The Caledonian Railway was a Scottish railway company which was grouped into the London Midland and Scottish Railway by the Railways Act 1921 in 1923. Timeline of Scottish history Caledonia List of not fully sovereign nations Subdivisions of Scotland National parks (Scotland) Traditional music of Scotland Flower of Scotland Wars of Scottish Independence National Trust for Scotland Historic houses in Scotland Castles in Scotland Museums in Scotland Abbeys and priories in Scotland Gardens in Scotland... The Railways Act of 1921, also known as the Grouping forcibly merged British railway companies into The Big Four, as of 1st January 1923. ... The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS1) was a British railway company. ... The Railways Act of 1921, also known as the Grouping forcibly merged British railway companies into The Big Four, as of 1st January 1923. ... 1923 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Early History

The earliest railways in Scotland and England were unconnected. Timeline of Scottish history Caledonia List of not fully sovereign nations Subdivisions of Scotland National parks (Scotland) Traditional music of Scotland Flower of Scotland Wars of Scottish Independence National Trust for Scotland Historic houses in Scotland Castles in Scotland Museums in Scotland Abbeys and priories in Scotland Gardens in Scotland... Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location within the UK Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area - Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population - Total (mid-2004) - Density Ranked 1st UK 50. ...

From about 1838 the London and Birmingham Railway had linked these two destinations; the Grand Junction Railway linked Birmingham to Warrington; the North Union Railway was projected to reach Preston; and the Grand Junction Railway intended to extend the line to both Glasgow and Edinburgh. They got their engineer Joseph Locke to survey a route from Carlisle. The obvious way was to follow Thomas Telford's coach road through Annandale and Clydesdale. He did not believe a locomotive could climb the hills at Moffat and his prefered route was a longer route through Nithsdale to link up with the Glasgow, Paisley Kilmarnock & Ayr Railway. However Locke was persuaded to resurvey the Annandale route. 1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The London and Birmingham Railway (L&BR) was an early railway company in the United Kingdom, which existed between 1833 and 1846 when it becam a constituent part of the London and North Western Railway. ... The Grand Junction Railway (GJR) was an early railway company in the United Kingdom which existed between 1833 and 1846. ... The city from above Centenary Square. ... Warrington is a large town and borough in North West England, between Manchester and Liverpool. ... The North Union Railway was an early British railway company, formed in 1834 and whose line was fully opened in 1838, running from the Liverpool and Manchester Railway at Parkside, near Warrington, northwards to Preston, via Wigan. ... Preston is a city and local government district in North West England. ... The Grand Junction Railway (GJR) was an early railway company in the United Kingdom which existed between 1833 and 1846. ... Glasgows location in Scotland Glasgow (or Glaschu in Gaelic) is Scotlands largest city and unitary council, situated on the River Clyde in the countrys west central lowlands. ... Edinburghs location in Scotland Edinburgh viewed from Arthurs Seat. ... Joseph Locke, railway engineer Joseph Locke (9 August 1805- 18 September 1860) was a notable British civil engineer of the 19th century, particularly associated with railway projects. ... Map sources for Carlisle at grid reference NY3955 This article is about the English city. ... Thomas Telford (August 9, 1757 - September 2, 1834) was born in Westerkirk, Scotland. ... // Original meaning and etymology The original meaning of the term coach was: a horse-drawn vehicle designed for the conveyance of more than one passenger — and of mail — and covered for protection from the elements. ... Annandale is a region in the south of Scotland. ... Clydesdale (Dail Chluaidh in Scottish Gaelic) was formerly (1975-96) a local government district in the Strathclyde Region of Scotland. ... A locomotive (from lat. ... Moffat is a burgh and former spa town in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, lying on the River Annan. ... Nithsdale was formerly (1975-96) a local government district in the Dumfries and Galloway region of Scotland. ...

The Mainline

This ran from Carlisle to a junction at Carstairs and then Glasgow and Edinburgh.

See also

• List of early British railway companies
• Caledonian Railway 812 Class

The following list sets out to show all the railway companies set up by Acts of Parliament in the 19th century until the late 1850s. ... Caledonian Railway no. ...

External links

• The Caledonian Railway Association
• Preserved Carriage Database

References

• Nock, O.S. and Cross, Derek, (1960). Mainlines Across the Border. Shepperton: Ian Allan Ltd.
• Thomas, John, (1971). A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain, Volume 6, Scotland: The Lowlands and the Borders. Newton Abbot: David & Charles.