The province was founded in 1579 (?) and was split into two, Camarines Norte and Sur in 1829. They were reunited under Ambos Camarines in 1854, but split again after three years. In 1893, they were reunited until March 10, 1917, when Philippine Republic Act 2711 formed most of the present-day provinces, including Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur.
Being in the Bicol Region, the main language spoken in Camarines Sur is Bikol.
Filipino linguists consider the dialect of Bikol spoken around Naga City, Bicol Central (also known as Bikol Naga, not to be confused with Bikol Canaman, the purest dialect of Bikol according to Jesuit Anthropologist Frank Lynch, S.J.).
Camarines Sur has an average temperature of 27.0 °C and a relative humidity of 25.8%.