A Canadian postal code is a string of six characters that forms part of a postal address in Canada. Like British and Dutch postcodes, Canada's postal codes are alphanumeric. Most other postal code systems use only numbers, including the U.S. ZIP code system. Canadian postal codes are in the format ANA NAN, where A is a letter and N is a digit, with a space separating the third and fourth characters. An example is K1A 0B1, which is for Canada Post's Ottawa headquarters. According to Statistics Canada, about 850,000 postal codes exist in Canada.^[1] A British pillar box. ... An address is a code and abstract concept expressing the fixed location of a home, business or other building on the earths surface. ... Postal codes are generally clearly visible outside local Australian post offices. ... Generally speaking, the term alphanumeric refers to anything that consists of only letters and numbers. ... Mr. ... Canada Post logo Canada Post (French: Postes Canada) is a Canadian postal service operated as an independent crown corporation. ... Motto: Advance Ottawa/Ottawa en avant Location of the City of Ottawa in the Province of Ontario Coordinates: Country Canada Province Ontario Established 1850 as Town of Bytown Incorporated 1855 as City of Ottawa Amalgamated January 1, 2001 Government  - Mayor Larry OBrien  - City Council Ottawa City Council  - Representatives 8... Statistics Canada is the Canadian federal government bureau commissioned with producing statistics to help better understand Canada, its population, resources, economy, society, and culture. ...

Canada Post provides a free postal code look-up tool on its website^[2], and sells hard-copy directories and CD-ROMs. Many vendors also sell validation tools, which allow customers to properly match addresses and postal codes. The CD-ROM (an abbreviation for Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (ROM)) is a non-volatile optical data storage medium using the same physical format as audio compact discs, readable by a computer with a CD-ROM drive. ...

History

City postal zones

Numbered postal zones were used in certain Canadian cities by the 1940s. Mail to a Toronto address in zone 5 would be addressed in this format:

Firstname Lastname

9999 Streetname Avenue

Toronto 5, Ontario

As of 1943, the City of Toronto was divided into 14 zones, numbered from 1 to 15, except that 7 and 11 were unused, and there was a 2B zone.^[3]

In the late 1960s, the Post Office began implementing a 3-digit zone number scheme in major cities to replace existing 1- and 2-digit zone numbers.^[4] For example, zones numbered from 100 to 799 were assigned throughout Metropolitan Toronto, with a goal of sorting mail addresses into smaller districts. Toronto's renumbering took effect 1 May 1969, accompanied by an advertising campaign under the slogan "Your number is up".^[5] The system was introduced during 1968 in Calgary, Edmonton, Hamilton, Ontario, Montreal, and Windsor. Besides Toronto, the system was to have expanded in 1969 to London, Ottawa, Quebec City, and Vancouver.^[5] May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... For the Stargate SG-1 episode, see 1969 (Stargate SG-1). ... Calgary is the largest city in the province of Alberta, Canada. ... Edmonton is the capital of Alberta, a Canadian province. ... Nickname: Ambitious City, Steeltown, The Hammer Motto: Together Aspire - Together Achieve Location in the province of Ontario, Canada Coordinates: Country  Province Canada  Ontario Incorporated June 9, 1846 [1] Mayor Fred Eisenberger City Council Hamilton City Council Representatives MPs and MPPs Area    - City 1,138. ... Nickname: City of Mary Motto: Concordia Salus Coordinates: Country Canada Province Québec Founded 1642 Established 1832  - Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area [1] [2]    - City 185. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Nickname: The Forest City Location of London in relation to Middlesex County and the Province of Ontario Coordinates: Country Canada Province Ontario County Middlesex County Settled 1826 as a village Incorporated 1855 as a city Government  - City Mayor Anne Marie DeCicco-Best  - Governing Body London City Council  - MPs Sue Barnes... Motto: Advance Ottawa/Ottawa en avant Location of the City of Ottawa in the Province of Ontario Coordinates: Country Canada Province Ontario Established 1850 as Town of Bytown Incorporated 1855 as City of Ottawa Amalgamated January 1, 2001 Government  - Mayor Larry OBrien  - City Council Ottawa City Council  - Representatives 8... Motto : « Don de Dieu feray valoir Â» (I shall put Gods gift to good use) Site in the province of Quebec Official logo Country  Canada Province Québec Agglomeration Quebec City Statute of the city Capitale-Nationale Administrative Region Capitale-Nationale Constitution date 1833 Geographical code 24 23027 Founder Foundation... Vancouver (pronounced: ) is a city in south-western British Columbia, Canada. ...

With impending plans for a national postal code system, Postmaster General Eric Kierans announced that the Post Office would begin cancelling the new 3-digit city zone system. Companies changed their mail addressing at their own expense only to find the new zoning would prove to be short-lived.^[6] Eric William Kierans (February 2, 1914 - May 9, 2004) was a Canadian economist and politician. ...

Planning

As the largest Canadian cities were growing in the 1950s and 1960s, the volumes of mail passing through the country's postal system also grew, reaching billions by the 1950s, and tens of billions by the mid 1960s. Consequently, it was getting progressively more challenging for employees who hand-sorted mail to memorize and keep track of all the individual letter carrier routes within each city. New technology that allowed mail to be delivered at a faster speed also contributed to the pressure for these employees to properly sort the mail. Canada was one of the last western countries to get a nationwide postal code system.^[7] A report tabled in the House of Commons in 1969 dealt with the expected impact of "environmental change" on the Post Office operations over the following 25 years. A key recommendation was the "establishment of a task force to determine the nature of the automation and mechanization the Post Office should adopt, which might include design of a postal code".^[8][9] For the Stargate SG-1 episode, see 1969 (Stargate SG-1). ...

Implementation

In February 1970, Communications Minister Eric Kierans announced that a six-character postal code would be introduced, beginning with a test in the City of Ottawa on April 1, 1971.^[10] Coding of Ottawa was followed by a provincial-level rollout of the system in Manitoba, and the system was gradually implemented in the rest of the country from 1972 to 1974.^[9] The rollout was marked by a large advertising campaign, costing some C$545,000.^[11] Eric William Kierans (February 2, 1914 - May 9, 2004) was a Canadian economist and politician. ... Motto: Advance Ottawa/Ottawa en avant Location of the City of Ottawa in the Province of Ontario Coordinates: Country Canada Province Ontario Established 1850 as Town of Bytown Incorporated 1855 as City of Ottawa Amalgamated January 1, 2001 Government  - Mayor Larry OBrien  - City Council Ottawa City Council  - Representatives 8... April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining. ... 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday. ... Motto: Gloriosus et Liber (Latin: Glorious and free) Official languages English and French, per mandate of the Constitution Act 1982 Capital Winnipeg Largest city Winnipeg Lieutenant-Governor John Harvard Premier Gary Doer (NDP) Parliamentary representation  - House seats  - Senate seats 14 6 Area Total  - Land  - Water  (% of total)  Ranked 8th 647... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... ISO 4217 Code CAD User(s) Canada Inflation 2. ...

The introduction of such a code system allowed Canada Post to easily speed up, as well as simplify, the flow of mail in the country. However, when the automated sorting system was initially conceived, the Canadian Union of Postal Workers and other relevant unions objected to it, mainly because the wages of those who ran the new automated machines were much lower than those who had hand-sorted mail. The unions ended up staging job action and public information campaigns, with the message that they did not want people and business to use postal codes on their mail. March 20, 1974 was declared "boycott the postal code day" and the union promised that letters without postal codes would be given preferential service.^[12] Eventually the unions started being compensated once the automated system was put into use and eventually generating significant revenue for Canada Post. The boycott was called off in February 1976.^[13] The Canadian Union of Postal Workers or CUPW (pronounced Cup W) is a public sector trade union representing postal workers employed at Canada Post. ... March 20 is the 79th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (80th in leap years). ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ...

One 1975 Toronto ad generated controversy by showing a man writing a postal code on the bottom of a thonged woman with the ditty We're not 'stringing' you along/Use postal codes—you'll 'thing our 'thong'/Don't be cheeky—you've all got 'em/Please include them on the bottom. The ad ran only once before being accused of sexism by NDP MP John Rodriguez. Postmaster General Bryce Mackasey later apologized for it.^[14] 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... Look up thong in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The New Democratic Party (NDP; Nouveau Parti démocratique in French) is a political party in Canada with a progressive social democratic philosophy that contests elections at both the federal and provincial levels. ... This article is about a politician. ... The Postmaster General of Canada was the Canadian cabinet minister responsible for Canada Post. ... The Honourable Bryce Stuart Mackasey (August 25, 1921 – September 5, 1999) was a Canadian Member of Parliament and Cabinet minister. ...

Today, mail without a postal code is very uncommon, though it will usually still reach its intended destination.

Components of a postal code

Forward sortation areas

A forward sortation area (FSA) is a geographical region where all postal codes start with the same three characters. The first letter of an FSA code denotes a particular "postal district", which, outside of Quebec and Ontario, corresponds to an entire province or territory. Owing to Quebec's and Ontario's large populations, those two provinces have three and five postal districts respectively, and each has at least one city so large that it has a dedicated postal district. On the other hand, the populations in Nunavut and the Northwest Territories are small enough for those two territories to share a postal district. The digit specifies if the FSA is urban or rural. A zero indicates a wide-area rural region, while all other digits indicate urban areas. The second letter represents a specific rural region, entire medium-sized city, or section of a major metropolitan area. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Official languages English (de facto) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Lieutenant-Governor James K. Bartleman Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Parliamentary representation  - House seats  - Senate seats 106 24 Area Total  - Land  - Water  (% of total)  Ranked 4th 1,076... Motto: Nunavut Sannginivut (Inuktitut: Nunavut our strength or Our land our strength) Capital Iqaluit Largest city Iqaluit Official languages Inuktitut, Inuinnaqtun, English, French Government - Commissioner Ann Meekitjuk Hanson - Premier Paul Okalik (Consensus government) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 1 (Nancy Karetak-Lindell) - Senate seats 1 (Willie Adams) Confederation... Motto: none Official languages Chipewyan, Cree, English, French, Gwich’in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, South Slavey, Tåîchô [1] Flower Mountain avens Tree Tamarack Bird Gyr Falcon Capital Yellowknife Largest city Yellowknife Commissioner Tony Whitford Premier Joe Handley (Consensus government (no party affiliations)) Parliamentary representation  - House seats  - Senate seats...

Map of Canadian postal districts.
FSA lists: A • B • C • E • G • H • J • K • L • M • N • P • R • S • T • V • X • Y

A directory of FSAs is provided to the right (below the postal district map), divided into separate articles by postal district. Individual FSA lists are in a tabular format, with the numbers (known as zones) going across the table and the second letter going down the table. The FSA lists specify one representative community located within each rural FSA. Medium-sized cities may have one dedicated FSA, while larger cities have more than one FSA within their limits. For FSAs that span more than one city, the city which is allocated the most codes in each such FSA is listed. For cities with a small number of FSAs (but more than one), the lists specify the relative location of each FSA in those cities. For cities with a large number of FSAs, applicable neighbourhoods and boroughs are specified. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Newfoundland and Labrador - 35 FSAs Categories: Canada Post ... Nova Scotia - 76 FSAs Categories: Canada Post ... Prince Edward Island - 7 FSAs Categories: Canada Post ... New Brunswick - 110 FSAs Categories: Canada Post ... Eastern Quebec - 136 FSAs Categories: Canada Post ... Montreal - 122 FSAs Note: No postal codes yet exist that start with H6. ... Western and Northern Quebec - 155 FSAs Categories: Canada Post | Quebec ... Eastern Ontario - 84 FSAs Note: No postal codes yet begin with K3* or K5*. Most populated FSAs Statistics Canada, 2001 Census K0K, 100,202 K0A, 88,384 K0L, 67,817 K0C, 50,698 K1V, 46,082 Least populated FSAs Statistics Canada, 2001 Census K1P, 72 K1A, 100 K8B... Central Ontario - 159 FSAs Categories: Canada Post ... Toronto - 102 FSAs Note: There are no rural FSAs in Toronto, hence no postal codes start with M0x. ... Western Ontario - 119 FSAs Categories: Canada Post ... Northern Ontario - 57 FSAs Most populated FSAs Statistics Canada, 2001 Census P0M, 51,197 P0T, 40,119 P0H, 38,600 P6A, 35,012 P1B, 33,596 Least populated FSAs Statistics Canada, 2001 Census P0Y, 49 P7K, 1,643 P7J, 2,055 P1C, 2,224 P7G, 2,436 Categories... Manitoba - 64 FSAs Categories: Canada Post ... Saskatchewan - 48 FSAs Currently there are no S1* or S5* codes. ... Alberta - 150 FSAs Categories: | | ... British Columbia - 188 FSAs Categories: Canada Post ... Nunavut and Northwest Territories - 6 FSAs Categories: Canada Post ... Yukon - 3 FSAs Categories: Canada Post ...

Local delivery units

The last three characters denote a local delivery unit (LDU). An LDU denotes a specific single address or range of addresses, which can correspond to an entire small town, a significant part of a medium-sized town, a single side of a city block in larger cities, a single large building or a portion of a very large one, a single (large) institution such as a university or a hospital, or a business that receives large volumes of mail on a regular basis. LDUs ending in zero correspond to postal facilities, from post offices all the way up to sortation plants. In urban areas, LDUs may be specific postal carriers' routes. In rural areas where direct door-to-door delivery is not available, an LDU can describe a set of post office boxes or a rural route. LDU 9Z9 is used exclusively for Business Reply Mail. In rural FSAs, the first two characters are usually assigned in alphanumerical order by the name of each community. Small-town post office and town hall in Lockhart, Alabama A post office is a facility (in most countries, a government one) where the public can purchase postage stamps for mailing correspondence or merchandise, and also drop off or pick up packages or other special-delivery items. ... Rural delivery service, formerly known as Rural Free Delivery (RFD), is the service by which the U.S. post office delivers mail directly to residents in rural areas. ... Freepost is a postal service provided by various postal authorities, whereby a person sends mail without affixing postage, and the recipient pays the postage when collecting the mail. ...

How many postal codes are possible?

No postal code includes the letters D, F, I, O, Q, or U, as the OCR equipment used in automated sorting could easily confuse them with other letters and digits, especially when they are rendered as cursive handwriting. The letters W and Z are used, but are not used as the first letter. This scheme allows for a maximum 3,600 FSAs: with 2,000 possible LDUs in each FSA, there is a theoretical maximum of 7.2 million codes. The practical maximum is a bit lower, as Canada Post reserves some FSAs for special functions, such as for test or promotional purposes, as well as for sorting mail bound for destinations outside Canada. The current Statistics Canada estimate of over 850,000 active postal codes^[1] represents about 12% of the entire postal code "space", leaving more than ample room for expansion. Optical character recognition, usually abbreviated to OCR, is a type of computer software designed to translate images of handwritten or typewritten text (usually captured by a scanner) into machine-editable text, or to translate pictures of characters into a standard encoding scheme representing them (e. ...

Postal barcodes

When a piece of mail reaches its first major Canada Post sortation facility, a multiline optical character reader system looks at its destination address, translates its postal code into a barcode, and prints that barcode on the faced envelope. For regular-size mail, a UV-fluorescent barcode is applied to the lower-right corner of the envelope; for larger envelopes, a special four-state barcode known as PostBar^[15] is applied, which encodes additional relevant information along with the postal code. The four-state barcode is put on a sticker, which is then applied to the envelope either on its lower-right corner, or just above the destination address. The complexity of the symbologies used does not make manual pre-printing of the barcodes practical, especially since the special ink used in the fluorescent barcode is not normally available to the public. However, businesses that want to reduce costs by pre-printing their own barcodes can enter into a licensing agreement with Canada Post, which includes either existing computer software for printing barcodes or the symbology specifications for businesses that wish to develop their own software. Pieces of mail that are hand-sorted instead of machine-sorted are not barcoded. This is usually the case when sender and recipient are geographically close. Multiline Optical Character Reader refers to a class of mail sorting machines that captures an image of the front of letter-sized mail, uses Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology to find and decode the entire address, looks up the ZIP+4 code and Delivery point, sprays a POSTNET barcode representing... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... UV redirects here. ... CPC Binary Barcode is Canada Posts proprietary symbology used in its automated mail sortation operations. ... PostBar, also known as CPC 4-State, is the black-ink barcode system used by, among others, Australia Post, the United States Postal Service, The Royal Mail in the United Kingdom, and by Canada Post in its automated mail sortation and delivery operations. ...

Canada Post also uses a simpler optical mark recognition system for encoding postal codes, which is printed to the right of the destination address on an envelope. This code, three rows of four marks each, is always applied before the envelope enters the postal system, and is simple enough to be printed manually with just a template and a pencil. Optical mark recognition is the process of capturing data by contrasting reflectivity at predetermined positions on a page. ...

Urbanization

Urbanization is the name Canada Post uses to refer to the process where it replaces a rural postal code (i.e., a code with a zero as its second character) with urban postal codes.^[16] The vacated rural postal code can then be assigned to another community or retired. Canada Post decides when to urbanize a certain community when its population reaches a certain level.

Santa Claus

In 1974, staff at Canada Post's Montreal office were noticing a considerable amount of letters addressed to Santa Claus coming into the postal system, and those letters were being treated as undeliverable. Since those employees did not want the writers, mostly young children, to be disappointed at the lack of response, they started answering the letters themselves. The amount of mail sent to Santa Claus increased every Christmas, up to the point that Canada Post decided to start an official Santa Claus letter-response program in 1983. Approximately one million letters come in to Santa Claus each Christmas, including from outside of Canada, and all of them are answered, in the same languages in which they are written.^[17] Canada Post introduced a special address for mail to Santa Claus, complete with its own postal code: 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Nickname: City of Mary Motto: Concordia Salus Coordinates: Country Canada Province Québec Founded 1642 Established 1832  - Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area [1] [2]    - City 185. ... A typical depiction of Santa Claus. ... Christmas is an annual holiday that marks the birth of Jesus Christ of Nazareth. ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

SANTA CLAUS

NORTH POLE  H0H 0H0

CANADA

H0H 0H0 was chosen because it looks like "Ho ho ho".^[18] Ho ho ho is the convention in English and other languages to write the way Santa Claus laughs. ...

See also

• Geocoding

Geocoding is the process of assigning geographic identifiers (e. ...

References

2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... January 7 is the seventh day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... January 22 is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Globe and Mail is a large English language national newspaper based in Toronto, Canada, and printed in seven cities across Canada. ... August 26 is the 238th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (239th in leap years). ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... The Globe and Mail is a large English language national newspaper based in Toronto, Canada, and printed in seven cities across Canada. ... September 25 is the 268th day of the year (269th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday. ... The Globe and Mail is a large English language national newspaper based in Toronto, Canada, and printed in seven cities across Canada. ... April 30 is the 120th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (121st in leap years), with 245 days remaining. ... For the Stargate SG-1 episode, see 1969 (Stargate SG-1). ... The Globe and Mail is a large English language national newspaper based in Toronto, Canada, and printed in seven cities across Canada. ... June 4 is the 155th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (156th in leap years), with 210 days remaining. ... For the Stargate SG-1 episode, see 1969 (Stargate SG-1). ... The Globe and Mail is a large English language national newspaper based in Toronto, Canada, and printed in seven cities across Canada. ... March 4 is the 63rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (64th in leap years). ... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... The Globe and Mail is a large English language national newspaper based in Toronto, Canada, and printed in seven cities across Canada. ... May 6 is the 126th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (127th in leap years). ... For the Stargate SG-1 episode, see 1969 (Stargate SG-1). ... The Canadian Postal Museum (French: Le Musée national de la poste) in Gatineau, Quebec was established in 1971 and opened in 1974 as the National Postal Museum. ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... January 7 is the seventh day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Globe and Mail is a large English language national newspaper based in Toronto, Canada, and printed in seven cities across Canada. ... February 20 is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday. ... The Globe and Mail is a large English language national newspaper based in Toronto, Canada, and printed in seven cities across Canada. ... February 20 is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... The Globe and Mail is a large English language national newspaper based in Toronto, Canada, and printed in seven cities across Canada. ... March 13 is the 72nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (73rd in leap years). ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... The Globe and Mail is a large English language national newspaper based in Toronto, Canada, and printed in seven cities across Canada. ... February 6 is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... The Globe and Mail is a large English language national newspaper based in Toronto, Canada, and printed in seven cities across Canada. ... June 18 is the 169th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (170th in leap years), with 196 days remaining. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... February 11 is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... January 6 is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 359 days (360 in leap years) remaining. ... January 6 is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 359 days (360 in leap years) remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... January 6 is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 359 days (360 in leap years) remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... December 24 is the 358th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (359th in leap years). ... October 28 is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 64 days remaining. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A news release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded communication directed at members of the news media for the purpose of announcing something claimed as having news value. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... November 6 is the 310th day of the year (311th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 55 days remaining. ...

External links

• Canada Post
  • Householder Counts and Maps
  • National Presortation Schematic: Includes monthly bulletin detailing postal code changes
  • Canada Forward Sortation Area (FSA) Map: Postal code break down.
• Doug Ewell's page explaining Canadian Postal Codes
• Civilization.ca - A Chronology of Canadian Postal History
• FactsCanada.ca -- Friday Feature 2001-01Fr -- Canada Post Corporation
• Geolocation lookup by Canadian Postal Code
• Address/Postal Code to GeoCode Translator API