British Columbia takes its name partly from Britain and partly from the Columbia whose crew first explored the area. Columbia in turn is a poetic name for the American continent discovered by Christopher Columbus.
Manitoba is most commonly believed to have come from the Cree word manitowapow or the Ojibwa word manitobau, both meaning "the strait of the spirit".
Northwest Territories named for its location northwest of Lake Superior. The territory once comprised virtually all Canadian land northwest of that lake; it has since been split up into several other provinces and territories, but has retained its name.
Nova Scotia is Latin for "New Scotland". In the 1620s a group of Scots was sent by Charles I to set up a colony, and the Latin name is used in Sir William Alexander's 1621 land grant. Although this settlement was abandoned because of a treaty between Britain and France, the name remains.
Ontario got its name from a Native American language, most likely from onitariio, meaning "beautiful lake", or kanadario, translated as "sparkling" or "beautiful", or possibly from Wyandot (Huron)ontare ("lake").
Quebec comes from the Micmac word Gepèèg meaning "strait", or possibly Algonquiankebek meaning "narrow passage" originally referring to the narrowing of the St. Lawrence River off what is currently Quebec City.
It is unclear why this name was chosen for the province, though it is generally thought to be named after straits in Lake Manitoba.
New Brunswick named in honour of the Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, the future King George IV of the United Kingdom, son of King George III of the United Kingdom.
Prince Edward Island is named after Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of York, the brother of King George III of the United Kingdom and a commander of troops in Anglo-French fighting in Canada that was occurring at the time the name was given.
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