Caligula
Directed by	Tinto Brass (later disowned)
Produced by	Bob Guccione Franco Rossellini
Written by	Gore Vidal (later disowned) Malcolm McDowell Massolino D'Amico Tinto Brass (the latter three are all uncredited)
Starring	Malcolm McDowell John Gielgud Peter O'Toole Helen Mirren Teresa Ann Savoy
Music by	Sergei Prokofiev Aram Khachaturyan Bruno Nicholai (under the pseudonym of "Paul Clemente")
Distributed by	Produzioni Atlas Consorziate (Italy) Independent Artists (USA)
Release date(s)	August 14, 1979 Italy February 1, 1980 USA
Running time	210 Mins (Workprint) 156 Mins (NTSC Speed)/150 Mins (PAL Speed) (Unrated Version) 150 Mins (Original Italian Release) 149 Mins (UK 18 Version) 123 Mins (Recut Italian Release) 105 Mins (1981 R-rated Version) 102 Mins (1999 R-rated version)
Language	English, Italian
Budget	$17,500,000 (initial) $22,000,000 (final)
Allmovie profile
IMDb profile

Caligula is a 1979 film directed by Tinto Brass, with additional scenes filmed by Giancarlo Lui and Penthouse founder Bob Guccione. The film concerns the rise and fall of Roman Emperor Gaius Caesar Germanicus, better known as "Caligula". Caligula was written by Gore Vidal and co-financed by Penthouse magazine, and produced by Guccione and Franco Rossellini. It stars Malcolm McDowell as the Emperor. Caligula remains the only major motion picture to feature eminent film actors (Sir John Gielgud, Peter O'Toole, Malcolm McDowell, Dame Helen Mirren) in a film with graphic and explicit sex.^[1] The tagline of the film reads, "What would you have done if you had been given absolute power of life and death over everybody else in the whole world?" ^[2] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Giovanni Brass (born March 26, 1933), better known as Tinto Brass, is one of the most well-known and controversial Italian filmmakers. ... Bob Guccione and friend Robert Charles Joseph Edward Sabatini Guccione (b. ... Eugene Luther Gore Vidal (born October 3, 1925) (pronounced and , ) is an American author of novels, stage plays, screenplays, and essays, and the scion of a prominent political family. ... Malcolm McDowell (born 13 June 1943) is a British actor. ... Giovanni Brass (born March 26, 1933), better known as Tinto Brass, is one of the most well-known and controversial Italian filmmakers. ... Sir Arthur John Gielgud, OM, CH (14 April 1904 – 21 May 2000), known as Sir John Gielgud, was an English theatre and film actor. ... Peter Seamus OToole (born August 2, 1932, uncertain but presumed correct date[1]) is an eight-time Academy Award-nominated Irish actor. ... Dame Helen Mirren, DBE (born July 26, 1945), is an English stage, television and film actress. ... Teresa Ann Savoy (b. ... Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev (Russian: , Sergej Sergejevič Prokofijev; April 27 (April 151 O.S.), 1891–March 5, 1953) was a Russian and Soviet composer who mastered numerous musical genres and came to be admired as one of the greatest composers of the 20th century. ... Aram Khachaturian Aram Ilich Khachaturian (Armenian: Արամ Խաչատրյան, Aram Xačatryan; Russian: Аpaм Ильич Xaчaтypян, Aram Ilič Hačaturjan) (June 6, 1903 – May 1, 1978) was a composer of classical music. ... is the 226th day of the year (227th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... A workprint is a rough version of a motion picture, used by the film editor(s) during the editing process. ... NTSC is the analog television system in use in the United States, Canada, Japan, Mexico, the Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan, and some other countries (see map). ... For other uses, see PAL (disambiguation). ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... This article is about motion pictures. ... Giovanni Brass (born March 26, 1933), better known as Tinto Brass, is one of the most well-known and controversial Italian filmmakers. ... Jesse Capelli on Penthouse magazine cover Penthouse is a mens magazine founded by Bob Guccione, combining urban lifestyle articles and soft-core pornographic pictorials, that eventually, in the 1990s evolved into hard-core. ... Bob Guccione and friend Robert Charles Joseph Edward Sabatini Guccione (b. ... Ordinary Magistrates Extraordinary Magistrates Titles and Honors Emperor Politics and Law This article discusses the nature of the imperial dignity, and its dynastic development throughout the history of the Empire. ... This article is about the Roman emperor. ... Eugene Luther Gore Vidal (born October 3, 1925) (pronounced and , ) is an American author of novels, stage plays, screenplays, and essays, and the scion of a prominent political family. ... Finance addresses the ways in which individuals, business entities and other organizations allocate and use monetary resources over time. ... Malcolm McDowell (born 13 June 1943) is a British actor. ... Sir Arthur John Gielgud, OM, CH (14 April 1904 – 21 May 2000), known as Sir John Gielgud, was an English theatre and film actor. ... Peter Seamus OToole (born August 2, 1932, uncertain but presumed correct date[1]) is an eight-time Academy Award-nominated Irish actor. ... Malcolm McDowell (born 13 June 1943) is a British actor. ... Dame Helen Mirren, DBE (born July 26, 1945), is an English stage, television and film actress. ... A tagline is a variant of a branding slogan typically used in marketing materials and advertising. ...

Production

Gore Vidal developed a Caligula screenplay from Roberto Rossellini's unproduced television mini-series. Franco Rossellini (nephew of Roberto) and Vidal's original intent was to create a modestly budgeted historical drama. However, when the pair could not obtain financing, Vidal contacted media mogul and Penthouse founder and publisher Bob Guccione (Vidal had been a frequent contributor to Penthouse magazine). Guccione agreed to finance the project on two conditions: that the film would be transformed into a flamboyant, luxurious spectacle akin to Hollywood's sword and sandal epics of the 1950s and 1960s; and that sex would be added to the script in order to promote Guccione's magazine. Both Vidal and Rossellini agreed and the Caligula project was launched. Roberto Rossellini (May 8, 1906 - June 3, 1977), was an Italian film director. ... A miniseries, in a serial storytelling medium, is a production which tells a story in a limited number of episodes. ... A media proprietor is a person who controls, either through personal ownership or a dominant position in a public company, a significant part of the mass media. ... ... D. W. Griffith set out to depict the splendor of ancient Babylon in Intolerance. ...

Federico Fellini's art director Danilo Donati was hired to build the expensive and complex sets and costumes. Renowned acting talent, including Malcolm McDowell, Helen Mirren, Peter O'Toole and Sir John Gielgud were cast. Maria Schneider was originally cast as Caligula's doomed sister Drusilla, but later dropped out and was replaced by Teresa Ann Savoy. Tinto Brass, a relatively young Italian director, was selected by Guccione to direct the film. (Guccione was unable to come to an agreement with more established directors John Huston and Lina Wertmuller ^[3]) and was impressed by Brass' previous work, the 1976 controversial film Salon Kitty, which fused explicit sex with a big budget historical drama. Caligula production was housed in Dear Studios, Rome, where the infamous Cleopatra was filmed thirteen years earlier. Shooting commenced in September 1976, with plans for a 1977 release. Federico Fellini (January 20, 1920 – October 31, 1993) was one of the most influential and widely revered film-makers of the 20th century. ... The term art director, is an overall title for a variety of similar job functions in advertising, publishing, film and television, the Internet, and video games. ... Malcolm McDowell (born 13 June 1943) is a British actor. ... Dame Helen Mirren, DBE (born July 26, 1945), is an English stage, television and film actress. ... Peter Seamus OToole (born August 2, 1932, uncertain but presumed correct date[1]) is an eight-time Academy Award-nominated Irish actor. ... Sir Arthur John Gielgud, OM, CH (14 April 1904 – 21 May 2000), known as Sir John Gielgud, was an English theatre and film actor. ... Maria Schneider (born March 27, 1952 in Paris, France) is an actress who is most famous for playing Jeanne opposite Marlon Brando in the 1972 movie Last Tango in Paris. ... This article is about the sister of the Roman Emperor Caligula. ... Teresa Ann Savoy (b. ... Giovanni Brass (born March 26, 1933), better known as Tinto Brass, is one of the most well-known and controversial Italian filmmakers. ... John Marcellus Huston (August 5, 1906 – August 28, 1987) was an American film director and actor. ... Lina Wertmüller (born Arcangela Felice Assunta Wertmüller von Elgg Spanol von Braueich on August 14, 1928) is a famous Italian film director of aristocratic Swiss descent. ... A controversy is a contentious dispute, a disagreement over which parties are actively arguing. ... Salon Kitty was a Berlin brothel used by the SD for espionage purposes before and during World War II . ... For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... This article is about the 1963 film. ...

However, from the start Caligula was plagued by difficulties. According to Guccione in a 1980 Penthouse magazine interview, Vidal (whom Guccione called a "prodigious talent") ^[4] started trouble with a Time magazine interview in which he called directors parasites living off writers, and that the director need only follow the directions as provided by the author of the screenplay. According to Guccione, an enraged Brass responded to Vidal's comments by throwing Vidal out of the studio. Guccione was forced to side with Brass, (whom he called "a megalomaniac") because "Gore's work was basically done and Tinto's work was about to begin." ^[5] TIME redirects here. ... Megalomania currently refers to the following Wikipedia articles: Megalomania (mental illness), a pattern of character traits and behaviors. ...

Casting and logistical issues were also a problem. Uncomfortable with the sex and nudity in the script, the female lead Schneider quickly resigned from the film ^[6] as well as some extras during filming. It was also soon apparent to the filmmakers that the aggressive shooting schedule developed by the inexperienced Rossellini and Guccione was unrealistic for a film of such scope. Donati had to scrap some of his more elaborate original ideas for the sets and replace them with such surreal imagery as bizarre matte paintings, blacked-out areas, silk backdrops and curtains. This resulted in significant script changes, with Brass and the actors improvising scenes written to take place in entirely different locations, and sometimes shooting whole new scenes (such as the frolicking scene that opens the film) in order to show progress while the incomplete or redone sets were unavailable. The production was also plagued by delays due to disagreements between Brass and Donati over Brass not using Donati's completed sets, ^[7] as well as Brass and Guccione disagreeing over the sexual content of the film. Max Ernst. ... Matte or matt can be used to describe a non-glossy finish on a surface; it can also be used to denote the surface surrounding a framed picture, between the picture itself and the frame; usually made from coloured card. ...

Brass was similarly unhappy with Vidal's script. "It was the work of an aging arteriosclerotic. Vidal redid it five times, but it was still absurd." ^[8] With the help of McDowell, Brass rewrote some of the screenplay.

Malcolm McDowell as Caligula

By the time the principal photography on Caligula had completed, Vidal (having a previous issue with his involvement in the infamous Myra Breckinridge) was concerned about being associated with such an out-of-control production. Fearing the film would turn out incoherent, Vidal distanced himself from the project. Of Vidal, Brass concluded, "If I ever really get mad at Gore Vidal, I'll publish his script." ^[9] Image File history File links MalcolmMcDowell_Caligula. ... Image File history File links MalcolmMcDowell_Caligula. ... Myra Breckinridge was filmed in 1970 by Michael Sarne, with Raquel Welch in the title role. ...

As the film entered post-production, Guccione took control of the film footage, fired Brass for running up huge costs (Guccione claims Brass shot enough film to "make the original version of Ben-Hur about 50 times over") ^[10], casting actual criminals as Roman senators, ^[11] and using what Guccione considered "fat, ugly, and wrinkled old women" ^[12] in the sex scenes instead of his Penthouse Pets. Guccione hired friend Giancarlo Lui to re-edit the film. Lui was instructed to refashion the film into something more in keeping with what Vidal had first scripted, while delivering the sexual content demanded by Guccione. In their most controversial move, the pair also shot extra scenes of hardcore sexual material ^[13] which would be used to replace scenes shot by Brass. Post production is the general term for the last stage of film production in which photographed scenes (also called footage) are put together into a complete film. ... Ben-Hur is a 1959 epic film directed by William Wyler, and is the third version of Lew Wallaces novel, Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ (1880). ... List of Penthouse Pets Models who have appeared in Penthouse magazine // A Aimee Sweet Pet of the Month August 1998 Alex Arden Pet of the Month August 1998 - Pet of the Month July 2001 Alex Taylor Pet of the Month August 1994 Alexus Winston Pet of the Month November 1999...

With much footage improvised and rewritten from the original draft of the film, Lui further scrambled, re-cut, and deleted scenes altogether. Many of the disturbing sexual images shot by Brass were removed, replaced by approximately six minutes of hardcore sex shot by Guccione and Lui. In the end, the final cut of the film had strayed far afield from what Brass had intended. Ironically, perhaps, it bore little resemblance to what Vidal had scripted as well.

In the unpleasant aftermath, both Brass and Vidal launched independent tirades against the film and lawsuits against Guccione, delaying the release of Caligula. Vidal, who was paid $200,000 for his script, agreed to drop his contractual claim for 10% of the film profits in exchange for having his name removed from the title of the film (original billing was to have been Gore Vidal's Caligula). ^[14] In 1981, Anneka Di Lorenzo, (aka Marjorie Lee Thoresen) the 1975 Penthouse Pet of The Year centerfold model who played Messalina, also sued Guccione, claiming that he damaged her career by using hardcore sexual scenes in the final cut of Caligula without her knowledge, thereby associating her unfairly with a pornographic film. After a protracted litigation, in 1990 a New York state court awarded her $60,000 in compensatory damages and $4,000,000 in punitive damages. On appeal, the punitive damages were determined to be not recoverable and the court vacated the award. ^[15] List of Penthouse Pets Models who have appeared in Penthouse magazine // A Aimee Sweet Pet of the Month August 1998 Alex Arden Pet of the Month August 1998 - Pet of the Month July 2001 Alex Taylor Pet of the Month August 1994 Alexus Winston Pet of the Month November 1999...

In late 1979, three years after production began, Caligula made its debut.

Critical reaction

The film was panned by critics; Roger Ebert gave it zero stars, describing it as "sickening, utterly worthless, shameful trash." Perhaps the most scathing comment to ever appear in one of Ebert's reviews is attributed to a third party: "This movie", said the lady in front of me at the drinking fountain, "is the worst piece of shit I have ever seen." ^[16] Reviewer Leonard Maltin said the film was little more than "chutzpah and six minutes of not-bad hardcore footage." ^[17] Newsweek magazine called Caligula "a two-and-one-half-hour cavalcade of depravity that seems to have been photographed through a tub of Vaseline." ^[18] Roger Joseph Ebert (born June 18, 1942) is a Pulitzer Prize-winning American film critic. ... Leonard Maltin (born December 18, 1950 in New York City) is a widely known and respected American film critic. ... The Newsweek logo Newsweek is a weekly news magazine published in New York City and distributed throughout the United States and internationally. ...

Multiple versions

Caligula was shown in various versions, including:

• The unrated version, available in the U.S. and mainland Europe, running 156 minutes (NTSC) and 150 minutes (PAL), is the most widely seen cut of the film. It enjoyed a limited, albeit highly profitable, run in the American cinemas. This version contained significant explicit sexual and violent content, including sex orgies, masturbation, fellatio, cunnilingus, anal fisting, male and female homosexuality, cross-dressing and transvestism, sibling incest, rape, male and female urination as well as scenes of decapitation of prisoners using a lawn-mower-type device (which is unlikely to have actually existed), infanticide, implied fratricide, penile castration and testicle castration.

• The UK version, running 149 minutes. Aside from removing seven minutes of explicit footage, the editors included some replacement shots, derived from Brass' principal shoot, as well as some remainder footage from Guccione's re-shoots. It seems that the alternate footage was inserted carelessly, resulting in glaring continuity errors (especially obvious during the Rape of Prolucus & Livia and the Temple of Isis scenes.) This version is currently out-of-print.

• The rumored and infamous 210-minute unreleased version, shown in a private screening in Cannes, France (though not as part of the film festival). It might have been Russell Lloyd's (one of the original editors, before Giancarlo Lui took over the post-production) rough cut with a few reels of hardcore sex shot by Bob Guccione added in. No official copy of this version is believed to exist.

• Guccione eventually authorized an R-rated cut released in 1981, 105 minutes long, which earned the film a wider distribution. In this version the hardcore, bloody and violent footage was either trimmed or replaced with yet another set of alternate shots and angles.

• In 1984, Franco Rossellini, unhappy with Guccione's final edit of the film, re-edited an extended, pre-release print of Caligula, which may or may not have been the infamous 210 minute version. This new edition of the film, re-titled as Io, Caligola clocked in at 133 minutes and contained various minor scenes and shots not present in any other versions of the film, but the Italian censors had it cut down to only 86 minutes. However, after a public backlash, the film was restored to 123 minutes. The missing ten minutes are no doubt responsible for a few jump cuts that occur throughout the film. This version has been released on DVD, albeit available only in Italy.

• When Io, Caligola was released on video, the distributor put back in some of the hardcore material shot by Guccione (it was deleted by Franco Rossellini) in order to boost the sales. This is the version that is currently available on DVD.

• A second R-rated version was released in 1999. It was released straight to DVD and contained no alternate angles. Various shots simply repeated themselves (instead of using the different takes of scenes seen in the R-rated theatrical release), resulting in continuity problems. Otherwise, this version is based on the 1981 censored release. This DVD version ran a total of 102 minutes and was released with a red cover.

• In 1999, the FilmFour channel, frustrated by the lack of any extended version of the film available in the UK (only the low quality 1981 censored version was still in print), released their own cut of Caligula, running approximately 143 minutes (the missing 13 minutes can be mostly attributed to the PAL overspeeding and time compression.) It was essentially the same as the 156 minute version, with most of Guccione's explicit sexual material removed, including a lesbian tryst and a handful of sexual inserts during the imperial bordello sequence.

• A 150 minute Italian cut; it was basically a shortened version of the U.S. edition. It was eventually pulled out of release in favor of Franco Rossellini's re-edited version, but a briefly released VHS tape exists, though it is now out-of print. Raro Video announced that it would release a re-mastered edition of this cut on December 5, 2006, along with an interview by Tinto Brass, in which he would discuss for the first time where the editing of the film went wrong. This release never came to fruition as Raro Video's distributor backed out, and the company replaced it with a remastered print of Franco Rossellini's edit.

• The uncut Twentieth Anniversary Edition DVD was refused classification in November 2005 by Australia's OFLC; effectively banning the film in its uncensored form (although a 102-minute version was passed with an R-rating in 2004). The OFLC deemed the film too sexually explicit to fall within the R18+ classification (despite sexually explicit mainstream films such as 9 Songs receiving this rating). The film could not be accommodated in the X classification (for explicit sex) as it contains depictions of violence (although a 143-minute version of the film had, in fact, been granted an X rating for video release in 1984, when the X rating had only just been introduced and still permitted depictions of violence; the 156-minute version was also passed with an X rating in January 1985).^[19] Although the film's sexual content was permissible in the X category, the OFLC's classification guidelines unambiguously state "No depiction of violence, sexual violence, sexualised violence, or coercion is allowed in the category".^[20]

• In October, 2007 Image Entertainment released a 3-disc special edition known as the Imperial Edition. It features two cuts of the film, the 156-minute print and an alternate pre-release version which does not include the explicit sexual inserts added by Guccione. Both versions have been digitally remastered. Commentary tracks featuring McDowell and Mirren are included on the non-hardcore, pre-release version, and the DVD includes interviews with Tinto Brass, who discusses film's hectic production & botched editing; and Penthouse Pet Lori Wagner, who discusses the addition of the hardcore footage, including the lesbian sex scene in which she participated. DVD-ROM content includes Gore Vidal's original screenplay. Other extras include more than two hours of deleted and alternate footage. The DVD set was to carry a fourth disc with the film's complete musical soundtrack, but Penthouse later pulled the soundtrack, along with any mention of the music (and the people behind it) in the behind the scenes featurettes. The 156-minute and 102-minute versions will also be released separately in new collectible packaging. ^[21] The booklet included with the 3-disc set includes a discussion of the many different versions of the film, and states that a significant amount of footage remains unaccounted for; the notes include a plea to viewers to contact Image if they are in possession of any footage not included in the DVD set.

For other uses, see United States (disambiguation) and US (disambiguation). ... This article is about ancient Greek gathering. ... Woman masturbating, 1913 drawing by Gustav Klimt. ... Fellatio is oral sex performed upon the male human penis. ... Watercolour painting depicting cunnilingus by Achille Devéria Cunnilingus is the act of performing oral sex, using the mouth, lips, and tongue to stimulate the female genitals. ... Fisting or fist fucking (FF) is a sexual activity that involves inserting the hand and forearm into the vagina or anus. ... Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction and / or romantic attraction between individuals of the same sex. ... This articles is about cross-dressing in general, that is the act of wearing the clothing of another gender for any reason. ... A male dressed as a female. ... Incest is defined as sexual relations between closely related persons (often within the immediate family) such that it is either illegal or socially taboo. ... Manneken Pis of Brussels. ... Decapitation (from Latin, caput, capitis, meaning head), or beheading, is the removal of a living organisms head. ... In sociology and biology, infanticide is the practice of intentionally causing the death of an infant of a given species, by members of the same species - often by the mother. ... Fratricide (from the Latin word frater, meaning: brother and cide meaning to kill) is the act of a person killing his or her brother. ... Castration (also referred as: gelding, neutering, orchiectomy, orchidectomy, and oophorectomy) is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which a male loses the functions of the testes or a female loses the functions of the ovaries. ... Look up testes in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Castration (also referred as: gelding, neutering, orchiectomy, orchidectomy, and oophorectomy) is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which a male loses the functions of the testes or a female loses the functions of the ovaries. ... For the annual festival, see Cannes Film Festival. ... The Cannes Film Festival (French: le Festival de Cannes), founded in 1939, is one of the worlds oldest, most influential and prestigious film festivals. ... The MPAA film rating system is a system used in the United States and territories and instituted by the Motion Picture Association of America to rate a movie based on its content. ... In film editing, a jump cut is a cut between two similar scenes, so that the objects in them appear to jump from one position to another. ... DVD (also known as Digital Versatile Disc or Digital Video Disc - see Etymology) is a popular optical disc storage media format. ... Transversal t cuts two parallel lines, a and b. ... Film4 is a free British digital television channel, owned and operated by Channel 4, which screens high-quality films. ... Channel, in communications (sometimes called communications channel), refers to the medium used to convey information from a sender (or transmitter) to a receiver. ... In ancient Rome, censorship was the office or function of a censor. ... Telecine (IPA pronunciation: . Phonetic: tel-e-Sin-ee; tel-e-Sin-a as cine is the same root as in cinema; also tele-seen.) is the process of transferring motion picture film into electronic form, or the machine used in this process. ... Prostitution is the sale of sexual services (typically manual stimulation, oral sex, sexual intercourse, or anal sex) for cash or other kind of return, generally indiscriminately with many persons. ... is the 339th day of the year (340th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Office of Film and Literature Classification is a statutory censorship and classification body which provides day to day administrative support for the Classification Board which classified films, video games and publications in Australia, and the Classification Review Board which reviews films, computer games and publications when a valid application... 9 Songs is a 2004 British film, directed by Michael Winterbottom. ... Image Entertainment is a major independent home entertainment distribution company. ... Giovanni Brass (born March 26, 1933), better known as Tinto Brass, is one of the most well-known and controversial Italian filmmakers. ...

Cultural references

• In 2004, a fake trailer for Gore Vidal's Caligula was produced by artist Francesco Vezzoli for an alleged remake as a promotion for Versace's new line of accessories. It was a parody, "ostensibly [promoting] a film about a mad Roman emperor who sleeps with his sister, executes his critics and presides over a crowd of ambisexual extras dressed only in the occasional accessory." The trailer features Courtney Love as Caligula, Benicio del Toro as Macro, as well as Helen Mirren (making a guest cameo) as Tiberius. Milla Jovovich and Gerard Butler also appear as Drusilla and Chaerea respectively. ^[22] The trailer screened worldwide, including a showing at New York City's Whitney Museum of American Art's 2006 Whitney Biennial. ^[23]

• Swedish melodic death metal band Arch Enemy used dialogue from the movie in their song Rise of the Tyrant from the same-named 2007 album:
  Caligula: I have existed from the morning of the world and I shall exist until the last star falls from the night.
  Although I have taken the form of Gaius Caligula, I am all men as I am no man and therefore I am a God.
  I shall wait for the unanimous decision of the Senate, Claudius...
  Claudius: All those who say aye, say aye.
  Caligula: Aye... Aye!
  Senators: Aye! Aye! Aye!..
  Chaerea: He's a god now... ^[24]

• Matthew Sweet used the same Caligula dialog on his album Altered Beast in 1993.^[25]

• The character of Caligula is featured in an episode of Adult Swim's popular show The Venture Bros.^[26]

• Teenage Caligula is a song on Justin Warfield's 1993 debut album, My Fieldtrip to Planet 9.

Courtney Love[1] (born Courtney Michelle Harrison on July 9, 1964) is an American rock musician. ... Benicio Monserrat Rafael Del Toro Sanchez (born February 19, 1967, in San Germán, Puerto Rico) is an Academy Award winning Puerto Rican actor. ... Dame Helen Mirren, DBE (born July 26, 1945), is an English stage, television and film actress. ... Milla Jovovich (Serbian: Милица Јововић/Milica Jovović, Ukrainian: Мілла Йовович/Mіlla Jovovič; born Milica Nataša Jovović on December 17, 1975) is an American supermodel, actress, musician, singer, and fashion designer. ... Gerard James Butler (born November 13, 1969) is a Scottish actor perhaps best known for his portrayal of King Leonidas in 300 and The Phantom in the 2004 film version of The Phantom of the Opera. ... Night view of Whitney Museum of American Art The Whitney Museum of American Art is an art gallery and museum in New York City founded in 1931 by Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney. ... Melodic death metal, (also referred to as Gothenburg metal, melodeath, and post-death) is a subgenre of death metal. ... Arch Enemy is a Swedish melodic death metal band, formed in 1996 by ex-Carcass guitarist Michael Amott. ... Rise of the Tyrant is the seventh album by melodic death metal band Arch Enemy, produced by Fredrik Nordström, and is tentatively slated for release on September 24th, 2007. ... Sidney Matthew Sweet (born c. ... This article is about the Roman emperor. ... Adult Swim is the name for an adult-oriented television programming network. ... The Venture Bros. ... The subject of this article may not satisfy the notability guideline for Music. ...

Cast

• Malcolm McDowell -- Caligula
• Teresa Ann Savoy -- Drusilla
• Helen Mirren -- Caesonia
• Peter O'Toole -- Tiberius
• John Steiner -- Longinus
• Paolo Bonacelli -- Cassius Chaerea
• Mirella D'Angelo -- Livia
• Anneka di Lorenzo -- Messalina
• Lori Wagner -- Agrippina
• John Gielgud -- Nerva (son of Marcus Cocceius Nerva (consul 36 BC))

Malcolm McDowell (born 13 June 1943) is a British actor. ... This article is about the Roman emperor. ... Teresa Ann Savoy (b. ... This article is about the sister of the Roman Emperor Caligula. ... Dame Helen Mirren, DBE (born July 26, 1945), is an English stage, television and film actress. ... Milonia Caesonia (PIR2 M 590) (6-41) was a Roman Empress. ... Peter Seamus OToole (born August 2, 1932, uncertain but presumed correct date[1]) is an eight-time Academy Award-nominated Irish actor. ... For other persons named Tiberius, see Tiberius (disambiguation). ... John Steiner is a British actor, born on 7 January, 1941 in Chester, United Kingdom. ... Longinus, a Greek literary critic who may have lived in the 1st century, wrote a treatise On the Sublime. ... Paolo Bonacelli - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Cassius Chaerea (fl. ... Livia Drusilla, after 14 AD called Livia Augusta (Classical Latin: LIVIA•DRVSILLA, later LIVIA•AVGVSTA[1]) (58 BC-AD 29) was the wife of Caesar Augustus (also known as Octavian) and the most powerful woman in the early Roman Empire, acting several times as regent and being Augustus faithful advisor. ... Valeria Messalina (PIR1 V 161) , sometimes spelled Messallina ( 20-48) was a Roman Empress and third wife to Roman Emperor Claudius. ... Julia Agrippina; known as Agrippina Minor (Latin for the ‘younger’, Classical Latin: IVLIA•AGRIPPINA; from the year 50, called IVLIA•AVGVSTA•AGRIPPINA[1], Greek: η Ιουλία Αγριππίνη, November 6, 15 - between 19 March-23 March 59), was a Roman Empress. ... Sir Arthur John Gielgud, OM, CH (14 April 1904 – 21 May 2000), known as Sir John Gielgud, was an English theatre and film actor. ... Marcus Cocceius Nerva was consul of the Roman Republic in 36 BC, together with Lucius Gellius Publicola. ...

See also

• Caligula
• Tiberius Gemellus
• List of films recut by studio
• Sex in film
• List of mainstream films with unsimulated sex
• Cleopatra
• Myra Breckinridge

This article is about the Roman emperor. ... Tiberius Gemellus, son of Drusus the Younger and Livilla Tiberius Julius Caesar Nero , known as Tiberius Gemellus, (10 October AD 19–AD 37 or 38) was the son of Drusus and Livilla, the grandson of Tiberius, and the cousin of Gaius Caligula. ... According to the Auteur Theory, the prevalent framework of modern film criticism, a film director is most responsible for the creative aspects of a film. ... The use of sex in film has been controversial since the earliest use of cinematography and the first portrayals of love scenes and nude scenes. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This article is about the 1963 film. ... Myra Breckinridge was filmed in 1970 by Michael Sarne, with Raquel Welch in the title role. ...

References

External links

• Caligula at the Internet Movie Database

The Internet Movie Database (IMDb) is an online database of information about movies, actors, television shows, production crew personnel, and video games. ...