. 1968 AKC Gazette GAJ/Comments of Bradshaw, Whitehead and F. Hamilton on Proposed Revision of the Am Standard

57. Sept. 1970 AKC Gazette GAJ/Comments of Walter Bradshaw in Reply to M. Jennings of England

58. May 1972 AKC Gazette GAJ/Comments of Mr. A.K.M. Meiklejohn of Cornton Cairns

59. Feb. 1976 Thistle Talk Brown, Thelma/Proper Movement in Short-legged Terriers

60. Jul. 1976 AKC Gazette July 1976 TC/Comments of Taylor Coleman on the First Days of Wolfpit, i.e.,Jan. 1939

61. 1982 Proudlock, Hyslop, Henderson et al. gleanings on Redletter's Influence

62. Jul. 9, 1982 Wilson Bradshaw Rose Dog World Peggy Wilson tribute to Bradshaw; Quotes Rose

63. Mar. 1984 Dogs Monthly Proudlock "The History of the Cairn Terrier" with Proudlock C.V.

67. Cairn Terriers at the Westminster KC Dog Show ~ Best of Breed and Group Winners 1914 - 2004

68. 2005 Spring Cairn Capers Sean Albert Breeding the Old Working Terrier of Skye and the West Highlands, Now Known as the Cairn Terrier

Peggy Wilson, "The Modern Cairn?," CAIRN 85: an illustrated souvenir publication donated to the South Wales & West of England Cairn Terrier Club, ed. Graham Peers, (UK: Privately Published, 1986[?]): 45-46.

Books

Beynon, J. W. H. & Fisher, A. (1963; 1961). The Cairn Terrier 3rd ed. rev. New York : Arco. Accession No: OCLC: 2546448.

Beynon, J. W. H. & Fisher, A. (1961). The Popular Cairn Terrier 3d ed. rev. London, Popular Dogs. Accession No: OCLC: 1432158.

Beynon, J. W. H. & Fisher, A. (1969). The Cairn Terrier 4th ed. rev. London, Popular Dogs. ISBN: 0090614526. [Previous editions published under title: The Popular Cairn Terrier.]

Beynon, J. W. H. & Fisher, A. (1970). The Cairn Terrier Rev. ed. New York: Arco. Accession No: OCLC: 8025355.

Beynon, J. W. H. & Fisher, A. (1974). The Cairn Terrier Rev. ed. New York : Arco. Accession No: OCLC: 1654828.

Beynon, J. W. H. & Fisher, A. (1974). The Cairn Terrier 5th ed. New York: Arco Pub. Co. Accession No: OCLC: 1168868.

Beynon, J. W. H. & Fisher, A. [revised by Wilson, P.] (1974). The Cairn Terrier 5th ed. London: Popular Dogs Pub. Co. Accession No: OCLC: 1559851.

Beynon, J. W. H. & Fisher, A. [revised by Wilson, P.]. (1977). The Cairn Terrier 6th ed. London : Popular Dogs Pub. Co. ISBN: 0091293405.

Beynon, J. W. H., Fisher, A., Wilson, P. & Proudlock, D. (1988). The Terrier. Place of Publication Unknown: Popular Dogs. ISBN: 0091581508.

Beynon, J. W. H. & Hutchison, J. H. (1930). The Popular Cairn Terrier. London: Popular Dogs Pub. Co., Ltd. Accession No: OCLC: 10576671.

Beynon, J. W. H. & Fisher, A. (1969). The Cairn Terrier 4th ed. revised. London: Popular Dogs. ISBN: 0090614526.

Birch, B. & Birch, R. (1999). Pet Owner's Guide to the Cairn Terrier. Sydney : Ringpress ISBN: 1860541119.

Camino E.E. & B. Co. Cairn Terrier Champions, 1952-1986. Camino, CA: Camino E.E. & B. Co. ISBN: 0940808471.

Carter, C. (1995). The Cairn Terrier. Neptune, NJ: T.F.H. Accession No: OCLC: 34877430.

Caspersz, T. W. L. (1957). The Cairn Terrier Handbook: Giving the Origin and History of the Breed, Its Show Career, Its Points and Breeding. London: Nicholson & Watson. Accession No: OCLC: 6756006.

Cooke, R. & Cooke, C. (1997). The Cairn Terrier in Canada. East St. Paul, MB: R. & C. Cooke. : ISBN: 096831760X (v. 1).

Gordon, J. F. (1987). All About the Cairn Terrier. London: Pelham Books. ISBN: 0720717868.

Gordon, J. F. (1988). All About the Cairn Terrier. London: Pelham Books ISBN: 0720717868.

Jacobi, G. A. (1976). Your Cairn Terrier. Fairfax, VA: Denlinger's. ISBN: 0877140391.

Lehman, P. F. (1999). Cairn Terriers. Hauppauge, NY : Barron's Educational Series. ISBN: 0764106384.

Marcum, B. E. (1995). The New Cairn Terrier. New York : Howell Book House. ISBN: 0876050739.

Marvin, J. T. (1986). The New Complete Cairn Terrier 2nd ed. New York: Howell Book House. ISBN: 0876050976.

McCormack, E. (1965). How to Raise and Train a Cairn Terrier. Neptune, N.J.: T.F.H. Publications. Accession No: OCLC: 1485681.

McCormack, E. (1983). How to Raise and Train a Cairn Terrier. Neptune, N.J.: T.F.H. Publications. ISBN: 0876662629 (pbk.).

McCormack, E. (1965). How to Raise and Train a Cairn Terrier. Neptune, N.J.: T.F.H. Publications. ISBN: 087666262.

Patten, B. J. (1996). The Terrier Breeds. Vero Beach, FL: Rourke Corp. ISBN: 0865934584.

Ross, F. M., Burton, N. L. & others. (1932). The Cairn Terrier. Manchester, England: "Our Dogs" Pub. Co. Accession No: OCLC: 19603882.

Schneider, E. (1967). Know Your Cairn Terrier. New York: Pet Library. Accession No: OCLC: 2579232.

Walin, D. (1983). The Cairn Terrier and West Highland White: Breed Standards, History, Care and Grooming. Place of Publication Unknown: Oster Professional Products Department. Accession No: OCLC: 14081415.

Whitehead, H. F. [edited & revised by Macdonald, A.] (1976; 1975). Cairn Terriers. New York: Arco Pub. ISBN: 0668039671.

Willis, J. R. (1993). Genetic Anomalies of the Cairn Terrier: A Reference Manual for Conscientious Breeders. Howell, MI: The Cairn Terrier Club of America. Accession No: OCLC: 41363972.

Scientific Articles

Zaal, M D ; Ingh, T S G A M van den ; Goedegebuure, S & A ; Nes, J J van Title: Progressive neuronopathy in two cairn terrier litter mates; Source: The Veterinary quarterly. 19, no. 1, (1997): 34 (3 pages) Additional Info: Published for the Royal Netherlands Veterinary Association by Nijhoff. Alt Journal: Key Title: The Veterinary quarterly Preceding Title: Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde Standard No: ISSN: 0165-2176 CODEN: VEQUDU OCLC No: 5393794

Gorke, B. ; Rentmeister, K. ; Peters, M. ; Siegert, F. ; Tipold, A. ; Hewicker-Trautwein, M. German Title: Progressive neuronopathy in the Cairn terrier: two cases in Germany Source: Wiener tierärztliche Monatsschrift. 88, Part 7 (2001): 183-186 Issue Id: Part 7 Alt Journal: Key Title: Wiener Tierärztliche Monatsschrift Preceding Title: Tierärztliche zeitschrift Succeeding Title: Deutsche tierharztliche Wochenschrift Berliner und Münchener tierärztliche Wochenschrift Tierärztliche rundschau Tierärztliche zeitschrift Standard No: ISSN: 0043-535X CODEN: WTMOA3 OCLC No: 1696180 BL Shelfmark: 9316.000000 Article Type: Article

Schaer, Michael ; Harvey, John W. ; Calderwood-Mays, Maron ; Giger, Urs Title: Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency Causing Hemolytic Anemia with Secondary Hemochromatosis in a Cairn Terrier. Diagnosis is made from a liver biopsy and confirmed with electrophoretic and immunoprecipitation studies. Source: The Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. 28, no. 3, (May 1992): 233-240 Alt Journal: Key Title: The Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association Preceding Title: Animal hospital Standard No: ISSN: 0587-2871 CODEN: JAAHBL

Fiction for Children

Kuklin, S. (1988). Taking My Dog to the Vet. Bradbury Press: U.S. ISBN: 0027512347 (lib bdg). Abstract: "A little girl takes her Cairn Terrier to the veterinarian for his annual check-up. The vet is gentle and explains to Minal what he is doing to her dog and why. He checks Silver's weight, eyes, mouth, ears, breath, and heart, along with his skin, hair, hind parts, and temperature. He takes a blood sample and gives Silver two shots. The dog is in perfect condition, except for 'some extra Silver': 'Dogs often become overweight, so be careful,' cautions Dr. Kuhlman. Preschool to grade two."

Videocassettes

American Kennel Club. (1986). The Cairn Terrier. New York: American Kennel Club 1 videocassette (20 min.) + 1 pamphlet. Accession No: OCLC: 18777187.

American Kennel Club The Terrier Group. Raleigh, NC: American Kennel Club. Videocassette. Accession No: OCLC: 29245653.

Walin, D. [narrator]. (1988). Grooming the Short-Legged Terriers: Cairn, West Highland White, Scotties. Produced by Kluge Communications, Inc. Videocassette (39 minutes). Accession No: OCLC: 32606555.

External links

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