The Caledon bay crisis refers to a series of killings in Caledon Bay in the Northern Territory of Australia in 1932-1934. They threatened to create even deeper rifts between Indigenous Australians and non-Indigenous Australians, but, largely because of one man, it instead became a turning point towards reconciliation. Capital Darwin Government Const. ... Indigenous Australians or Aborigines[1][2] are the first human inhabitants of the Australian continent and its nearby islands. ...

In 1932, Japanese poachers captured and raped a group of Yolngu women in the Caledon Bay area of North-East Arnhem Land, and then attacked the Yolngu men who came to rescue them. In the resulting fight, five Japanese poachers were killed. In a further related incident on Woodah Island, two white men, Fagan and Traynor, were killed. An investigating policeman, Constable McColl, was subsequently also killed by the Yolngu people. According to eye-witnesses, Constable McColl had handcuffed and then raped a Yolngu woman, and had then fired his revolver at her husband, Takiara (or Dhaakiyarr), who had responded to her cries for help. Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1932 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Poaching (disambiguation). ... Image:Some aboriginal communities in the northern territory australia. ... Caledon Bay is a bay in Arnhem Land, in the Northern Territory of Australia, at approximately 12. ... Arnhem Land is an area of 97,000 km² in the north-eastern corner of the Northern Territory, Australia. ... Woodah Island is an island in Arnhem Land, in the Northern Territory of Australia, at . ...

The killings triggered panic in Darwin (capital of the Northern Territory) and Canberra (capital of Australia), generating fears that the Aborigines might stage an uprising. A punitive expedition was proposed by the Federal Government to "teach the blacks a lesson" ^[1]. In a previous "punitive expedition" in 1928 (now known as the Coniston massacre), police had slaughtered 100 Aboriginal men, women and children at Coniston in Central Australia. Darwin is the capital city of the Australian Territory of the Northern Territory. ... For other uses, see Canberra (disambiguation). ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... The Coniston massacre was the last known massacre of Indigenous Australians, people of the families from the Warlpiri, Anmatyerre and Kaytetye groups were killed. ... Coniston, Northern Territory, Australia is a sheep station in central Australia at latitude 22. ...

Many feared another such slaughter, and a party from the Church Missionary Society travelled to Arnhem Land and persuaded Takiara and three other men, who were sons of a Yolngu elder, Wonggu, to return to Darwin with them for trial. In Darwin, to the horror of the missionaries, Takiara was sentenced to death by hanging, and the three other men were sentenced to twenty years hard labour. On appeal, Takiara’s sentence was quashed, and he was released from jail, but disappeared. It was widely believed he had been lynched by police. The Church Mission Society (formerly the Church Missionary Society) is a voluntary society working with the Anglican Church and other Protestant Christians around the world. ...

The resulting crisis threatened to bring about even more bloodshed. To defuse the situation, a young anthropologist, Donald Thomson, offered to investigate the causes of the conflict. He travelled to Arnhem Land, on a mission that many said would be suicidal, and got to know and understand the people who lived there. After seven months’ investigation he persuaded the Federal Government to free the three men convicted of the killings and returned with them to their own country, living for over a year with their people, documenting their culture. Donald Thomson (1901 – 1970) was an Australian anthropologist who was largely responsible for turning the Caledon Bay Crisis into a decisive moment in the history of Aboriginal-European relations. He is remembered as a friend of the Yolngu people, and as a champion of understanding, by non-Indigenous Australians, of...

He formed a strong bond with the Yolngu people, and in 1941 he persuaded the Army to establish a Special Reconnaissance Force of Yolngu men, including Wonggu and his sons, to help repel Japanese raids on the northern coastline of Australia. For the movie, see 1941 (film). ...

As historian Henry A. Reynolds wrote: The Caledon Bay Crisis "was a decisive moment in the history of Aboriginal-European relations. The High Court condemned frontier justice, the punitive expedition did not ride into Yolngu country and there had been an unprecedented outburst of public sentiment demanding a new deal for Indigenous Australians." Henry Reynolds is an Australian historian. ... Indigenous Australians or Aborigines[1][2] are the first human inhabitants of the Australian continent and its nearby islands. ...

Image File history File links Australian_Aboriginal_Flag. ... Image File history File links Torres_Strait_Islanders_Flag. ... This List of Indigenous Australian group names contains names and collective designations which have been applied, either formerly or in the past, to groups of Indigenous Australians. ... The Torres Strait Islander Flag. ... Some Indigenous Australians are remembered in history for leadership prior to European colonisation, some for their resistance to that colonisation, others for assisting Europeans explore the country. ... Numerous Indigenous Australians have been notable for their contributions to politics, including participation in governments and activism in Australia. ... Numerous Indigenous Australians and noted sportspeople. ... Numerous Indigenous Australians are noted for their participation in, and contributions to the visual and performing arts in Australia and abroad. ... Numerous Indigenous Australians are notable for their contributions to Australian literature and journalism. ... This is a list of Indigenous Australian musicians. ... Aboriginal Australia contains a large number of tribal divisions and language groups, and, corresponding to this, a wide variety of diversity exists within cultural practices. ... Dreaming is a common term among Indigenous Australians for a personal, or group, creation story and for the mythological time of creation, as well as for the places where the creation spirits now lie dormant in the land. ... Representation of the Rainbow serpent, the Waugal For other uses, see Dreamtime (disambiguation). ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Australian Aboriginal kinship refers to the system of law governing social interaction, particularly marriage, in traditional Aboriginal culture. ... Australian Aboriginal avoidance practices refers to those relationships in traditional Aboriginal society where certain people were required to avoid others in their family or clan. ... Indigenous Australians had distinct ways of dividing the year up. ... Australian Aboriginal enumeration refers to the way some Australian Aborigines traditionally counted. ... Marn Grook (also spelt marngrook) is an Australian Aboriginal ball game, which is claimed to have had an influence on the modern game of Australian rules football, most notably in the spectacular jumping and high marking exhibited by the players of both games. ... Kurdaitcha (or kurdaitcha man) is a ritual executioner in Aboriginal Australian culture. ... Many of the Australian Aboriginal cultures have a strong element of astronomy. ... Songlines - the British based world music magazine featuring the greatest artists in the current music scene on the web at [Songlines http://www. ... A message stick is a form of communication traditionally used by Indigenous Australians. ... This List of Indigenous Australian group names contains names and collective designations which have been applied, either formerly or in the past, to groups of Indigenous Australians. ... The Pama-Nyungan languages are the most widespread family of Australian languages. ... Many Australian Aboriginal cultures have or traditionally had a sign language counterpart to their spoken language. ... Avoidance speech, or mother-in-law languages, is a feature of many Australian Aboriginal languages and some North American languages whereby in the presence of certain relatives it is taboo to use everyday speech style, and instead a special speech style must be used. ... . ... These words of Australian Aboriginal origin include some which are almost universal in the English-speaking world, such as kangaroo and boomerang. ... 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Australians for Native Title and Reconciliation (ANTaR) is an independent, national network of mainly non-Indigenous organisations and individuals working in support of justice for Indigenous Australians. ... Reconciliation Australia is the non-government, not-for-profit foundation established in January 2001 to provide a continuing national focus for reconciliation. ... European Network for Indigenous Australian Rights (ENIAR) is a European wide non-profit organisation that promotes awareness of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander issues and to provide information for Indigenous Australians about European and international organisations. ... Proclamation of the Day of Mourning. ... Bush Tucker is a colloquial Australian term for any food native to Australia and eaten before European colonisation. ... Bush medicine is the term used in Australia by Aboriginal people to describe their traditional medicinal knowledge and practices. ... Bush bread refers to the bread made by Australian Aborigines for many thousands of years. ... Australian Aboriginal fibrecraft refers to the various ways Australian Aborigines created fibres traditionally. ... A soakage, or soak, is a source of water in Australian deserts. ... A 19th century engraving showing Aboriginal people and humpy. ... Sewn and incised possum-skin cloak of Wurundjeri origin (Melbourne Museum) Possum-skin cloaks were a form of clothing worn by Australian Aborigines in the south-east of the continent – present-day Victoria and southern New South Wales. ... Indigenous Australian peoples traditionally classified food sources in a methodical way. ... Australian Aborigines had many ways to source sweet foods. ... Fire-stick farming is a term coined by Australian archeologist Rhys Jones in 1969 to describe the practice of Indigenous Australians where fire was used regularly to burn vegetation to facilitate hunting and to change the composition of plant and animal species in an area. ... The woomera in this picture is the wooden object at left A woomera is an Australian Aboriginal spear-throwing device. ... This article is about the wooden implement. ... The coolamon in this picture is at top left. ... The Arts is a broad subdivision of culture, comprised of many expressive disciplines. ... Aboriginal hollow log tomb Indigenous Australian art is art produced by Indigenous Australians, covering works that pre-date European colonisation as well as contemporary art by Aboriginal Australians based on traditional culture. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... Papunya Tula, or Papunya Tula Artists Pty Ltd, is an artists cooperative, formed in 1972 to market the paintings of a group of Aboriginal Australian men who had begun painting traditional designs using western art materials at the Papunya settlement, 240 km northwest of Alice Springs in Central Australia in... Indigenous Australian music includes the music of Australian Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders, who are collectively called Indigenous Australians; it incorporates a wide variety of distinctive traditional music styles practised by Indigenous Australian peoples, as well as a range of contemporary musical styles both derivative of and fusion with European... Aboriginal rock is a rather nebulous term for a style of music which mixes traditional rock music elements (guitar, drums, bass etc) with the instrumentation of Indigenous Australians (Didjeridu, clap-sticks etc). ... This article includes a list of works cited but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... // A 19th century engraving of an Indigenous Australian encampment, showing the indigenous mode of life in the cooler parts of Australia at the time of European settlement. ... The prehistory of Australia is a term which may be used to describe the period of approximately 40-45,000 years (or more, as is contended by some studies) between the first human habitation of the Australian continent and the first definitive sighting of Australia by Europeans in 1606, which... The Aboriginal History of Western Australia is the history of the indigenous inhabitants of the western third of the Australian continent, from their own perspective. ... Shows location of Gurindji (blue, near top left) in the Northern Territory The Gurindji Strike lasted from 1966 to 1975 at Wave Hill cattle station in the Northern Territory of Australia. ... This is a list of massacres of Indigenous Australians. ... Umbarra, King Merriman, from the Djirringanj of Bermagui with King plate King plates were a form of regalia used chiefly in pre-Federation Australia by white colonial authorities to recognise local Aboriginal leaders. ... The Aboriginal Land Rights Act was signed by the Govenor-General of Australia 16 December, 1976. ... Proclamation of the Day of Mourning. ... The Aboriginal Tent Embassy in Canberra has existed intermittently since 1972. ... The Caledon bay crisis refers to a series of killings in Caledon Bay in the Northern Territory of Australia in 1932-1934. ... From as early as the 1830s, a Native Police Corps was established in the Australian colony of New South Wales (now Victoria). ... The Stolen Generation (or Stolen Generations) is a term used to describe the Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, usually of mixed descent, who were taken from their families by Australian government agencies and church missions, under various state acts of parliament, denying the rights of parents and making... Native title is a concept in the law of Australia that recognises the continued ownership of land by local Indigenous Australians. ... Petrol sniffing is a form of substance abuse where a person deliberately inhales petrol fumes for the intoxicating effect. ... The Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody (1987-1991) investigated allegations of murder of Australian Aboriginals in prison. ...

References

1. ^ [1]

• Thomson, D., & Peterson, N., 1983,“Donald Thomson in Arnhem Land”, Miegunyah Press, Melbourne. Revised ed. publ. 2003, ISBN 0-522-85063-4
• Dhakiyarr Wirrpanda The first Aboriginal Australian whose case was heard in the High Court at the National Archives of Australia

Melbourne University Publishing (MUP) is the book publishing arm of the University of Melbourne (Australia). ... The National Archives of Australia is a body established by the Government of Australia for the purpose of preserving government and public records. ...

External links

• ATSIC The First Reconciliation Act