Steamship Lines Inc.

Canada Steamship Lines (CSL) is a Canadian shipping company with headquarters in Montreal, Quebec. ImageMetadata File history File links Steamline. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Steamline. ... Shipping is the transport of cargo between seaports by ships, typically large steel vessels powered by diesel engines or steam turbine plants. ... This article needs cleanup. ...

Beginnings

CSL had humble beginnings in Canada East in 1845, operating river boats on the St. Lawrence River in general commerce. Subsequent growth over the years was tied to expansion of the canal system on the upper St. Lawrence River (the precursor to the St. Lawrence Seaway), and to a new Welland Canal connecting to the upper Great Lakes. By 1924, CSL purchased its first self-unloader bulk carrier, the Collier, and also owned a shipyard in Collingwood, Ontario where CSL and competitor lakers were being built. CSL also came into ownership of one of Canada's largest shipyards, Davie Shipbuilding, in Lauzon, Quebec. Canada East (French: Canada-Est) was the eastern portion of the Province of Canada. ... 1845 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Saint Lawrence River (French fleuve Saint-Laurent) is a large west-to-east flowing river in the middle latitudes of North America, connecting the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean. ... The Saint Lawrence Seaway in its broadest sense (see Great Lakes Waterway) is the system of canals that permits ocean-going vessels to travel from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes as far as Lake Superior. ... Lock 3 of the Welland Canal, with the Garden City Skyway bridge in background. ... The Great Lakes from space The Great Lakes are a group of five large lakes on or near the United States-Canadian border. ... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Bulk carrier Berge Athene, a 225,000 DWT vessel. ... The town of Collingwood, population (2000) estimated at 21,500, is located on the southern point of Georgian Bay known as Nottawasaga Bay. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Laker. ... Lauzon is a former city in southern Quebec, Canada, located on the St. ...

Growth on the Great Lakes

CSL's growth through the industrial booms of both world wars was largely tied to the increasing importance of the steel industry in Ontario, where mills were built, or soon to be built, in Sault Ste. Marie, Hamilton, and Nanticoke. CSL also tapped into the last of the remaining coal traffic from Pennsylvania across the Great Lakes to railways in Canada. Following railway dieselization, subsequent coal traffic would be moved by CSL to large fossil-fuel burning electrical power plants. The old steel cable of a colliery winding tower Steel is a metal alloy whose major component is iron, with carbon being the primary alloying material. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Official languages English, French (in some areas) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Lieutenant-Governor James K. Bartleman Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 106 24 Area Total  â€¢ Land  â€¢ Water    (% of total)  Ranked 4th... Template:Hide = Motto: Template:Unhide = Naturally Gifted City of Sault Ste. ... Motto: Together Aspire - Together Achieve Area: 1,117. ... Coal is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground by underground mining or open-pit mining (strip mining). ... A power station (also power plant) is a facility for the generation of electric power. ...

In 1951, Sir James Dunn, the owner of Algoma Steel, gained effective control over the company. Following his passing in 1956, Dunn's estate would eventually sell off the CSL shares and in 1963 Paul Desmarais would acquire a major position until taking effective control a few years later. Sir James Hamet Dunn, born October 29, 1874 - died January 1, 1956, was an major Canadian financier and industrialist during the first half of the 20th Century. ... Algoma Steel Corporation was founded in 1902 by Francis Clergue, an American entrepreneur who had settled in Sault Ste. ... Paul Desmarais, Sr. ...

CSL saw operations increase exponentially in the late 1950's with the opening of the expanded St. Lawrence Seaway and the timely discovery and exploitation of some of the world's largest iron ore deposits on the Labrador Peninsula in Labrador City, Schefferville, and Mont Wright. Ore was moved to Sept-Îles and Port Cartier by the Quebec, North Shore and Labrador Railway and Cartier Railway respectively, where it was then loaded into bulk carriers for transfer to Canadian and U.S. steel mills on the Great Lakes. CSL exploited this traffic by continually refining its self-unloading bulk carrier designs, coupled with improvements in stevedoring at various ports to arrive at a minimal number of human operators required. The Saint Lawrence Seaway in its broadest sense (see Great Lakes Waterway) is the system of canals that permits ocean-going vessels to travel from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes as far as Lake Superior. ... This heap of iron ore pellets will be used in steel production. ... Labrador Peninsula, Canada Labrador Peninsula is a large peninsula in eastern Canada. ... Orthographic projection over Labrador City Labrador City, Newfoundland and Labrador Labrador City is a small town in western Labrador (part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador), near the Quebec border. ... Schefferville is a town in the Canadian province of Quebec. ... Name of a mountain near Fermont in Quebec and site of major iron ore mining operations since the 1970s by such companies as Québec Cartier and Iron Ore Company of Canada. ... Sept-ÃŽles (French for Seven Islands)is a city in the Côte-Nord region of eastern Quebec, Canada. ... The Quebec North Shore and Labrador Railway is a Canadian regional railway that stretches 357 miles (575 kilometres) through the wilderness of northeastern Quebec and western Labrador. ... The Cartier Railway is a railway that operates 416 kilometres of track in the Canadian province of Québec. ... Stevedores on a New York dock loading barrels of corn syrup onto a barge on the Hudson River. ...

Power Corporation

In 1963, a non-controlling share of CSL was purchased by Montreal-headquartered Power Corporation, a Quebec industrial conglomerate with interests in electricity generation, pulp and paper, and oil and gas. CSL continued operating and expanding its great lakes shipping line and the Collingwood and Lauzon shipyards through the 1960s, and witnessed several labour disputes. 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Power Corporation is a major Canadian company with interests in a number of industries, such as media, pulp and paper, and finance. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ...

Paul Martin joins the board

In 1969, Power Corporation took a controlling-share in CSL. On December 2, 1970, Paul Martin, the 32-year old executive assistant to Power Corporation Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Maurice Strong, was appointed to the CSL board of directors. In 1971 CSL minority shareholders sold outstanding shares to Power Corporation, making CSL a Power Corporation subsidiary. 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday For other uses, see Number 1969. ... December 2 is the 336th day (337th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1970 (MCMLXX in Roman) was a common year starting on Thursday. ... Paul Martin (born August 28, 1938, in Windsor, Ontario) was the 21st Prime Minister of Canada and is the outgoing leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. ... A chief executive officer (CEO) or chief executive is the highest-ranking corporate officer or executive officer of a corporation, company, or agency. ... Maurice F. Strong, CC , OM (born April 29, 1929, in Oak Lake, Manitoba) is an industrialist and public servant who was the Secretary-General of the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), better known as the Earth Summit. ... 1971 (MCMLXXI) is a common year starting on Friday (click for link to calendar). ...

At this time, CSL was given elevated status, where in the words of Power Corporation "...in order to increase its [Power Corporation's] own cash flow and take advantage of new federal tax regulations benefiting operating companies over holding companies, CSL took over most of Power’s investment portfolio at book value."

Paul Martin becomes president

CSL suffered losses in 1972 when forced to cover unexpected cost overruns in the construction of three 80,000-ton ocean-going tankers at Davie Shipbuilding. On November 22, 1973 Paul Martin was appointed President and CEO of the CSL Group. In 1974, CSL earnings were further hurt by an eight-week strike on the Great Lakes. 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year that started on a Tuesday. ... A tanker is a ship designed to transport liquids in bulk. ... November 22 is the 326th day (327th on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... Paul Martin (born August 28, 1938, in Windsor, Ontario) was the 21st Prime Minister of Canada and is the outgoing leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV in Roman) is a common year starting on Tuesday (click on link for calendar). ...

In 1976, Power Corporation reversed itself and took over the investment portfolio which had been sold to CSL five years earlier. CSL reverted to an operating division of Power Corporation at this time. On June 7, 1981, CSL President and CEO Paul Martin announced plans to expand outside of the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River: "The Great Lakes are essentially a Canadian pond... Canadians have captured 95 percent of the business. Now we want our chance to try our wings on the oceans." 1976 (MCMLXXVI) is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... June 7 is the 158th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (159th in leap years), with 207 days remaining. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Paul Martin (born August 28, 1938, in Windsor, Ontario) was the 21st Prime Minister of Canada and is the outgoing leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. ...

Paul Martin buys CSL Group Inc.

One month later, in July, 1981 Power Corporation announced it was selling its subsidiary CSL Group for $195 million (CAD). CSL Group at this time included the shipping company, shipyards, engineering firms, and a bus service (Voyageur, previously known as Provincial Transport). The following month in August, 1981, Paul Martin and his friend Lawrence Pathy secured financing and announced their intention to purchase CSL Group Incorporated for the price advertised by Power Corporation. Look up July in Wiktionary, the free dictionary July is the seventh month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Power Corporation is a major Canadian company with interests in a number of industries, such as media, pulp and paper, and finance. ... Voyageur Colonial Bus Lines (Voyageur) was an intercity bus company founded in 1928 that serves Eastern Quebec and Western Ontario, primarily the cities of Montreal, Ottawa and Kingston. ... August is the eighth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Paul Martin (born August 28, 1938, in Windsor, Ontario) was the 21st Prime Minister of Canada and is the outgoing leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. ... Power Corporation is a major Canadian company with interests in a number of industries, such as media, pulp and paper, and finance. ...

On August 9, 1983 citing federal government interference in the shipping industry, Martin stated: "then... they are going to come in with some grand and glorious package that will give the government control of the industry because they don't understand private enterprise." August 9 is the 221st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (222nd in leap years), with 144 days remaining. ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

By the mid-1980s, CSL's only remaining shipyard (Collingwood) was undergoing financial difficulties and was closed on September 12, 1986 with the loss of 800 jobs. At the same time, CSL Group Inc.'s expansion outside of Canada was well underway. In November, 1988 President and CEO Paul Martin was elected as a Member of Parliament and stepped aside from directing the day-to-day operations of the company. The 1980s decade refers to the years from 1980 to 1989, inclusive. ... September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI in Roman) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Look up November in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII in Roman) was a leap year starting on a Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Paul Martin (born August 28, 1938, in Windsor, Ontario) was the 21st Prime Minister of Canada and is the outgoing leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to a parliament; in the Westminster system, specifically to the lower house. ...

In March 1991, following changes to Canada's taxation laws regarding international earnings, CSL backed away from threats to move its headquarters outside of Canada, however in December the president who replaced Martin resigned in opposition to plans to move international operations outside the country. Look up March in Wiktionary, the free dictionary March is the third month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1991 (MCMXCI in Roman) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Look up December in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Replacement management in April, 1992 formed a new CSL Group Inc. subsidiary headquartered in Massachusetts to be called CSL International Inc. Canada Steamship Lines Inc. would remain as the Canadian operation under CSL Group Inc., and the conglomerate would remain headquartered in Montreal. Template:AprillCalendar Look up Aprill in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1992 (MCMXCII in Roman) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... Official language(s) English Capital Boston Largest city Boston Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 44th 10,555 mi²; 27,360 km² 183 mi; 295 km 113 mi; 182 km 13. ...

In November, 1993 the newly re-elected Paul Martin was appointed to the cabinet and named Minister of Finance. On February 1, 1994 Martin placed his shares in CSL Group Inc. under a "Supervisory Agreement" to be managed by lawyers and financial advisors, although he would be allowed to intervene in company decision-making should events warrant. Look up November in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII in Roman) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... Paul Martin (born August 28, 1938, in Windsor, Ontario) was the 21st Prime Minister of Canada and is the outgoing leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. ... February 1 is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV in Roman) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ...

In June, 2002 Martin quit the cabinet as Minister of Finance to pursue a bid for leadership of the Liberal Party of Canada. On March 11, 2003 Martin bowed to public and media pressure on his interest in CSL Group Inc. and announced that he would sell his interests in the company to his three sons, saying that his ownership would "provide an unnecessary distraction during the leadership race." Look up June in Wiktionary, the free dictionary June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with a length of 30 days The month is named after the Roman goddess Juno, wife of Jupiter and equivalent to the Greek goddess Hera. ... 2002 (MMII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Liberal Party of Canada (French: Parti libéral du Canada), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party positioned around the centre of the political spectrum, combining a generally progressive social policy with moderate economics. ... 11 March is the 70th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (71st in Leap year). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

On December 12, 2003 Martin becomes the 21st Prime Minister of Canada. On January 28, 2004 the federal government, in response to opposition party and media enquiries, revealed that CSL Group Inc. had received $162 million in federal government contracts, grants and loans since Paul Martin became Minister of Finance in 1993. Earlier figures released in 2003 had suggested CSL Group Inc. had only earned $137,000 during this time period. December 12 is the 346th day (347th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 19 days remaining. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Stephen Harper is the current Prime Minister of Canada. ... January 28 is the 28th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Paul Martin (born August 28, 1938, in Windsor, Ontario) was the 21st Prime Minister of Canada and is the outgoing leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII in Roman) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Flag of convenience controversy

Throughout the 1990s, CSL Group Inc. oversaw the reflagging of several former Canadian-registered vessels which were placed under the shipping registries of nations commonly referred to as flags of convenience, where safety and labour laws were relaxed to be more business-friendly. The 1990s decade refers to the years from 1990 to 1999, inclusive, the last decade of the 20th Century. ... A flag of convenience is a flag of one country, flown by a ship owned by a citizen of another country. ...

CSL Today

CSL Group Incorporated operates Canadian (Canada Steamship Lines) and international (CSL International) subsidiaries, comprising the world's largest fleet of dry-bulk self-unloading vessels.

CSL fleet

Atlantic Erie, Atlantic Huron, CSL Laurentian, CSL Niagara, CSL Tadoussac, Frontenac, Halifax, Jean Parisien, Nanticoke, Rt. Hon. Paul J. Martin (named after Paul Martin Sr.), Sarah Spencer, Atlantic Superior, Ferbec, Cedarglen, Pineglen, Spruceglen, Birchglen The Right Honourable Paul Joseph James Martin, PC , CC , MA , LL.D. , QC often referred to inaccurately as Paul Martin, Sr. ...

CSL International fleet

Alice Oldendorff, Ambassador, Andhika Puspita*, Bahama Spirit, Balder, Ballangen, Barkald, Bauta, Bernhard Oldendorff, Christoffer Oldendorff, CSL Asia*, CSL Atlas, CSL Cabo, CSL Pacific*, CSL Spirit, CSL Trailblazer, Eastern Power, Iron Chieftain*, Jawa Power*, Nelvana, Pioneer, Sheila Ann (named after Paul Martin's wife), Sophie Oldendorff, Stadacona*, Weser Stahl* Paul Martin (born August 28, 1938, in Windsor, Ontario) was the 21st Prime Minister of Canada and is the outgoing leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. ...

Asterisk (*) denotes vessels owned by CSL Group Inc. All other vessels are "pooled" with pool partners Egon Oldendorff, Marbulk Shipping Inc. and the Torvald Klaveness Group, of which CSL Group Inc. owns partial or controlling shares.

External links

• Canada Steamship Lines (CSL) web site
• Power Corporation - corporate history
• CSL and fiscal evasion House of Commons debate - Hansard
• Paul Martin, CSL, and fiscal evasion (in French)
• flyourflag.ca - A chronology of Paul Martin and CSL
• "Anchors Away" - a CBC News investigative report on CSL and flag of convenience shipping registries