NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Caithness

Caithness (Gallaibh in Gaelic)^[1] is a committee area of Highland Council, Scotland; a lieutenancy area; and a registration county, Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... This article explains the meaning of area as a Physical quantity. ... This is a list of traditional counties of Scotland ordered by area. ... A county town is the capital of a county in Ireland or the United Kingdom. ... Wick is a coastal town on the main highway linking John O Groats with southern Britain, a royal burgh and the county town of Caithness, in the far north of Scotland. ... Chapman codes are largely a superset of the ISO 3166-2:GB and BS 6879 codes identifying administrative divisions in the United Kingdom, Ireland and their surrounding islands, but covering historical divisions. ... Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. ... Many large local government councils in the United Kingdom have a system of area committees, with responsibility for services in a particular part of the area covered by the council. ... The Highland area (Roinn na GÃ idhealtachd in Gaelic) is a unitary authority area in the Scottish Highlands and the largest administrative region in Scotland. ... Motto: (Eng: No one provokes me with impunity)1 Anthem: Multiple unofficial anthems Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official language(s) English, Gaelic, Scots 2 Government Constitutional monarchy - Queen of the UK Queen Elizabeth II - Prime Minister of the UK Tony Blair MP - First Minister Jack McConnell MSP Unification - by... The Lieutenancy areas of Scotland are the areas used for the ceremonial lords-lieutenant, the monarchs representatives, in Scotland. ... A registration county was, in the United Kingdom, a statistical unit used for the output of census information. ...

Caithness was formerly a district within the Highland region from 1975 to 1996 and a local government county with its own county council from 1890 to 1975. The name was used also for the earldom of Caithness and the Caithness constituency of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (1708 to 1918). The boundaries of Caithness are not identical in all contexts. The local government regions and districts of Scotland were established under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 as a two-tier system of local government in Scotland. ... The Highland council area (Roinn na GÃ idhealtachd[1] in Gaelic) is a local government area in the Scottish Highlands and the largest local government area in Scotland. ... The nine Regions of Scotland were established under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 as the uppermost tier of local government in Scotland. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... In the British Isles, a county council is a council that governs a county. ... The title Earl of Caithness has been created several times in the Peerage of Scotland, and has a very complex history. ... Buteshire and Caithness were constituencies of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1708 to 1918. ...

Caithness has a land boundary with Sutherland. Otherwise it is bounded by sea. The land boundary follows a watershed and is crossed by two roads (the A9 and the A836) and one railway. Across the Pentland Firth ferries link Caithness with Orkney, and Caithness has also an airport at Wick. Sutherland (Cataibh in Gaelic) is a traditional county which is now within the Highland local government area of Scotland. ... A water divide, or watershed, is relatively high ground between water basins. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The A9 north of Brora The A9 is a major road running from the Falkirk area in the south of Scotland to Thurso in the far north, via Stirling, Bridge of Allan, Perth and Inverness. ... The A836 road is entirely within the Highland area of Scotland, and 129 miles (208 km) long. ... The Pentland Firth, which is actually more of a strait than a firth, separates the Orkney Islands from Caithness, which is in the far north of the Highland area of Scotland. ... The Orkney Islands form one of 32 unitary council regions in Scotland, and are a Lieutenancy Area. ... Wick is a coastal town on the main highway linking John O Groats with southern Britain, a royal burgh and the county town of Caithness, in the far north of Scotland. ...

Wick is a Royal Burgh and is the former county town. The only other burgh in Caithness is Thurso. A Royal Burgh is a type of Scottish burgh (town or city), used today for ceremonial purposes only. ... A county town is the capital of a county in Ireland or the United Kingdom. ... A sign in Linlithgow, Scotland. ... This article refers to the town in Scotland. ...

In 2001 Caithness had a resident population of 23,866 and settlement centres include those of Berriedale, Burnside, Castletown, Dunnet, Halkirk, Haster, John O'Groats, Latheron, Mey, Reay, Sibster, Thurso, Watten and Wick.^[2] Berriedale is a suburb in the northern suburbs of Hobart, capital of Tasmania, Australia. ... Burnside may be perceived now as a predominantly residential area of Thurso, Caithness, in Highland Scotland. ... Castletown is on the north coast of Britain, around grid reference ND196678, between John O Groats and Thurso in Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland. ... Dunnet is a village in Caithness, in Highland Scotland. ... Halkirk is a town in Caithness, Scotland. ... Haster is a somewhat double-centred area in Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland. ... Location within the British Isles. ... Latheron is a sparsely populated parish in the northern Scottish county of Caithness. ... The Parish of Reay (grid reference ND116683 is a Northern Scottish community that has grown around Sandside Bay some 12 miles West of the town of Thurso. ... This article refers to the town in Scotland. ... Loch Watten Watten (grid reference ND242544) is a small village in Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland, on the main road (A882-A9) between the county town of Wick and the burgh of Thurso, about twelve kilometres (eight miles) west of Wick and close to Wick River and to... Wick is a coastal town on the main highway linking John O Groats with southern Britain, a royal burgh and the county town of Caithness, in the far north of Scotland. ...

Geography

Caithness extends about 40 miles (64 kilometres) north-south and about 30 miles (50 km) east-west. The general aspect of Caithness, which measures in area about 712 square miles (1844 km²), is flat, in contrast to the majority of Highland Region. Until the latter part of the 20th century when significant areas were planted in conifers, this was rendered still more striking by the almost total absence of forest. A mile is a unit of length, usually used to measure distance, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, United States customary units and Norwegian/Swedish mil. ... A kilometre (American spelling: kilometer) (symbol: km) is a unit of length equal to 1000 metres (from the Greek words khilia = thousand and metro = count/measure). ... Eucalyptus Forest at Swifts Creek in East Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. ...

Most of Caithness is old red sandstone to an estimated depth of over 4,000 metres. This consists of the cemented sediments of Lake Orcadie, which is believed to have stretched from Shetland to Grampian during the Devonian period, about 370 million years ago. Fossilised fish and plant remains are found between the layers of sediment. Older metamorphic (granite) rock is apparent in the Scaraben and Ord area, in the relatively high southwest area of the county. Caithness' highest point (Morven^[2]) is in this area. Image File history File linksMetadata Caithness. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Caithness. ... Halkirk is a town in Caithness, Scotland. ... Red sandstone interior of Lower Antelope Canyon, Arizona, worn smooth due to erosion by flash flooding over millions of years Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-size mineral or rock grains. ... metre or meter, see meter (disambiguation) The metre is the basic unit of length in the International System of Units. ... Shetland (formerly spelled Zetland, from etland) formerly called Hjaltland, is one of 32 council areas of Scotland. ... Grampian (Roinn a Mhonaidh in Gaelic) was a local government region of Scotland from 1975 to 1996. ... Disambiguation: Devonian is sometimes used to refer to the Southwestern Brythonic language, and the people of the county of Devon are sometimes referred to as Devonians The Devonian is a geologic period of the Paleozoic era. ... Quarrying granite for the Mormon Temple, Utah Territory. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Morven (Scottish Gaelic: A MhÃ²r Bheinn) is a mountain in Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland. ...

Because of the ease with which the sandstone splits to form large flat slabs (flagstone) it is an especially useful building material, and has been used as such since Neolithic times. Flagstone is a type of flat stone, usually used for paving slabs, but also for making fences or roofing. ... An array of Neolithic artifacts, including bracelets, axe heads, chisels, and polishing tools Excavated dwellings at Skara Brae Scotland, Europes most complete Neolithic village. ...

Caithness is a land of open, rolling farmland, moorland and scattered settlements. The area is fringed to the north and east by dramatic coastal scenery and is home to large, internationally important colonies of seabirds. The surrounding waters of the Pentland Firth and the North Sea hold a great diversity of marine life. Away from the coast, the landscape is dominated by open moorland and blanket bog, divided up along the straths (river valleys) by more fertile farm and croft land. Farmland can have several meanings: See: Farm for a general discussion of farming Farmland, Indiana, a town in the United States Farmland (cooperative), an agricultural cooperative This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Heaths are anthropogenic habitats found primarily in northern and western Europe, where they have been created by thousands of years of human clearance of natural forest vegetation by grazing and burning on mainly infertile acidic soils. ... Seabirds are birds that spend much of their lives, outside the breeding season at least, at sea. ... The Pentland Firth, which is actually more of a strait than a firth, separates the Orkney Islands from Caithness, which is in the far north of the Highland area of Scotland. ... The North Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, located between the coasts of Norway and Denmark in the east, the coast of the British Isles in the west, and the German, Dutch, Belgian and French coasts in the south. ... Heaths are anthropogenic habitats found primarily in northern and western Europe, where they have been created by thousands of years of human clearance of natural forest vegetation by grazing and burning on mainly infertile acidic soils. ... LÃ¼tt-Witt Moor, a bog in Henstedt-Ulzburg in northern Germany. ... River upstream of an Australian trout farm A river is a large natural waterway. ... FljÃ³tsdalur in East Iceland, a rather flat valley Mt. ... Bales of hay on a farm near Ames, Iowa A farm is the basic unit in agriculture. ... A croft is a fenced or enclosed area of land, usually small and arable with a crofters dwelling thereon. ...

History

The Caithness landscape is rich with the remains of pre-historic occupation. These include the Grey Cairns of Camster, the Stone Lud, the Hill O Many Stanes, a complex of sites around Loch Yarrows and over 100 brochs. And numerous coastal castles (now mostly ruins) are Norse in their foundations. When the Norsemen arrived, probably in the 10th century, the county was probably Pictish, but with its culture subject to some Goidelic influence from the Celtic Church. The name Pentland Firth can be read as meaning Pictland Fjord. Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... The original Wikisource logo. ... EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica, the 11th edition The EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910â€“1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica. ... The Stone Lud is a standing stone in the parish of Bower in Caithness, Highland Scotland, at 58° 31′ 52″ N 03° 20′ 07″ W, (Grid ref ND222617, or on this 6 inch Ordnance Survey map printed in 1877), and about six kilometres (four miles) south... The Hill O Many Stanes is a south-facing hillside in (at Grid reference: ND295384) in Mid Clyth, about 14 kilometres (9 miles) south of Wick in Caithness, Highland Scotland, which now has about 200 upright stones, none more than a metre high, set out in rows running approximately north... Dun Carloway broch, Lewis, Scotland The Broch is an Iron Age dry stone tower of a type which is unique to Scotland. ... Norsemen (the Norse) is the indigenous or ancient name for the people of Scandinavia, including (but not limited to) the Vikings. ... A replica of the Hilton of Cadboll Stone. ... Goidelic is one of two major divisions of modern-day Celtic languages (the other being Brythonic). ... Celtic Christianity is Christianity as it was first received and practiced by communities with Celtic backgrounds that observed certain practices divergent from those in the rest of Europe. ...

Numerous bands of Norse settlers landed in the county, and gradually established themselves around the coast. On the Latheron (south) side, they extended their settlements as far as Berriedale. Most of the names of places, and not a few of the surnames in the lowland parts of the county, are Norse in origin. A dialect of the Norn language was spoken, although little is known about it. Some of this linguistic influence still exists in some parts of the county, however. A native of Wick, for example, will tend to say til insted of to. This is an example of the surviving modern use of an Old Norse word (til is Old Norse for to). Latheron is a sparsely populated parish in the northern Scottish county of Caithness. ... Norn is an extinct North Germanic language that was spoken on the Shetland Islands and Orkney Islands, off the coast of Scotland. ... Old Norse or Danish tongue is the Germanic language once spoken by the inhabitants of the Nordic countries (for instance during the Viking Age). ...

For a long time sovereignty over Caithness was disputed between Scotland and the Norwegian Earldom of Orkney. Circa 1196 Earl Harald Maddadarsson agreed to pay a monetary tribute for Caithness to William I. Norway has recognised Caithness as fully Scottish since the Treaty of Perth in 1266. William I the Lion ( known in Gaelic as Uilliam Garm1 or William the Rough), (1142/1143 - December 4, 1214) reigned as King of Scots from 1165 to 1214. ... The Treaty of Perth ended military conflict between Norway under Magnus the Law-mender and Scotland under Alexander III over the sovereignty of the Western Isles, the Isle of Man and Caithness. ...

Scottish Gaelic was spoken in the west of the county into the 20th century, although it is believed to be extinct now. It is sometimes erroneously claimed to have never been spoken in Caithness although interestingly the Gaelic name for the region, Gallaibh, translates as "Land of the Gall (non-Gaels)" . The language boundary changed over time, but the New Statistical Record in 1841 says, Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. ...

Historically, the Anglic language of Caithness has been defined and named, usually, as English. There is little^[3] or no^[4] evidence, predating the late 20th century, of Scots being used as a name for Caithness dialect, but there is now, in some quarters, a tendency to see and name it as a form of Scots language. The Anglic languages (also called Anglian languages) are one of the two branches of Anglo-Frisian languages, itself a branch of West Germanic. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... A dialect (from the Greek word Î´Î¹Î¬Î»ÎµÎºÏ„Î¿Ï‚, dialektos) is a variety of a language used by people from a particular geographic area. ... Scots is an Anglic variety spoken in Scotland, where it is sometimes called Lowland Scots to distinguish it from Scottish Gaelic spoken by some in the Highlands and Islands (especially the Hebrides). ...

Natural heritage

The underlying geology, harsh climate and long history of human occupation have shaped this rich and distinctive natural heritage. Today we see a diverse landscape incorporating both common and rare habitats and species, and Caithness provides a stronghold for many once common breeding species that have undergone serious declines elsewhere, such as waders, water voles and flocks of over-wintering birds. Families Charadridae Jacanidae Rostratulidae Ibidorhynchidae Recurvirostridae Haematopodidae Scolopacidae Dromadidae Burhinidae Glareolidae Thinocoridae Waders, called Shorebirds in North America (where wader is used to refer to long-legged wading birds such as storks and herons), are members of the order Charadriiformes, excluding the more marine web-footed seabird groups. ... Binomial name Arvicola terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758) // Description The Water Vole (Arvicola terrestris) is a semi-aquatic mammal that resembles a rat. ... // Long-distance land bird migration Many species of land migratory birds migrate very long distances, the most common pattern being for birds to breed in the temperate or arctic northern hemisphere and winter in warmer regions, often in the tropics or the temperate zones of the southern hemisphere. ...

Many rare mammals, birds and fish have been sighted or caught in and around Caithness waters. Harbour porpoises, dolphins (including Risso's, bottle-nosed, common, Atlantic white-sided and white-beaked dolphins) and minke and long-finned pilot whales are regularly seen from the shore and boats. Both grey and common seals come close to the shore to feed, rest and raise their pups, and otters can be seen close to river mouths in some of the quieter locations. Orders Many - see section below. ... Binomial name Phocoena phocoena Linnaeus, 1758 Harbour Porpoise range The Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is one of six species of porpoise, and so one of about eighty cetacean species. ... Binomial name Grampus griseus (G. Cuvier, 1812) Rissos Dolphin range The Rissos Dolphin (Grampus griseus) is the only species of dolphin in the genus Grampus. ... Binomial name Tursiops truncatus Montagu, 1821 The Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is the most common and well-known dolphin species. ... Binomial name Delphinus capensis Gray, 1828 Long-beaked Common Dolphin range Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758 Short-beaked Common Dolphin range The common dolphin is the name given to up to three species of dolphin making up the genus Delphinus. ... Binomial name Lagenorhynchus acutus (Gray, 1828) Atlantic White-sided Dolphin range The Atlantic White-sided Dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus) is a distinctively coloured dolphin found in the cool to temperate waters of the North Atlantic Ocean. ... Binomial name Lagenorhynchus albirostris (Gray, 1846) White-beaked Dolphin range The White-beaked Dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) is a marine mammal belonging to the family Delphinidae (dolphins) in the suborder of the Odontoceti, or toothed whales. ... Binomial name Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacepede, 1804 Balaenoptera bonaerensis Burmeister, 1867 Minke Whale range Antarctic Minke Whale range Dwarf Minke Whale range The Minke Whale or Lesser Rorqual is a marine mammal belonging to the suborder of baleen whales. ... Binomial name Globicephala macrorhynchus Short-finned Pilot Whale range Binomial name Globicephala melas Long-finned Pilot Whale range A Pilot Whale is one of two species of cetacean in the genus Globicephala. ... Binomial name Halichoerus grypus (Fabricius, 1791) Grey Seal range (in blue) The Grey Seal (Halichoerus grypus) is found on both shores of the North Atlantic Ocean. ... Binomial name bobbi Linnaeus,, 1758 Common or Harbour Seals (Phoca vitulina) are true seals of the Northern Hemisphere. ... Genera Amblonyx Aonyx Enhydra Lontra Lutra Lutrogale Pteronura The aquatic (sometimes marine) carnivorous mammals known as otters form part of the large and diverse family Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, polecats, badgers, and others. ...

District

Caithness was a district of the Highland local government region of Scotland from 1975 to 1996. When created, under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973, the district included the whole of the county plus Tongue and Farr areas of the neighbouring county of Sutherland. The boundary was soon changed, however, to correspond with that between the counties. Caithness was one of eight districts in the Highland region. The Highland unitary authority area (Roinn na GÃ idhealtachd in Gaelic) is a local government area in the Scottish Highlands and the largest local government area in Scotland. ... Local governments are administrative offices of an area smaller than a state or province. ... The nine Regions of Scotland were established under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 as the uppermost tier of local government in Scotland. ... The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (1973 c. ... Tongue (Scots Gaelic: Tunga ) is a coastal village in northwestHighland, Scotland (in the western part of the former county of Sutherland. ... Strathnaver or Strath Naver (Scottish Gaelic, Srath Nabhair) is the valley or strath of the River Naver, Scotland, in the Sutherland area of Highland. ... Sutherland (Cataibh in Gaelic) is a traditional county which is now within the Highland local government area of Scotland. ...

The region was also created in 1975, as one of nine two-tier local government regions of Scotland. Each region consisted of a number of districts and both regions and districts had their own elected councils. The creation of the Highland region and of Caithness as a district involved the abolition of the two burgh councils in Caithness, Wick and Thurso, as well as the Caithness county council. The royal burgh of Wick, which had served as the county's administrative centre, became the administrative centre for the district. Local governments are administrative offices of an area smaller than a state or province. ... A sign in Linlithgow, Scotland. ... Wick is a coastal town on the main highway linking John O Groats with southern Britain, a royal burgh and the county town of Caithness, in the far north of Scotland. ... This article refers to the town in Scotland. ... In the British Isles, a county council is a council that governs a county. ... A Royal Burgh is a type of Scottish burgh (town or city), used today for ceremonial purposes only. ...

In 1996 local government in Scotland was again reformed, to create 32 unitary council areas. The Highland region became the Highland unitary council area, and the functions of the district councils were absorbed by the Highland council. The council areas of Scotland form the local government areas of Scotland, all of them unitary authorities. ...

Since 1996 the Highland council has maintained area committees named for the former districts, but the boundaries of the committee areas may not always follow those of the districts. Many large British councils have a system of area committees, with responsibility for services in particular part of the area covered by the council. ...

Area committee

The committee area consists of 10 out of the 80 Highland Council wards. Each ward elects one councilor by the first past the post system of election. Politics in the Highland council area are discernable in election results for three assemblies, the Highland Council, the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (Westminster) and the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood). ... Many large local government councils in the United Kingdom have a system of area committees, with responsibility for services in a particular part of the area covered by the council. ... The Highland area (Roinn na GÃ idhealtachd in Gaelic) is a unitary authority area in the Scottish Highlands and the largest administrative region in Scotland. ... A ward is an electoral district used in local politics, most notably in England, Scotland, and Wales, as well as Australia, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa and many cities in the United States and the federal district of Washington, DC. Wards are usually named after neighbourhoods... A councillor is a member of a council (such as a city council), particularly in the U.K. and its former colonies. ... The plurality voting system, also known as first past the post, is a voting system used to elect a single winner in a given election. ...

The area is represented by six independent councillors, three Liberal Democrat councillors and one Labour councillor. The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal political party based in the United Kingdom. ... The Labour Party has been, since its founding in the early 20th century, the main democratic socialist[1] political party in the United Kingdom. ...

The area does not include the village of Reay, which is within the Sutherland area. Most of the parish of Reay, however, is within the Caithness area. Reay (Ordnance Survey grid reference NC964647) is a village which has grown around Sandside Bay, Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland. ... Sutherland (Cataibh in Gaelic) is a traditional county which is now within the Highland local government area of Scotland. ...

Subdivisions

Community councils

The area of the former Caithness district of the Highland region (as abolished in 1996) is divided between 12 community councils^[5]. The Highland unitary authority area (Roinn na GÃ idhealtachd in Gaelic) is a local government area in the Scottish Highlands and the largest local government area in Scotland. ... The local government regions and districts of Scotland were established under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 as a two-tier system of local government in Scotland. ... Community councils (CCs) are the most local official representative bodies in Scotland and Wales. ...

Boundaries date from circa 1975, when the regions and districts system of local government was created. They have no correspondence with the boundaries of now existing Highland Council wards, which were created in 1999. The local government regions and districts of Scotland were established under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 as a two-tier system of local government in Scotland. ... The Highland area (Roinn na GÃ idhealtachd in Gaelic) is a unitary authority area in the Scottish Highlands and the largest administrative region in Scotland. ... A ward is an electoral district used in local politics, most notably in England, Scotland, and Wales, as well as Australia, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa and many cities in the United States and the federal district of Washington, DC. Wards are usually named after neighbourhoods...

Two of the community councils are officially 'inactive', due to lack of nomination of candidates for election to the councils.

Parishes

Historically, for civil administration purposes, the county of Caithness has been divided between 10 parishes: A parish is a subdivision of a diocese or bishopric within the Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Communion, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Church of Sweden, and of some other churches. ...

Prior to implementation of the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889, these were also parishes of the Church of Scotland, and one Caithness parish, Reay, straddled the boundary between the county of Caithness and the county of Sutherland, and another, Thurso had a separate fragment bounded by Reay and Halkirk. For civil administration purposes, implementation of the act redefined parish boundaries, transferring part of Reay to the Sutherland parish of Farr and the fragment of Thurso to the parish of Halkirk.^[6] The Stone Lud is a standing stone in the parish of Bower in Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland (at and Ordnance Survey grid reference ND222617) and about six kilometres (four miles) south of Castletown. ... Location within the British Isles. ... Dunnet is a village in Caithness, in Highland Scotland. ... Looking west from the cliffs at Easter Head, towards Cape Wrath, in 2002. ... Halkirk is a town in Caithness, Scotland. ... Latheron is a sparsely populated parish in the northern Scottish county of Caithness. ... Reay (Ordnance Survey grid reference NC964647) is a village which has grown around Sandside Bay, Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland. ... Sutherland (Cataibh in Gaelic) is a committee area of the Highland Council, Scotland, a registration county, and a lieutenancy area. ... Castletown is on the north coast of Britain, around grid reference ND196678, between John O Groats and Thurso in Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland. ... This article refers to the town in Scotland. ... Loch Watten Watten (grid reference ND242544) is a small village in Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland, on the main road (A882-A9) between the county town of Wick and the burgh of Thurso, about twelve kilometres (eight miles) west of Wick and close to Wick River and to... Wick (Inbhir Uige in Gaelic) is an estuary town in Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland, on the main highway (the A99-A9 road) linking John O Groats with southern Britain. ... The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1888 (52 & 53 Vict. ... The Church of Scotland (CofS, known informally as The Kirk, Eaglais na h-Alba in Scottish Gaelic) is the national church of Scotland. ... Sutherland (Cataibh in Gaelic) is a committee area of the Highland Council, Scotland, a registration county, and a lieutenancy area. ... Farr is a surname, and may refer to Bruce Farr Diane Farr Florence Farr Gareth Farr Jack Farr Jamie Farr Jastus Farr Jim Farr John Farr John Richard Farr Judi Farr Mel Farr Miller Farr Nick Farr-Jones Sam Farr Steve Farr Tommy Farr Wanda Kirkbride Farr William Farr William...

Parish councils were created under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1894. A parish council is a council of members of a particular parish or religious community who have a responsibility to administrate the affairs of that community. ... The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1894 (57 & 58 Vict. ...

The councils were abolished under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929 and, as civil administration areas, parishes were rendered redundant by provisions of the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973, which came into effect in 1975. The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929 created two joint county councils covering Perthshire and Kinross-shire, and Morayshire and Nairnshire, but retained residual Nairnshire and Kinross-shire county councils. ... The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (1973 c. ...

Constituency

The Caithness constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain (1708 to 1801) and the Parliament of the United Kingdom (1801 to 1918) represented essentially the county from 1708 to 1918. At the same time however, the county town of Wick was represented as a component of Tain Burghs until 1832 and of Wick Burghs until 1918. Buteshire and Caithness were constituencies of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1708 to 1918. ... The House of Commons is a component of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also includes the Sovereign and the House of Lords. ... The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative institution in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories (it alone has parliamentary sovereignty). ... The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories. ... Location within the British Isles Noted point: Designer musician Douglas More hails from Wick! Wick (Inbhir Uige in Gaelic) is an estuary town in Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland, on the main highway (the A99-A9 road) linking John O Groats with southern Britain. ... Tain Burghs, was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1708 to 1801 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832, sometimes known as Northern Burghs. ... Wick Burghs, was sometimes known as Northern Burghs. ...

Between 1708 and 1832 the Caithness constituency was one of the Buteshire and Caithness alternating constituencies: one constituency elected a Member of Parliament (MP) to one parliament and then the other elected an MP to the next. Between 1832 and 1918 it was a separate constituency, electing an MP to every parliament. Buteshire and Caithness were constituencies of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1708 to 1918. ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to a parliament; in the Westminster system, specifically to the lower house. ... States currently utilizing parliamentary systems are denoted in red and orangeâ€”the former being constitutional monarchies where authority is vested in a parliament, and the latter being parliamentary republics whose parliaments are effectively supreme over a separate head of state. ...

In 1918 the Caithness constituency and Wick were merged into the then new constituency of Caithness and Sutherland. In 1997 Caithness and Sutherland was merged into Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross. Caithness and Sutherland was a constituency the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 1997. ... Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ...

The modern constituencies may be seen as more sub-divisions of the Highland area than as representative of counties (and burghs). For its own purposes, however, the Highland Council uses more conservative sub-divisions, with names which refer back to the era of district councils and, in some cases, county councils. The Highland unitary authority area (Roinn na GÃ idhealtachd in Gaelic) is a local government area in the Scottish Highlands and the largest local government area in Scotland. ...

In the Scottish Parliament Caithness is represented also as part of the Highlands and Islands electoral region. The Scottish Parliaments logo in English and Gaelic. ... The Highlands and Islands is one of the eight electoral areas for the Scottish Parliament through which 7 of the 56 Additional Members System MSPs are elected. ... The Scottish Parliament (Holyrood) has 73 constituencies, each electing one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) by the first past the post system of election, and eight additional member regions, each electing seven additional member MSPs. ...

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