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Cairns Queensland
Location of Cairns within Australia
Population:	122 731 [1] (14th)
• Density:	246.5/km² (638.4/sq mi) [2]
Established:	1876
Coordinates:	16°55′S 145°46′E / -16.917, 145.767Coordinates: 16°55′S 145°46′E / -16.917, 145.767
Area:	488.1 km² (188.5sq mi) [3]
Time zone:	AEST (UTC+10)
Location:	1707 km (1061 mi) NW of Brisbane 2420 km (1504 mi) NNW of Sydney
LGA:	Cairns Regional Council
County:	Nares
Federal Division:	Leichhardt
Mean Max Temp Mean Min Temp Rainfall 29.0 °C 84 °F 20.1 °C 68 °F 2,222.9 mm 87.5 in

The CBD of Cairns circa 2005 from Mount Whitfield looking southeast. Sheridan Street, the main street running southeast-northwest becomes the Captain Cook Highway leading to Port Douglas (towards the foreground). The chemical storage tanks seen in the top right are in the suburb of Portsmith.

Cairns (pronounced /ˈkænz/) is a regional city and Local Government Area located in Queensland, Australia. Originally settled in 1876, and named after William Wellington Cairns (the then Governor of Queensland) to serve miners heading for the Hodgkinson River goldfield, the settlement declined when an easier route was discovered from Port Douglas. However, Cairns' future was secured as it developed into a railhead and major port for the exportation of sugar cane, gold, precious metals and agricultural industries from the surrounding coastal and Tableland regions. The city is rapidly expanding, with a population of 122 731 (as of 2006) and is reliant on the sugar and tourism industries.^[1] Cairns may refer to: // Cairns, Queensland History of Cairns, Queensland Cairns Birdwing Cairns Central Cairns Christian College Cairns City Council Cairns Convention Centre Cairns Cyclones Cairns Group Cairns International Airport Cairns Port Authority The Cairns Post Cairns Saints AFC Cairns State High School Cairns Taipans Cairns West State School Cairns... Image File history File links Emblem-important. ... Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State Motto(s): Audax at Fidelis (Bold but Faithful) Other Australian states and territories Capital Brisbane Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Quentin Bryce Premier Anna Bligh (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 28  - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05)  - Product ($m)  $158,506 (3rd... Image File history File links Cairns_locator-MJC.png Summary Map of Australia locating Cairns. ... This list of Australian cities by population briefly explains the three different population figures given for Australian cities, and provides rankings for each. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Year 1876 (MDCCCLXXVI) // January 31 - United States orders all Indigenous peoples in the United States to move onto reservations February 2 - The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs of Major League Baseball is formed. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... Time Zone is also a historical computer game. ... UTC+10 time zone Australia (AEST—Australian Eastern Standard Time) Australian Capital Territory**, New South Wales** (except Broken Hill, which observes South Australia time), Queensland, Tasmania** (which observes DST starting on the first weekend of October instead of the last), Victoria** Guam (Chamorro Standard Time via US Law) Federated States... “km” redirects here. ... “Miles” redirects here. ... For other uses, see Brisbane (disambiguation). ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... Map of Local Government Areas in Queensland The Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Queensland, Australia have been subject to periodic bouts of restructuring and rationalisation by the State Government, involving voluntary and involuntary amalgamation of areas. ... Cairns Regional Council is a proposed Local Government Area in Queensland, Australia. ... Most of the Western and Central parts of Australia were never divided into counties;  No counties  Has been subdivided into counties Cadastral divisions of Australia refers to the parts of Australia which are divided into the cadastral units of counties, parishes, hundreds, and other divisions for the purposes of land... The County of Nares is a cadastral division of Queensland which contains the city of Cairns. ... The Australian House of Representatives is elected from 150 single-member districts called Divisions. ... The Division of Leichhardt is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. ... For other uses, see Celsius (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Fahrenheit (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Celsius (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Fahrenheit (disambiguation). ... This article is about the unit of length. ... An inch (plural: inches; symbol or abbreviation: in or, sometimes, ″ - a double prime) is the name of a unit of length in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 394 KB) Central Cairns from Mt Whitfield looking south. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 394 KB) Central Cairns from Mt Whitfield looking south. ... Australian English is a non-rhotic variety of English spoken by most native-born Australians. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State Motto(s): Audax at Fidelis (Bold but Faithful) Other Australian states and territories Capital Brisbane Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Quentin Bryce Premier Anna Bligh (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 28  - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05)  - Product ($m)  $158,506 (3rd... List of Governors of Queensland See Governors of the Australian states for a description and history of the office of Governor. ...

Cairns lies about 1,701 km (1,057 mi) from Brisbane and about 2,420 km (1,504 mi) from Sydney by road. It is a popular travel destination for foreign tourists because of its tropical climate and proximity to many attractions. The Great Barrier Reef can be reached in less than an hour by boat. The Daintree National Park and Cape Tribulation, about 130 kilometres (80 miles) north of Cairns, are popular areas for experiencing a tropical rainforest. It is also a starting point for people wanting to explore Cooktown, Cape York Peninsula, and the Atherton Tableland. “km” redirects here. ... “Miles” redirects here. ... For other uses, see Brisbane (disambiguation). ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... The Great Barrier Reef is the worlds largest coral reef system,[1][2] composed of over 2,900 individual reefs[3] and 900 islands stretching for 2,600 kilometres (1,616 mi) over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres (132,974 sq mi). ... A typical rainforest scene in Daintree NP Daintree is a national park in Far North Queensland (Australia), 1502 km northwest of Brisbane and 100 km northwest of Cairns. ... View from Cape Tribulation on the sand beach Cape Tribulation ( [1]) is a headland and locality in northern Queensland, Australia 110km north of Cairns. ... The Daintree Rainforest in Queensland, Australia. ... Cooktown is the northernmost town on the East coast of Australia, located at 15°28′ S 145°17′ E on Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland, Australia. ... This article is about the peninsula located in the Australian state of Queensland; it should not be confused with either Yorke Peninsula in South Australia, or Cape York, Greenland. ... The Mount Hypipamee Crater on the Atherton Tablelands. ...

The city has used its natural surroundings to its advantage with the construction of several small theme parks for tourists. Among them are Rainforestation nature park, the Tjapukai Aboriginal Cultural Park and the Kuranda Skyrail Gondola Cableway, which extends for 7.5 km (4.7 mi) over World Heritage rainforest. Rainforestation Nature Park Logo Rainforestations Army Duck Tour Boomerang Throwing on the Pamagirri Dreamtime Walk at Rainforestation Cuddle a Koala Photo at Rainforestation Rainforestation Nature Park is situated 5 minutes from Kuranda, North Queensland, Australia. ... Tjapukai are an Aboriginal people located in Queensland, northern Australia. ... The Kuranda Skyrail is a scenic cableway running above the Barron Gorge National Park from Kuranda, Queensland to the northern outskirts of Cairns. ... The Wet Tropics of Queensland World Heritage Site is an umbrella name for a series of National Parks stretching for 450 km along the north east coast of Australia, from Townsville to Cooktown, bordering the Great Barrier Reef, itself another World Heritage site. ...

A major attraction in Cairns is the lagoon.^{[neutrality disputed]} Cairns Mayor Kevin Byrne declared in May, 2003 that topless sunbaking is permitted here as this area is a gathering point for people from around the world who may wish to do so. ^[4][5]. An oceanway allows pedestrians and cyclists to move along the foreshore from the Lagoon in a sustainable manner. Kevin Byrne was born in Lae, Papua New Guinea in 1949. ... Nudity is a common subject both in fine arts and popular culture. ... The foreshore, also called the intertidal or littoral zone, is that part of a beach that lies between average high tide and average low tide. ... Girl on a bicycle in a car free area in Frankfurt Sustainable transport is a phrase which was coined in the late 20th century to describe all forms of transport which minimise emissions of carbon dioxide and pollutants. ...

Geography

Location of Cairns in Queensland (red)

Cairns, view of the foreshore.

The Mulgrave River running through the Goldsbrough Valley to the south of Gordonvale.

Skyrail Rainforest Cableway over the rainforest.

Cairns is located on the east coast of Cape York Peninsula on a coastal strip between the Coral Sea and the Great Dividing Range. The northern part of the city is located on Trinity Bay and the city centre is located on Trinity inlet. Some of the city's suburbs are located on flood plains. The Mulgrave River and Barron River flow within the city's boundary but not through the city itself. The city centre's foreshore is located on a mud flat. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x1305, 92 KB) Summary Shows location of w: Cairns, Queensland marked in red in the Australian state of w:Queensland. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x1305, 92 KB) Summary Shows location of w: Cairns, Queensland marked in red in the Australian state of w:Queensland. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2304x1728, 1531 KB) Summary Cairns, view of the foreshore. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2304x1728, 1531 KB) Summary Cairns, view of the foreshore. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2560 × 1920 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2560 × 1920 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1728x2304, 1370 KB) Summary Skyrail over Kuranda. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1728x2304, 1370 KB) Summary Skyrail over Kuranda. ... A view from the Kuranda Skyrail The Skyrail Rainforest Cableway is a scenic cableway running above the Barron Gorge National Park from the Cairns suburb of Caravonica to Kuranda, Queensland. ... This article is about the peninsula located in the Australian state of Queensland; it should not be confused with either Yorke Peninsula in South Australia, or Cape York, Greenland. ... Map of the Coral Sea Islands A political map of the South Pacific. ... The Great Dividing Range, also known as the Eastern Highlands, is Australias most substantial mountain range. ... Trinity Bay is a large bay in the Coral Sea off the east coast of Queensland, Australia. ... The Trinity Inlet is an estuary which serves as the port for the city of Cairns, Queensland, Australia. ... The Barron River is located on the Atherton Tableland inland from Cairns in Northern Queensland, Australia. ...

Urban layout

Cairns is a provincial city and has a linear urban layout that runs from the south, at Aloomba, to the north, at Ellis Beach^[6]. The city is approximately 52 km (32 mi) from north to south. Cairns has experienced recent urban sprawl, with suburbs occupying land previously used for sugar cane farming. Many houses have also been built on hillsides, partly due to lack of space and partly due to a perception of prestige living. The population increase is so fast that the local phone book maps and other maps can not keep up with the amount of development. Provincial has several meanings and may refer to: Provincial examinations: Bi-annual province-wide examinations for students between the grades of 10 to 12 in the province of British Columbia Anything related to a province, a formal geographical division; Anything related to the provinces, the parts of a country outside... Aloomba, Queensland is a small rural area in the south of the Cairns Local Government Area. ... Ellis Beach - Harmony Ellis Beach is a locality in Tropical North Queensland, Australia. ... Species Ref: ITIS 42058 as of 2004-05-05 Sugarcane is one of six species of a tall tropical southeast Asian grass (Family Poaceae) having stout fibrous jointed stalks whose sap at one time was the primary source of sugar. ...

Regions of the city are:

The Northern Beaches are low in elevation and consist of a number of beach communities extending north along the coast. In general, each beach suburb is located at the end of a spur road extending from the Captain Cook Highway. From south to north, these are Machans Beach, Holloways Beach, Yorkeys Knob, Trinity Park, Trinity Beach, Kewarra Beach, Clifton Beach, Palm Cove and Ellis Beach. Captain Cook Highway is signed as State Route 44. ... Yorkeys Knob Beach, Cairns, Queensland, Australia Yorkeys Knob is one of the beach suburbs of Cairns, the regional capital of Far North Queensland, Australia. ... Clifton Beach is a dormitory suburb of Cairns, Queensland, Australia located on the shores of the Coral Sea. ... Palm Cove Palm Cove is a beach community in Far North Queensland, Australia located north of the city of Cairns . ...

The suburb of Smithfield is located inland and against the mountains of the Great Dividing Range and serves as the main centre for the Northern Beaches. It is located between Yorkey’s Knob and Trinity Park. Smithfield is the main hub for the Northern Beaches with the large Smithfield Centre which has recently been refurbished for a more modern feel. The Kennedy Highway starts at the Kennedy Highway/Captain Cook Highway intersection which is currently a large roundabout but has plans for an overpass with the Kennedy Range Motorway which will run from Smithfield to Kuranda. Smithfield, just a few kilometres to the north Cairns, Queensland, Australia that was first established in 1876, was a rival for dominance of the area to Cairns in those early days. ... The Great Dividing Range, also known as the Eastern Highlands, is Australias most substantial mountain range. ... The Kennedy Highway (Highway 1) is a highway in northern Queensland, Australia. ... The Kennedy Highway (Highway 1) is a highway in northern Queensland, Australia. ...

Located inland from the Northern Beaches along the edge of the Barron River flood plain are the suburbs of Caravonica, Lake Placid, Kamerunga, Stratford, and Freshwater. This area is sometimes referred to as Freshwater Valley. Further up Freshwater Valley is Redlynch Valley. The suburb of Redlynch is located on the western side of Redlynch Valley, and Brinsmead lies on the eastern side. Stratford, Freshwater, Redlynch and Brinsmead are separated from Cairns city by Mount Whitfield (elevation 365m) and Whitfield Range. Crystal Cascades and Copperlode Dam are also located behind this range. This area is serviced by the Redlynch Central Shopping Centre, a new shopping centre with only Woolworths at the moment which is located in the fast growing area of the Redlynch Valley. This shopping centre is also due to be expanded in the future.^{[citation needed]} The Barron River is located on the Atherton Tableland inland from Cairns in Northern Queensland, Australia. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Floodplain. ... Lake Placid is a suburb of Cairns in far northern Queensland, Australia. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... The Copperlode Dam is a fresh water reservoir dam servicing the city of Cairns, Queensland, Australia. ...

Cairns City, located on what once was swamp, is in close proximity to the suburbs of Cairns North, Manunda, Edge Hill, Whitfield, Kanimbla, Parramatta Park, Mooroobool, Manoora, Portsmith, Earlville, Westcourt, Bungalow, Woree and Bayview Heights. The small suburb of Aeroglen is pressed between Mount Whitfield and the airport on the Captain Cook Highway north of the central business district towards Smithfield. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Woree is a southern suburb of the city of Cairns, Queensland, Australia. ... Bayview Heights is a southern suburb of the city of Cairns, Queensland, Australia. ... Captain Cook Highway is signed as State Route 44. ...

Southside Cairns, which is higher in elevation and is situated in a mountainous valley, includes the suburbs of White Rock, Mount Sheridan, Bentley Park, Wrights Creek, Edmonton and Centenary Heights, and the townships of Babinda, Goldsborough, Little Mulgrave, Aloomba and Gordonvale, which is located on the Mulgrave River. The southern strip of Cairns is populated along a small skinny area between the Trinity Inlet to the east and the Lamb Range to the west. It is serviced by the Bruce Highway which is also due to be developed into a motorway between Woree and Grodonvale due to increasing traffic congestion.^{[citation needed]} Bentley Park is a suburb of Cairns which is located approximately 9km south of the Cairns CBD (Central Business District) The suburb has an estimated population of 5340 people. ... Edmonton used to be an independent township supporting a sugar mill. ... Babinda is a small town located 60km south of Cairns and 1645km north of Brisbane in the Australian state of Queensland. ... Mulgrave Central Mill and mountains. ... Bruce Highway The Bruce Highway is the major coastal highway of Queensland, Australia. ...

The town of Kuranda is located upstream on the Barron River on the western side of the Kuranda Range, part of the Great Dividing Range. Kuranda is located in the Tablelands local government area and, due to the geography of the Kuranda Range, is not part of the Cairns urban area, however it forms part of the Cairns economic catchment. In early 2007 the Cairns City Council expressed interest in assuming responsibility for the administration of Kuranda, as well as Port Douglas.^[7] Kuranda (postcode 4881) is a town on the Atherton Tableland in Far North Queensland, Australia. ... The Barron River is located on the Atherton Tableland inland from Cairns in Northern Queensland, Australia. ... The Kuranda Range The Kuranda Range is a piece of highway located near Cairns ( ). The range connects Smithfield and The Atherton Tablelands. ... The Great Dividing Range, also known as the Eastern Highlands, is Australias most substantial mountain range. ... Tablelands Regional Council is a proposed Local Government Area in Queensland, Australia. ... Port Douglas is town in Far North Queensland, Australia, approximately 80km north of Cairns. ...

History

Main article: History of Cairns, Queensland

Cairns is situated on the Indigenous Australian people's tribal lands of the Irukandji. The transition of the port of Cairns from shanty town to modern city proceeded relatively quickly. ...

The future site of Cairns was first sighted by Captain James Cook in 1770 and closer investigation by several official expeditions 100 years later recognised its potential for development into a port. Hastened by the need to export gold discovered on the tablelands to the west of the inlet Cairns was founded in 1876. The land on which the settlement was hewn initially consisted of mangrove swamps which were gradually cleared by labourers and sand ridges which were slowly filled in with ballast from a quarry at Edge Hill, dried mud, sawdust from several local sawmills and debris collected from the construction of a railway to Herberton on the Atherton Tablelands, a project which started in 1886. The railway opened up land that was later used for agriculture on the lowlands (sugar cane, corn, rice, bananas, pineapples) and fruit and dairy on the Tablelands. The success of local agriculture helped Cairns come into its own as a port and the creation of a harbour board in 1906 meant its economic future was assured. This article is about the British explorer. ...

During World War II, Cairns was used by the Allied Forces as a staging base for operations in the Pacific.

After World War II, Cairns slowly reinvented itself as a centre for tourism. The opening of the Cairns International Airport in 1984 and the building of the Cairns Convention Centre established the city's overseas reputation as a desirable destination for the holiday and business conference markets.

Climate

Climate chart

Cairns – the tropical city (view nearby the lagoon)

Cairns experiences a warm tropical climate. It experiences a wet season with tropical monsoons between December and April and a dry season between May and November, which, however, is not completely dry like in most of tropical Australia: there are frequent showers for most of this period. Mean rainfall of Cairns is 1,992.8 millimetres (78 in).^[8] The township of Babinda at the southern end of the city is one of Australia’s wettest towns, recording an annual rainfall of over 4,200 millimetres (165 in). It has hot humid summers and milder temperatures in winter. The temperature varies from a mean temperature of 25.7 °C (78 °F) in July to 31.4 °C (89 °F) in January. Monsoonal activity during the wet season occasionally causes major flooding of the Barron and Mulgrave Rivers, cutting off road and rail access to the city. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... The tropics are the geographic region of the Earth centered on the equator and limited in latitude by the two tropics: the Tropic of Cancer in the north and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere. ... A wet season or rainy season is a season in which the average rainfall in a region is significantly increased. ... For other uses, see Monsoon (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... In meteorology, precipitation is any kind of water that falls from the sky as part of the weather. ... Babinda is a small town located 60km south of Cairns and 1645km north of Brisbane in the Australian state of Queensland. ... A flood (in Old English flod, a word common to Teutonic languages; compare German Flut, Dutch vloed from the same root as is seen in flow, float) is an overflow of water, an expanse of water submerging land, a deluge. ... The Barron River is located on the Atherton Tableland inland from Cairns in Northern Queensland, Australia. ...

Cairns Lagoon in Cairns City, under public surveillance.

For other uses, see Celsius (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Celsius (disambiguation). ... A millimetre (American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is an SI unit of length that is equal to one thousandth of a metre. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2304x1728, 1765 KB) Summary Cairns Lagoon in Cairns City. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2304x1728, 1765 KB) Summary Cairns Lagoon in Cairns City. ... For other uses, see Surveillance (disambiguation). ...

Tropical cyclones

Like most of North and Far North Queensland, Cairns is prone to Tropical Cyclones, usually forming between November and May.

Notable cyclones that have affected the Cairns Region include:

• Cyclone Larry, 2006 - see below for detail for Cairns region and City.
• Cyclone Abigail, 2001
• Cyclone Steve, 2000
• Cyclone Rona, 1999
• Cyclone Justin, 1997

Lowest pressure 915 hPa (mbar) Fatalities 0 direct, 1 indirect Damage $800 million (2006 USD) $820 million (2007 USD) Areas affected Far North Queensland Part of the 2005-06 Australian region cyclone season Severe Tropical Cyclone Larry (JTWC designation: 17P) was a tropical cyclone that made landfall in Australia during... The 2000-01 Southern Hemisphere tropical cyclone season ran from July 1, 2000 through June 30, 2001. ... Lowest pressure 975 hPa (mbar) Damages In excess of $100 million (AUD) Fatalities None recorded Areas affected North Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia Part of the 1999-00 Southern Hemisphere tropical cyclone season Tropical Cyclone Steve was a tropical cyclone that affected northern Australia from February 27, 2000 until March... Lowest pressure Damages {{{total damages (USD)}}} Fatalities 33 direct, 0 indirect Areas affected Far North Queensland Part of the 1996-97 Southern Hemisphere tropical cyclone season Tropical Cyclone Justin was a Category 2 Cyclone which crossed the coast near Cairns, Australia around mid March 1997. ...

Cyclone Larry

Main article: Cyclone Larry

Tropical Cyclone Larry struck areas to the south of Cairns at 7am on 20 March 2006. Cyclone Larry crossed land near the town of Innisfail, 100 km (62 mi) south of Cairns as a category five cyclone. It was downgraded to a category four cyclone shortly before midday, and further downgraded to a category three cyclone a few hours later. Wind gusts of up to 300 km/h (190 mph) have been recorded around the Cairns region, with wind gusts up to 180 km/h (112 mph) reported in the City. It is estimated that about one in four houses in Cairns and surrounding areas have been affected by Cyclone Larry. Lowest pressure 915 hPa (mbar) Fatalities 0 direct, 1 indirect Damage $800 million (2006 USD) $820 million (2007 USD) Areas affected Far North Queensland Part of the 2005-06 Australian region cyclone season Severe Tropical Cyclone Larry (JTWC designation: 17P) was a tropical cyclone that made landfall in Australia during... Cyclone Catarina, a rare South Atlantic tropical cyclone viewed from the International Space Station on March 26, 2004 Hurricane and Typhoon redirect here. ... Lowest pressure 915 hPa (mbar) Fatalities 0 direct, 1 indirect Damage $800 million (2006 USD) $820 million (2007 USD) Areas affected Far North Queensland Part of the 2005-06 Australian region cyclone season Severe Tropical Cyclone Larry (JTWC designation: 17P) was a tropical cyclone that made landfall in Australia during... is the 79th day of the year (80th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Innisfail redirects here. ... Tropical cyclone classification schemes are developed by weather researchers and disaster management authorities to aid them in communicating among themselves and to their respective publics about the hazards expected from the large storms that build up over tropical oceans and then affect the regions the users of the schemes are...

Governance

View of Cairns from Lake Morris with the Yarrabah peninsula in the background.

Cairns is governed by the Cairns Regional Council. The Council consists of a mayor and ten councillors. The Mayor is elected by the public, and the Councillors are elected from ten single-member divisions (or wards) using an optional preferential voting system. Elections are held every four years. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2304x1728, 1839 KB) Summary View of Cairns from Lake Morris with the Yarrabah peninsula in the background. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2304x1728, 1839 KB) Summary View of Cairns from Lake Morris with the Yarrabah peninsula in the background. ... Cairns Regional Council is a proposed Local Government Area in Queensland, Australia. ... Preferential voting (or preference voting) is a type of ballot structure used in several electoral systems in which voters rank a list or group of candidates in order of preference. ... An election is a decision making process whereby people vote for preferred political candidates or parties to act as representatives in government. ...

The Cairns Regional Council local government area consists of three former local government areas. The first was the original City of Cairns, consisting of the Cairns City region as listed above. The second, which was amalgamated in 1995, was the Shire of Mulgrave (comprising the other areas, namely the Northern Beaches, Freshwater and Redlynch Valleys, and Southside). The town of Gordonvale was once called Mulgrave. The third area is the Shire of Douglas, which amalgamated in 2008 during major statewide local government reforms. Cairns Regional Council is a proposed Local Government Area in Queensland, Australia. ... Mulgrave Central Mill and mountains. ...

At the time of the 1995 amalgamation, Cairns City had a population of approximately 40,000 and Mulgrave Shire had a population of approximately 60,000. Both local government authorities had chambers in the Cairns CBD. The old Cairns City Council chambers located on Abbott Street has been converted into a new city library. The old Mulgrave Shire Chambers were located on the Cairns Esplanade. In a controversial decision,^[9] new council chambers were constructed on previously industrial contaminated land in the mainly industrial suburb of Portsmith. Julio Pérez Ferrero Library - Cúcuta, Colombia A modern-style library in Chambéry A library is a collection of information, sources, resources, and services: it is organized for use and maintained by a public body, an institution, or a private individual. ...

Cairns has four representatives in the Queensland Parliament, from the electoral districts of Cook, Barron River, Cairns and Mulgrave. The city is represented in the Federal Parliament by representatives elected from the districts of Leichhardt and Kennedy. The Parliament of Queensland is the legislature of Queensland, Australia. ... The electoral division of Cook is an electoral division in Queensland, Australia. ... The division of Barron River is an electoral division of the Queensland Legislative Assembly in the state of Queensland, Australia. ... The division of Cairns is an electoral division in the Queensland Legislative Assembly in the state of Queensland, Australia. ... Electoral districts of the Melbourne Metropolitan Region (Mulgrave in cyan). ... Type Bicameral Houses House of Representatives Senate Speaker of the House of Representatives David Hawker, Liberal Party since 16 November 2004 President of the Senate Alan Ferguson, Liberal Party since 14 August 2007 Members 226 (150 Representatives, 76 Senators) Political groups Liberal Party ALP National Party Country Liberal Party Greens... The Division of Leichhardt is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. ... The Division of Kennedy is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. ...

Prior to the abolition of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC), the Indigenous people in Cairns were represented by the Cairns and District Regional Council. The Council comprised 12 Councillors, who elected a Chair from among them - Terry O'Shane was the last Chair. The Cairns area was represented on ATSIC by the Commissioner for Queensland North Zone. The last Commissioner for Queensland North was Lionel Quartermaine who also served as ATSIC’s Deputy Chair. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) (1990–2005) was the Australian Government body through which Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders were formally involved in the processes of government affecting their lives. ...

Economy

Cairns at night; the wharves. The casino's dome can be seen in the background.

Cairns serves as the major commercial centre for the Far North Queensland and Cape York Peninsula Regions. It is a base for the regional offices of many government departments. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2231x1085, 776 KB) Summary Cairns at night; this is the wharfs in the background. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2231x1085, 776 KB) Summary Cairns at night; this is the wharfs in the background. ... Map of Far North Queensland Far North Queensland (abreviated to FNQ) is a region of Queensland covering the northern part of the state. ... This article is about the peninsula located in the Australian state of Queensland; it should not be confused with either Yorke Peninsula in South Australia, or Cape York, Greenland. ...

Tourism

Tourism plays a major part in the Cairns economy. According to Tourism Australia, Cairns is the fourth most popular destination for international tourists in Australia after Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane. ^[10] While the city does not rank amongst Australia's top 10 destinations for domestic tourism, it attracts a number of Australian holiday makers given its distance from major capitals ^[11]. The city's proximity to the Great Barrier Reef and the Wet Tropics of Queensland makes it a popular destination. The city contains hundreds of hotels, resorts, motels and backpackers hostels. Activities in the region include golf, white water rafting, snorkelling, diving and hiking. Tourism Australia is a statutory authority of the Government of Australia, with responsibility for tourism marketing within Australia and internationally, as well as research and forecasting of domestic and global tourism trends. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre (also known as The CBD). ... For other uses, see Brisbane (disambiguation). ... The Great Barrier Reef is the worlds largest coral reef system,[1][2] composed of over 2,900 individual reefs[3] and 900 islands stretching for 2,600 kilometres (1,616 mi) over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres (132,974 sq mi). ... The Wet Tropics of Queensland World Heritage Site is an umbrella name for a series of National Parks stretching for 450 km along the north east coast of Australia, from Townsville to Cooktown, bordering the Great Barrier Reef, itself another World Heritage site. ... For other uses, see Hotel (disambiguation). ... Resorts combine a hotel and a variety of recreations, such as swimming pools. ... Holiday Inn Great Sign Exterior of a Howard Johnsons motor lodge. ... For the 2005 horror film,see Hostel (film). ...

Industry and agriculture

The land around Cairns is still used for sugar cane farming, although this land is increasingly under pressure from new suburbs as the city grows. Within the Cairns City Council area, sugar mills operate in Gordonvale and Babinda. Species Ref: ITIS 42058 as of 2004-05-05 Sugarcane is one of six species of a tall tropical southeast Asian grass (Family Poaceae) having stout fibrous jointed stalks whose sap at one time was the primary source of sugar. ... Farming, ploughing rice paddy, in Indonesia Agriculture is the process of producing food, feed, fiber and other desired products by cultivation of certain plants and the raising of domesticated animals (livestock). ... Species Ref: ITIS 42058 as of 2004-05-05 Sugarcane is one of six species of a tall tropical southeast Asian grass (Family Poaceae) having stout fibrous jointed stalks whose sap at one time was the primary source of sugar. ... Mulgrave Central Mill and mountains. ... Babinda is a small town located 60km south of Cairns and 1645km north of Brisbane in the Australian state of Queensland. ...

The Barron Gorge Hydroelectric Power Station is located nearby in Kuranda and provides green power for some of the city's needs. The Barron Falls near Kuranda. ... Kuranda (postcode 4881) is a town on the Atherton Tableland in Far North Queensland, Australia. ... Green energy is a term used by some environmentalists to describe what they deem to be environmentally friendly sources of power. ...

Commercial

Cairns Pier

Cairns local businesses are assisted by the Cairns Region Economic Development Corporation (CREDC), which promotes a cluster-based model for economic development.

The suburbs of Cairns contain a number of shopping centres of various sizes. The largest of these are the Cairns Central shopping centre, located in the central business district, and Stockland Cairns, located in the suburb of Earlville. Cairns Central Shopping Centre in North Queensland, Australia is Cairnss biggest Shopping centre. ...

The City is currently going through a boom which has led to many high rises being built in the city^{[citation needed]}. The city is currently beginning to become a bigger economical centre in not just tourism, but in services as well with many new office towers being built and planned for the near future including the Cairns Corporate Tower #2.

Media

The Cairns Post is a daily newspaper published in the city; a weekly paper, The Cairns Sun, is also published. The Courier-Mail is a daily Queensland-wide newspaper published in Brisbane. The Australian newspaper also circulates widely. The Cairns Post is a major newspaper in Far North Queensland with daily coverage on local, state, national and world news, plus a wide range of sections and liftouts covering health, beauty, cars and lifestyle. ... The Courier-Mail is a daily newspaper published in Brisbane, Australia. ... For other uses, see Brisbane (disambiguation). ... The Australian is a national daily broadsheet newspaper published by Rupert Murdochs News Corporation. ...

Cairns Newspapers publishes independent suburban newspapers - the Cairns Northern News and the Southern Herald - which circulate suburbs from Palm Cove in the north to Gordonvale in the south.

Cairns is served by three commercial television stations and the two public broadcasters - the ABC and SBS. The commercial stations are regional affiliates of the Ten, Nine and Seven networks. Austar Limited provides subscription satellite TV services. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation or ABC is Australias national non-profit public broadcaster. ... The Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) is one of two government funded Australian public broadcasting radio and television networks, the other being the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). ... Ten Network logo Network TEN so called because it broadcasts on Channel TEN in most cities, is Australias third but possibly most profitable television network. ... The Nine Network, or Channel Nine, is an Australian television network based in Willoughby, a suburb on the North Shore of Sydney. ... The Seven Network is an Australian television network, owned by the Seven Media Group. ... An Austar Remote Austar is an Australian telecommunications company. ...

Cairns radio stations include a number of public, commercial and community broadcasters. The ABC broadcasts ABC Radio National, ABC Local, ABC Classic FM and the Triple J youth network. Commercial radio stations include 4CA-FM, AM846, HOT FM, SeaFM, 4CCR-FM, 87.6 XFM, 98.7FM, 101.9 Coast FM, and 104.3 4TAB sports radio. ABC Radio National is an Australia-wide radio network with many various programs, involving news and current affairs, arts, music, society, science, drama and comedy. ... ABC Local Radio is a network of publicly-owned radio stations in Australia, operated by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. ... ABC Classic FM is Australian classical radio station available in major centres around the country. ... Double J redirects here. ... Servicing Cairns, Queensland, 4CA-FM was purchased by Prime Television in 2005 from Macquarie Regional RadioWorks. ... The Hot FM Network operates throughout regional Western Australia and Queensland. ... Servicing Townsville, Queensland, Sea-FM was purchased by Prime Television in 2005 from Macquarie Regional RadioWorks. ...

Transport

Cairns is an important transport hub in the Far North Queensland region. Located at the base of Cape York Peninsula, it provides important transport links between the Peninsula and Gulf of Carpentaria regions and the areas to the south of the state. Cairns International Airport is essential to the viability of the tourism industry. This article is about the peninsula located in the Australian state of Queensland; it should not be confused with either Yorke Peninsula in South Australia, or Cape York, Greenland. ... The Gulf of Carpentaria from a 1859 Dutch map The Gulf of Carpentaria The Gulf of Carpentaria is a large, shallow sea enclosed on three sides by northern Australia and bounded on the north by the Arafura Sea (the body of water that lies between Australia and Indonesia). ... Cairns International Airport (IATA: CNS, ICAO: YBCS) is an Australian domestic and international airport in Cairns, Queensland, Australia. ...

Roads

The Bruce Highway in Cairns southern suburbs at morning peak hour.

The Bruce Highway runs for 1,700 km (1,056 mi) from Brisbane and terminates in Cairns on the corner of Mulgrave Roads and Sheridan Streets in the CBD. At this point, the Captain Cook Highway (also referred to as the Cook Highway), between Cairns and Port Douglas approximately 70 km (43 mi) to the northwest, commences. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (836x345, 1350 KB) This is south Cairns in morning peak hour. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (836x345, 1350 KB) This is south Cairns in morning peak hour. ... Bruce Highway The Bruce Highway is the major coastal highway of Queensland, Australia. ... Other meanings: Movie starring Jackie Chan and Chris Tucker, expansion pack to SimCity 4, shuffling puzzle by ThinkFun, album. ... Bruce Highway The Bruce Highway is the major coastal highway of Queensland, Australia. ... For other uses, see Brisbane (disambiguation). ... Captain Cook Highway is signed as State Route 44. ... Port Douglas is town in Far North Queensland, Australia, approximately 80km north of Cairns. ...

A need for future upgrades to the Bruce Highway to motorway standards through the southern suburbs to Gordonvale has been identified in regional planning strategies to cope with increasing congestion from rapid population growth. This will result with overpasses at all major intersections between Ray Jones Drive in Woree and Riverstone Road in Gordonvale. The motorway will not take the old route along the highway through Edmonton but will follow a bypass that will travel from the Roberts Road intersection at Bently Park to the intersection of Hill Road and the Bruce Highway north of Gordonvale to ease noise from cars in Edmonton. There will also be overpasses at these intersections.^[12] Bruce Highway The Bruce Highway is the major coastal highway of Queensland, Australia. ... Motorway symbol in UK, Australia, Spain, France and Ireland. ... Gordonvale is a small sugar-growing town in north Queensland, Australia. ... Gordonvale is a small sugar-growing town in north Queensland, Australia. ... Motorway symbol in UK, Australia, Spain, France and Ireland. ... Bruce Highway The Bruce Highway is the major coastal highway of Queensland, Australia. ... Gordonvale is a small sugar-growing town in north Queensland, Australia. ...

The Kennedy Highway commences at Smithfield on the Barron River flood plain north of Cairns and ascends the Kuranda Range to the township of Kuranda. The highway then extends to the town of Mareeba on the Atherton Tableland, and continues to communities of Cape York Peninsula The Kennedy Highway (Highway 1) is a highway in northern Queensland, Australia. ... Kuranda (postcode 4881) is a town on the Atherton Tableland in Far North Queensland, Australia. ... -1... The Mount Hypipamee Crater on the Atherton Tablelands. ... This article is about the peninsula located in the Australian state of Queensland; it should not be confused with either Yorke Peninsula in South Australia, or Cape York, Greenland. ...

The Gillies Highway commences at the township of Gordonvale and ascends the Gillies Range (part of the Great Dividing Range) to the town of Atherton on the Atherton Tableland, passing through the township of Yungaburra on the way. The Gillies Range is a section of the chain of summits that separate the Far North Queensland coastal plain from the interior Atherton Tableland. ... Atherton is the hub of the Atherton Tableland region in Queensland, Australia, located at , 752 m above sea level. ... The Mount Hypipamee Crater on the Atherton Tablelands. ... Yungaburra is a small heritage village located in the Atherton Tableland in Far North Queensland, Australia. ...

The controversial private road, Quaid Road, was constructed in 1989 through what is now a Wet Tropics World Heritage Area and links Wangetti, on the coast just north of Cairns, to Southedge, just south of Mount Molloy. Quaid Road is a 32km long stretch of private road in Far North Queensland. ... The Queensland tropical rain forests are a terrestrial ecoregion located in northeastern Australia. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ... Mount Molloy ( ) is a historic mining and timber town lying 160 kilometres north of Cairns. ...

A network of secondary and local roads of varying quality is maintained throughout the Cairns suburbs by the Queensland State Government Transport Department and Cairns City Council.

Coaches

Cairns is also served by long distance coaches to Brisbane, and regional cities to the south. Coaches also operate west to Mount Isa via Townsville and the Northern Territory. Desert Venturer Coaches operate twice weekly to Alice Springs and Darwin (weekly service in wet season). Mount Isa, Queensland, Australia Mount Isa is a city in North-West Queensland, Australia. ... For similar terms, see Northern Territories (disambiguation) Slogan or Nickname: The Territory, The NT, The Top End Motto(s): none Other Australian states and territories Capital Darwin Government Constitutional monarchy Administrator Ted Egan Chief Minister Clare Martin (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 2  - Senate seats 2 Gross Territorial Product (2004... Alice Springs on a large scale map Alice Springs is a large town in the Northern Territory of Australia located at 23°42′ S 133°52′ E. Its population of 28,178 (2001 Census) makes it the second-largest settlement in the Territory (the only other towns of significant size... Port Darwin redirects here. ...

Public transport

A public transport network is operated throughout the city by Marlin Coast Sunbus. A transit mall is located in the CBD through which all services operate. Services include most parts of the city, from Palm Cove on the Northern Beaches to Gordonvale in the south, all travelling via the CBD. Bus services operated by Whitecar Coaches run to Kuranda and to the Atherton Tableland. A smaller minibus service, Jon's Kuranda Bus runs between Cairns and Kuranda. Cairns also has one major Taxi company Black and White Cabs who service the Cairns region. Mass transit redirects here. ... Areas serviced by Whitecars The Whitecars Coaches company runs daily coach services between Cairns and the Atherton Tablelands. ... Kuranda (postcode 4881) is a town on the Atherton Tableland in Far North Queensland, Australia. ... The Mount Hypipamee Crater on the Atherton Tablelands. ... Kuranda, Richard: A creative voice of Generation X. Multiple Union status in the United States. ...

Rail

Cairns is the terminus for Queensland's North Coast railway line, which follows the eastern seaboard from Brisbane. Services are operated by Queensland Rail (QR) and include the high speed tilt train. Freight trains operate along the route. There is a QR Freight handling facility located at Portsmith. The North Coast railway line is a primary railway line in Queensland, Australia. ... Wickham Terrace entrance to Central Station - showing Queensland Rail QR sign QR, previously known as Queensland Rail and Queensland Railways, is the corporation responsible for the operation and maintenance of the railway system in the State of Queensland, Australia. ... The Cairns (Diesel) Tilt Train The Rockhampton (Electric) Tilt Train The Tilt Train is a Queensland Rail train running the coast of Queensland, from Brisbane to Rockhampton and Cairns. ...

Pacific National Queensland (a division of Pacific National, owned by Toll Holdings) operates a rail siding at Woree. It runs private trains on the rail network owned by the Queensland State Government and managed by QR's Network Division. NR Locomotive Pacific National is one of Australias largest private rail freight businesses. ... Toll Holdings is Australias largest transport company, with units or divisions in trucking, rail, sea and air transport. ... Woree is a southern suburb of the city of Cairns, Queensland, Australia. ...

The Kuranda Scenic Railway operates from Cairns. The tourist railway snakes its way up the Kuranda Range and is not used for commuter services. It passes through the suburbs of Stratford, Freshwater (stopping at Freshwater Station) and Redlynch before reaching Kuranda. Kuranda Scenic Railway Logo Kuranda Scenic Railway Map The Kuranda Scenic Railway is a name for the railway line that runs from Cairns, Queensland, Australia to the nearby town of Kuranda. ... The Kuranda Range The Kuranda Range is a piece of highway located near Cairns ( ). The range connects Smithfield and The Atherton Tablelands. ...

Freight services to Forsayth were discontinued in the mid-1990s. These were mixed freight and passenger services which served the semi-remote towns west of the Great Dividing Range. There is now a weekly passenger-only service, "The Savannahlander" that leaves Cairns on Wednesday mornings. The Savannahlander is run by a private company, Cairns Kuranda Steam Trains. Forsayth is a town in Far North Queensland, Australia, approximately 295km south west of Cairns. ... For the band, see 1990s (band). ... The Great Dividing Range, also known as the Eastern Highlands, is Australias most substantial mountain range. ... The Savannahlander at Lappa Junction. ...

Cairns is served by a narrow gauge cane railway (or cane train) network that hauls harvested sugar cane to the Mulgrave Mill located in Gordonvale. The pressure of urban sprawl on land previously cultivated by cane farmers has seen this network reduced over recent years. There has been discussion that these railway corridors may be used for a possible future light rail mass transit system, however no plans have been drawn up ^[13]. A narrow gauge railway (or narrow gauge railroad) is a railway that has a track gauge narrower than the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8½ in) of standard gauge railways. ... Species Ref: ITIS 42058 as of 2004-05-05 Sugarcane is one of six species of a tall tropical southeast Asian grass (Family Poaceae) having stout fibrous jointed stalks whose sap at one time was the primary source of sugar. ... Mulgrave Central Mill and mountains. ... Urban sprawl, also known as suburban sprawl, is the spreading out of a city and its suburbs over rural land at the fringe of an urban area. ... This article is about light rail systems in general. ... In the United States of America, transit describes local area common carrier passenger transportation configured to provide scheduled service on fixed routes on a non-reservation basis. ...

The use of the existing heavy rail line for commuter services between Redlynch and Gordonvale is occasionally discussed; however this is not a favoured option under the FNQ 2010 Regional Plan, which recommends the use of buses.

Airport

Cairns International Airport

Cairns Marina.

Cairns International Airport is operated by the Cairns Port Authority and is located 7 km (4 mi) north of Cairns City between the CBD and the Northern Beaches. It is Australia's sixth busiest domestic airport and fifth busiest international airport. In 2005/2006 there were 3.76 million international and domestic passenger movements. ^[14] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 374 KB)Cairns Airport looking east from a lookout on Mt. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 374 KB)Cairns Airport looking east from a lookout on Mt. ... Cairns International Airport (IATA: CNS, ICAO: YBCS) is an Australian domestic and international airport in Cairns, Queensland, Australia. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2304x1728, 1745 KB) Summary Cairns Marina. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2304x1728, 1745 KB) Summary Cairns Marina. ... Cairns International Airport (IATA: CNS, ICAO: YBCS) is an Australian domestic and international airport in Cairns, Queensland, Australia. ... Cairns Port Authority (CPA) is a statutory Queensland Government Corporation responsible for the operation of Cairns International Airport and the Cairns Seaport. ...

The Airport has a domestic terminal, a separate international terminal, and a general aviation area. The airport handles international flights, and flights to major Australian cities, tourist destinations, and regional destinations throughout North Queensland. It is an important base for general aviation serving the Cape York Peninsula and Gulf of Carpentaria Communities. The Cairns airport is also a base for the Royal Flying Doctor Service. An airport terminal is a building at an airport where passengers transfer from ground transportation to the facilities that allow them to board airplanes. ... This article is about the peninsula located in the Australian state of Queensland; it should not be confused with either Yorke Peninsula in South Australia, or Cape York, Greenland. ... The Gulf of Carpentaria from a 1859 Dutch map The Gulf of Carpentaria The Gulf of Carpentaria is a large, shallow sea enclosed on three sides by northern Australia and bounded on the north by the Arafura Sea (the body of water that lies between Australia and Indonesia). ... The Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia (RFDS, informally known as The Flying Doctors) is an air ambulance service for those living in the remote inland areas of Australia. ...

Sea port

The Cairns Seaport, located on Trinity Inlet, is operated by the Cairns Port Authority.^[15] Most major tour operators have their check-in desks located inside the Reef Fleet Terminal. It serves as an important port for tourist operators providing daily reef trips. These consist of large catamarans capable of carrying over 300 passengers as well as smaller operators who may take as few as 12 tourists. Cairns Port is also a port of call for cruise ships, such as Captain Cook Cruises, cruising the South Pacific Ocean, and it provides freight services to coastal townships on Cape York Peninsula, the Torres Strait and the Gulf of Carpentaria. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Port. ... Cairns Port Authority (CPA) is a statutory Queensland Government Corporation responsible for the operation of Cairns International Airport and the Cairns Seaport. ... Two Hobie catamarans, showing the typical Hobie raised platform joining the two hulls, and tall mast. ... Legend of the Seas moored at San Diego, California A cruise ship, or less commonly cruise liner, is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the amenities of the ship are considered an essential part of the experience. ... This article is about the peninsula located in the Australian state of Queensland; it should not be confused with either Yorke Peninsula in South Australia, or Cape York, Greenland. ... Torres Strait and islands The Torres Strait - Cape York Peninsula is at the bottom; several of the Torres Strait Islands can be seen strung out towards Papua New Guinea to the north. ... The Gulf of Carpentaria from a 1859 Dutch map The Gulf of Carpentaria The Gulf of Carpentaria is a large, shallow sea enclosed on three sides by northern Australia and bounded on the north by the Arafura Sea (the body of water that lies between Australia and Indonesia). ...

Yearly cargo through the port totals 1.13 million tonnes. Almost 90 percent of the trade is bulk cargoes ^[16] - including petroleum, sugar, molasses, fertiliser and LP gas. A large number of fishing trawlers are also located at the port. There is also a marina that houses private yachts and boats used for tourist operations. A small marina at Brixham, Devon, England. ... A yacht was originally defined as a light, fast sailing vessel used to convey important persons. ...

The Royal Australian Navy has a base in Cairns (HMAS Cairns) where, by May 2007, 4 Armidale Class patrol boats will be based.^[17] The Royal Australian Navy (RAN) is the naval branch of the Australian Defence Force. ... The second HMAS Cairns is a naval base of the Royal Australian Navy based, appropriately, at Cairns in Queensland. ... Armidale class patrol boat are a new class of patrol boats in construction for the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) to replace the Fremantle class patrol boats. ...

The Trinity Wharf has recently been subject of a major redevelopment to improve the area for tourist and cruise ship operations. The freight wharves are located to the south of Trinity Wharf further up Trinity Inlet. Freight is a term used to classify the transportation of cargo and is typically a commercial process. ...

Sister cities

• Lae, Papua New Guinea (Morobe Province) since 1984
• Minami, Japan (Tokushima Prefecture) since 1969
• Oyama, Japan (Tochigi Prefecture) since June 15, 2006
• Riga, Latvia since 1990
• Scottsdale, USA (Arizona) since 1987
• Sidney, Canada (British Columbia) since 1984
• Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China (Guangdong province) since 2004

Image File history File links Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea. ... Lae is the second largest city of Papua New Guinea with a population of approx 120,000. ... Morobe Province is a province on the northern coast of Papua New Guinea. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... Minami ) is a town located in Kaifu District, Tokushima, Japan. ... Tokushima Prefecture ) is located on Shikoku island, Japan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... Oyama is also the name of the Field-Marshal and Prince Oyama, commander of the Japanese forces in the Battle of Mukden. ... Tochigi Prefecture (栃木県 Tochigi-ken) is a located in the Kanto region on the island of Honshu, Japan. ... is the 166th day of the year (167th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Latvia. ... For other uses, see Riga (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... For other uses, see Scottsdale . ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956–present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic  - President George W. Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... Official language(s) English Spoken language(s) English 74. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Sidney is a town located at the northern end of the Saanich Peninsula, on Vancouver Island in the Canadian province of British Columbia. ... Motto: Splendor sine occasu (Latin: Splendour without diminishment) Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor Steven Point Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 36 Senate seats 6 Confederation July 20, 1871 (6th province) Area  Ranked 5th Total 944... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Peoples_Republic_of_China. ... Location of Zhanjiang Zhanjiang (湛江) is a city in Guangdong province, in southeast China. ... Not to be confused with the former Kwantung Leased Territory in north-eastern China. ...

Education

See List of schools in Cairns

Cairns has numerous primary and secondary schools. Separate systems of private and public schools operate in Queensland. There are 20 state primary schools and 16 state high schools operated by the Queensland state government Department of Education within the Cairns City Council area, including 6 schools in the predominantly rural areas south of Gordonvale. There is one combined primary and secondary school in Bentley Park.^[18] The following is a list of schools in the city of Cairns, Queensland, Australia. ... Education in Australia is sometimes divided into two categories public education and private education. ... Queensland State Schools are schools that are part of the Queensland, Australia State Government provided universal free education system. ... Queensland State High Schools cater for Years 8 to 12 (covering students from 12 to 17). ... The Cairns City Council is the Local Government Area for the the city of Cairns and the surrounding area. ... Bentley Park College is a coeducational state run school located in Edmonton, Queensland, Australia. ...

Catholic schools are operated by Catholic Education Cairns. The Catholic system encompasses nineteen primary schools, six secondary colleges and one P-12 college^[19]. There are almost 6,000 primary students and 3,250 secondary students enrolled in the Catholic school system^[20].

The Cairns Campus of James Cook University is located at Smithfield. The city is also home to a TAFE college, and a School of the Air base, both located in the inner suburb of Manunda. A Map of the Cairns Campus. ... James Cook University (JCU) is a university based in Townsville, Queensland, Australia and was founded in 1970 as the first tertiary education institution in North Queensland (although the first may have been the local TAFE college instead). ... In Australia, Technical and Further Education or TAFE institutions are those which offer a wide range of post-secondary education and training, generally in vocational fields (such as hospitality, tourism, construction, woodwork, secretarial skills, community work, etc), often at a level of difficulty below that of a corresponding or related... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Health

The Cairns Base Hospital from the air facing south.

The Cairns Base Hospital is situated on the Cairns Esplanade and is the major hospital for the Cape York Peninsula Region. The smaller Cairns Private Hospital is located nearby. On the north side of the Base hospital is located the Australian Red Cross Blood Service Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 1. ... The Australian Red Cross Blood Service (ARCBS) is a branch of the Australian Red Cross. ...

Cairns is a base for the Royal Flying Doctor Service, which operates clinics and provides emergency evacuations in remote communities throughout the region. The Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia (RFDS, informally known as The Flying Doctors) is an air ambulance service for those living in the remote inland areas of Australia. ... A [PC-12] of the Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia. ...

Churches

See List of churches in Cairns

Sport and recreation

Cairns also has a National Basketball League (NBL) team, the Cairns Taipans. Notable sporting grounds include Barlow Park, Cairns Showground and Cazaly's Stadium (cricket, Australian rules football and rugby league), the Cairns Convention Centre (basketball), and the Cairns Hockey Centre. The National Basketball League is Australias top-level professional basketball competition. ... The Cairns Taipans are a professional basketball team competing in Australias National Basketball League. ... Cazalys Stadium, also known as Bundaberg Rum Stadium, is a sports ground in Cairns, Australia. ... A game of field hockey in progress Field hockey is a popular sport for men, women and children in many countries around the world. ...

The Northern Pride Queensland Cup rugby league team will play their first season in 2008 and will act as a feeder team to the North Queensland Cowboys who play in the National Rugby League. Grundys Northern Pride is an ITV Tyne Tees/Granada series about architecture, presented by John Grundy. ... The Queensland Rugby League (QRL) is the governing body for the sport of Rugby League in Queensland. ... The North Queensland Cowboys are an Australian professional rugby league football team based in Townsville, Queensland, and compete in Australasian premier rugby league competition, the National Rugby League premiership. ... The National Rugby League (NRL) is the top league of professional rugby league football clubs in Australasia. ...

Cairns is unusual among Queensland cities in that Australian rules football is followed, and there is an active local league.^[21] High marking is a key skill and spectacular attribute of Australian rules football Precise field and goal kicking using the oval shaped ball is the key skill in Australian rules football Australian rules football, also known as Australian football, Aussie rules, or simply football or footy is a code of... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Regional Australian rules football leagues in Queensland. ...

Cairns is a major international destination for scuba diving due to its close proximity to the Great Barrier Reef. Other recreational activities popular with tourists include whitewater rafting, skydiving and snorkelling. Scuba diving is swimming underwater while using self-contained breathing equipment. ... The Great Barrier Reef is the worlds largest coral reef system,[1][2] composed of over 2,900 individual reefs[3] and 900 islands stretching for 2,600 kilometres (1,616 mi) over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres (132,974 sq mi). ... Rafting is a recreational activity utilizing a raft to navigate a river or other body of water. ... Skydiver about to land Parachuting, or skydiving, is a recreational activity, competitive sport and method of deployment of military personnel (and occasionally, firefighters). ... Snorkeling is the practice of swimming at the surface of a body of water (typically of the sea) equipped with a mask and a short tube called a snorkel, to explore the underwater environment. ...

Wildlife

In addition to the wildlife in and around the Great Barrier Reef, Cairns boasts a variety of inland and airborne wildlife. Whilst in the forest areas, keep an eye out for Kangaroos however in the sky be aware that pelicans and large fruit bats are common place. In the mud alongside the esplanade can be seen when the weather is right, the occasional 'mudskip' a kind of mud burrowing prehistoric looking fish.

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). Cairns (QLD) (Statistical District). 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved on 2007-11-26.
2. ^ National Regional Profile : Cairns City Part A (Statistical Subdivision). Australian Bureau of Statistics (20 November 2006). Retrieved on 2007-11-26.
3. ^ National Regional Profile : Cairns City Part A (Statistical Subdivision). Australian Bureau of Statistics (20 November 2006). Retrieved on 2007-11-26.
4. ^ Backpacker Boobs Cause Stir. Sydney Morning Herald (23 May 2003). Retrieved on 2008-01-29.
5. ^ Cairns Esplanade Redevelopment Progress - Topless Sunbathing
6. ^ Cairns Maps and Region Guide. CairnsInfo (13 February 2008).
7. ^ "Super Shire" - News.com.au
8. ^ Bureau of Meteorology website
9. ^ 'Land Row', The Cairns Post, p1. 19 July 2001.
10. ^ http://www.tourismaustralia.com/content/Research/Factsheets/TopTen_Regions_Dec2006.pdf
11. ^ Research & Stats
12. ^ FNQ Regional Plan - Supporting Technical Documents - Integrated Transport (February 2000). pp 41-43.
13. ^ Cairns Queensland: Encyclopedia - Cairns Queensland
14. ^ Cairns Port Authority 2005/6 Annual Report
15. ^ http://www.cairnsport.com.au/ Cairns Port Authority
16. ^ Cairns Port Authority 2005/6 Annual Report
17. ^ RAN Web site
18. ^ Queensland Education website - Cairns Coastal region
19. ^ Schools & Colleges of Catholic Education - Diocese of Cairns
20. ^ CEO Information
21. ^ AFL Cairns - History

Australian Bureau of Statistics logo The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) is the Australian government agency that collects and publishes statistical information about Australia. ... is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 330th day of the year (331st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Australian Bureau of Statistics logo The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) is the Australian government agency that collects and publishes statistical information about Australia. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 330th day of the year (331st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Australian Bureau of Statistics logo The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) is the Australian government agency that collects and publishes statistical information about Australia. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 330th day of the year (331st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 200th day of the year (201st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ...

External links

• Cairns City Council Website
• Cairns travel guide from Wikitravel

v • d • e Cities of Queensland, Australia

Capital: Brisbane Cities: Bundaberg · Cairns · Caloundra · Charters Towers · Gladstone · Gold Coast · Hervey Bay · Ipswich · Logan · Mackay · Maryborough · Mount Isa · Redcliffe · Rockhampton · Toowoomba · Townsville Wikitravel is a project to create an open content, complete, up-to-date, and reliable world-wide travel guide. ... Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State Motto(s): Audax at Fidelis (Bold but Faithful) Other Australian states and territories Capital Brisbane Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Quentin Bryce Premier Anna Bligh (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 28  - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05)  - Product ($m)  $158,506 (3rd... Image File history File links Flag_of_Queensland. ... For other uses, see Brisbane (disambiguation). ... For the Bundaberg Distillery, see Bundaberg Rum. ... Caloundra () is the southern-most community on the Sunshine Coast in South East Queensland, Australia. ... Charters Towers is a city in northern Queensland, Australia. ... For other uses, see Gladstone (disambiguation). ... Gold Coast redirects here. ... Hervey Bay is a rapidly growing city in southeastern Queensland, Australia. ... The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ... Logan City Council is a Local Government Area in South East Queensland, Australia. ... Mackay (, pop. ... Maryborough is a city located on the Mary River in South East Queensland, Australia, approximately 300 kilometres north of the state capital, Brisbane. ... Mount Isa, Queensland, Australia Mount Isa is a city in North-West Queensland, Australia. ...   Redcliffe City is a municipal location north of Brisbane in Queensland, Australia. ... Rockhampton, sometimes abbreviated to Rocky, is a city in Central Queensland, Australia, located 42 kilometres (26 mi) inland from the Capricorn Coast on the Bruce Highway, approximately 640 kilometres (398 mi) north of Queenslands capital city, Brisbane. ... Toowoomba (also known as the The Garden City) is a city in South East Queensland, Australia. ... ‎ The Strand CBD from Museum of Tropical Queensland, features Castle Hill in background Townsville (Postcodes: 4810-4819) is an urban centre on the north-eastern coast of Australia, in the state of Queensland. ...