Calcineurin is a Ca/calmodulin-dependent serine-threonine phosphatase that plays an important role in transducing Ca-dependent signals in a variety of cell types.
It is a heterodimers of two subunits: Calcineurin B/CnB, the 19-kda Ca+-binding and regulatory subunit, and Calcineurin A/CnA, ~61-kda catalytic subunit that is highly homologous with PP1 and PP2A.
Calcineurin mediated dephosphorylation of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NF-AT) is required for NF-AT activation, nuclear translocation, and subsequent gene expression in T-cells.
Calcineurin is a heterodimeric protein consisting of a catalytic subunit (calcineurin A), with an active metal binding centre, and a regulatory subunit (calcineurin B), which binds to calcium [19].
Calcineurin is involved in a wide variety of biological responses including neuronal and muscle development, neurite outgrowth, morphogenesis of vertebrate heart valves, memory development, behavioral response etc [21-26].
Calcineurin activity was assayed in both sera and tissue lysate by measuring the dephosphorylation of RII peptide, a specific substrate of calcineurin.
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