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For other uses, see Canberra (disambiguation). Canberra Australian Capital Territory Location of Canberra within Australia Population: 339,900 (04/12/2007) [1] (8th) • Density: 401.01/km² (1038.6/sq mi) Established: 12 March 1913 Coordinates: 35°18′27″S 149°07′27.9″E / -35.3075, 149.124417Coordinates: 35°18′27″S 149°07′27.9″E / -35.3075, 149.124417 Area: 805.6 km² (311.0sq mi) Time zone:  • Summer (DST) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Capital Canberra Government Constitutional monarchy Administrator none Chief Minister Jon Stanhope (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 2  - Senate seats 2 Gross Territorial Product (2006)  - Product ($m)  $19,167 (6th)  - Product per capita  $57,303/person (1st) Population (End of November 2006)  - Population  333,667 (7th)  - Density  137. ... Image File history File links Canberra_locator-MJC.png Summary Map of Australia locating Canberra. ... This list of Australian cities by population briefly explains the three different population figures given for Australian cities, and provides rankings for each. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... is the 71st day of the year (72nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... Although DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... AEST (UTC+10) AEDT (UTC+11) UTC+10 time zone Australia (AEST—Australian Eastern Standard Time) Australian Capital Territory**, New South Wales** (except Broken Hill, which observes South Australia time), Queensland, Tasmania** (which observes DST starting on the first weekend of October instead of the last), Victoria** Guam (Chamorro Standard Time via US Law) Federated States... UTC+10 time zone Australia (AEST—Australian Eastern Standard Time) Australian Capital Territory**, New South Wales** (except Broken Hill, which observes South Australia time), Queensland, Tasmania** (which observes DST starting on the first weekend of October instead of the last), Victoria** Guam (Chamorro Standard Time via US Law) Federated States... Categories: Time zones ... as non DST time Federated States of Micronesia Kosrae, Pohnpei, and surrounding area New Caledonia Russia Kuril Islands* Magadan Oblast* Sakha Republic* (eastern portion) Solomon Islands Vanuatu as DST Australia (Australian Eastern Daylight Time) Australian Capital Territory** New South Wales** Tasmania** (where daylight saving time starts on the first weekend... Location: 286 km (178 mi) SW of Sydney 666 km (414 mi) NE of Melbourne 1191 km (740 mi) E of Adelaide 1214 km (754 mi) SSW of Brisbane 3852 km (2394 mi) ESE of Perth State District: Molonglo, Ginninderra Brindabella Federal Division: Canberra Fraser Mean Max Temp Mean Min Temp Rainfall 28.5 °C 83 °F 0.0 °C 32 °F 632.6 mm 24.9 in Canberra (pronounced /ˈkænbɹə/[2]) is the capital city of the Commonwealth of Australia. With a population of over 323,000, it is Australia's largest inland city. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory, 280 km (170 mi) south-west of Sydney, and 650 km (400 mi) north-east of Melbourne. The site of Canberra was selected for the location of the nation's capital in 1908 as a compromise between age-old rivals Sydney and Melbourne, Australia's two largest cities. It is unusual among Australian cities, being an entirely purpose-built, planned city. Following an international contest for the city's design, a design by the Chicago architects Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin was selected and construction commenced in 1913. The city's design was heavily influenced by the garden city movement and incorporates significant areas of natural vegetation that have earned Canberra the title "bush capital". Although the growth and development of Canberra were hindered by the World Wars and the Great Depression, it emerged as a thriving city after World War II. “km” redirects here. ... “Miles” redirects here. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ... For other uses, see Adelaide (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Brisbane (disambiguation). ... Location of Perth within Australia This article is about the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. ... State Electoral District is a term used to refer to a voting area within Australian states. ... Location of the electorate in the Canberra region The Molonglo electorate is one of the three electorates for the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly. ... Location of the electorate in the Canberra region The Ginninderra electorate is one of the three electorates for the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly. ... Location of the electorate in the Canberra region The Brindabella electorate is one of the three electorates for the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly. ... The Australian House of Representatives is elected from 150 single-member districts called Divisions. ... The Division of Canberra is an Australian Electoral Division in the Australian Capital Territory. ... The Division of Fraser is an Australian Electoral Division in the Australian Capital Territory. ... For other uses, see Celsius (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Fahrenheit (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Celsius (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Fahrenheit (disambiguation). ... This article is about the unit of length. ... An inch (plural: inches; symbol or abbreviation: in or, sometimes, ″ - a double prime) is the name of a unit of length in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... Australian English is a non-rhotic variety of English spoken by most native-born Australians. ... For other uses, see City (disambiguation). ... Capital Canberra Government Constitutional monarchy Administrator none Chief Minister Jon Stanhope (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 2  - Senate seats 2 Gross Territorial Product (2006)  - Product ($m)  $19,167 (6th)  - Product per capita  $57,303/person (1st) Population (End of November 2006)  - Population  333,667 (7th)  - Density  137. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ... A new town, planned community or planned city is a city, town, or community that was designed from scratch, and grew up more or less following the plan. ... For other uses, see Chicago (disambiguation). ... Walter Burley Griffin and his wife Marion Mahony Griffin, in Sydney in 1930 Walter Burley Griffin (November 24, 1876 - February 11, 1937) was an American architect and landscape architect best known for his role in designing Canberra, Australias capital city. ... Watercolour from the Canberra Design Artists Studio (Section). ... Ebenezer Howards 3 magnets diagram which addressed the question Where will the people go?, the choices being Town, Country or Town-Country The garden city movement is an approach to urban planning that was founded in 1898 by Ebenezer Howard in England. ... For other uses, see The Great Depression (disambiguation). ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... As the seat of the government of Australia, Canberra is the site of Parliament House, the High Court of Australia and numerous government departments and agencies. It is also the location of many social and cultural institutions of national significance, such as the National Gallery of Australia and the National Museum of Australia. The federal government contributes the largest percentage of Gross State Product and is the largest single employer in Canberra. The Commonwealth of Australia is a constitutional monarchy, a federation, and a parliamentary democracy. ... Parliament House Canberra: The main entrance and the flag mast. ... High Court entrance The High Court of Australia is the final court of appeal in Australia, the highest court in the Australian court hierarchy. ... National Gallery of Australia The National Gallery of Australia is a major art gallery (museum) in Canberra, Australia. ... Central garden of the National Museum of Australia The National Museum of Australia first opened its doors to the public in March 2001 in the nations federal capital city of Canberra. ... Contents 1 History 2 Geography 2.1 Climate 2.2 Urban structure 3 Governance 4 Economy 5 Demographics 6 Education 7 Culture 7.1 Arts and entertainment 7.2 Media 7.3 Sport 8 Infrastructure 8.1 Health 8.2 Transport 8.3 Utilities 9 See also 10 References 11 External links [edit] History Main article: History of Canberra Before European settlement, the area in which Canberra would eventually be constructed was seasonally inhabited by the Ngunnawal and Walgalu tribes. The Ngarigo lived south-east of the Canberra area, the Gundungurra to the north, the Yuin on the coast and the Wiradjuri to the west. Archaeological evidence from the Canberra region suggests human habitation of the area for at least 21,000 years. The word "Canberra" is derived from the name of the local Ngabri people dialect, one of the Ngunnawal family groups, from the word Kanbarra meaning "meeting place" in the old Ngunnawal language. The Ngunnawal name was apparently used as a reference to corroborees held during the seasonal migration of the Ngunawal people to feast on the Bogong moths that pass through the region each spring. The History of Canberra details the development of the city of Canberra from the time before white settlement to Canberras planning by the Chicago architect Walter Burley Griffin and subsequent development to the present day. ... The Ngunnawal people (alternatively Ngunnawal tribe, or more latterly Ngunnawal Nation) are the indigenous Australian inhabitants whose traditional lands encompass much of the area now occupied by the city of Canberra, Australia and the surrounding Australian Capital Territory. ... This List of Indigenous Australian group names contains names and collective designations which have been applied, either formerly or in the past, to groups of Indigenous Australians. ... The Wiradjuri (many other spellings; see below) are an Indigenous Australian group of central New South Wales. ... The city of Canberra is named after the Ngunnawal word Kambera Ngunnawal language, language spoken by the Ngunnawal people, an Australian Aboriginal tribe who lived in the Canberra area. ... A Corroboree is a ceremonial meeting of Australian Aborigines. ... Binomial name Agrotis infusa (bogong moth) , Subspecies The Bogong moth (Agrotis infusa) is a temperate species of night-flying moth notable for appearing in major proportions around major public buildings in Canberra, the capital city of Australia, during spring (late September to November). ... Blundells' Cottage, built around 1860,[3] is one of the few remaining buildings built by the first European settlers of Canberra European exploration and settlement started in the Canberra area as early as the 1820s. There were four expeditions between 1820 and 1824. White settlement of the area probably dates from 1824, when a homestead or station was built on what is now the Acton peninsula by stockmen employed by Joshua John Moore. He formally purchased the site in 1826, and named the property Canberry. The European population in the Canberra area continued to grow slowly throughout the 19th century. Among them was the Campbell family of "Duntroon"; their imposing stone house is now the officers' mess of the Royal Military College, Duntroon. The Campbells sponsored settlement by other farmer families to work their land, such as the Southwells of "Weetangera". Other notable early settlers included the inter-related Murray and Gibbes families, who owned the Yarralumla estate - now the site of the official residence of the Governor-General of Australia - from the 1830s through to 1881. The oldest surviving public building in the inner-city is the Anglican Church of St John the Baptist, in the suburb of Reid, which was consecrated in 1845. St John's churchyard contains the graves of many of the district's pioneers. As the European presence increased, the indigenous population dwindled, mainly from disease such as smallpox and measles. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1936x1152, 229 KB) Blundells cottage, Canberra, photo taken by User:Petaholmes, August 2005 File links The following pages link to this file: Canberra ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1936x1152, 229 KB) Blundells cottage, Canberra, photo taken by User:Petaholmes, August 2005 File links The following pages link to this file: Canberra ... Royal Military College The Royal Military College, Duntroon is Australias military academy where Staff Cadets train for commissioning into the Australian Army as a part of the Australian Defence Force There are two streams of Cadets: from the Australian Defence Force Academy, and by direct entry. ... Weetangera is a suburb in the Canberra, Australia district of Belconnen. ... Yarralumla is a large inner south suburb of Canberra, the capital city of Australia. ... Governor-General (or Governor General) is a term used both historically and currently to designate the appointed representative of a head of state or their government for a particular territory, historically in a colonial context, but no longer necessarily in that form. ... John the Baptist (also called John the Baptizer or John the Dipper) is regarded as a prophet by at least three religions: Christianity, Islam, and Mandaeanism. ... Opening of Parliament House in May 1927 The district's change from a New South Wales (NSW) rural area to the national capital started during debates over Federation in the late 19th century. Following a long dispute over whether Sydney or Melbourne should be the national capital, a compromise was reached: the new capital would be built in New South Wales, so long as it was no closer than 100 miles (160 km) to Sydney, with Melbourne to be the temporary capital while the new capital was built. Canberra was chosen as the site in 1908, as a result of survey work done by the government surveyor Charles Scrivener. The NSW government ceded the Federal Capital Territory (as it was then known) to the federal government. In an international design competition conducted by the Department of Home Affairs, on 1 January 1910, the design by Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin was chosen for the city, and in 1913 Griffin was appointed Federal Capital Director of Design and Construction and Construction began. On 12 March 1913, the city was officially given its name by Lady Denman, the wife of the then Governor-General Lord Denman at a ceremony at Kurrajong Hill, which has since become Capital Hill and the site of the present Parliament House. Canberra Day is a public holiday observed in the city and the surrounding Australian Capital Territory (ACT) on the second Monday in March to celebrate the founding of Canberra. parliamenthouse2 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... parliamenthouse2 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The federation of Australia was the process by which the six separate British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia formed a federation. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ... Surveyor at work with a leveling instrument. ... Charles Robert Scrivener (November 2, 1855 - September 26, 1923) was an Australian surveyor, and the person who surveyed numerous sites in New South Wales for the selection of a site for the Australian Capital Territory and Australias capital city Canberra. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1910 (MCMX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Walter Burley Griffin and his wife Marion Mahony Griffin, in Sydney in 1930 Walter Burley Griffin (November 24, 1876 - February 11, 1937) was an American architect and landscape architect best known for his role in designing Canberra, Australias capital city. ... is the 71st day of the year (72nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Lady Denman at the ceremony for the naming of Canberra in 1913. ... The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia is the representative of Queen Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia. ... Lord Denman Thomas Denman, 3rd Baron Denman, PC (16 November 1874 - 24 June 1954) was the fifth Governor-General of Australia. ... Parliament House Canberra: The main entrance and the flag mast. ... Canberra Day is a public hoilday held annually in March in the Australian Capital Territory to celebrate the offical naming of Canberra. ... Capital Canberra Government Constitutional monarchy Administrator none Chief Minister Jon Stanhope (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 2  - Senate seats 2 Gross Territorial Product (2006)  - Product ($m)  $19,167 (6th)  - Product per capita  $57,303/person (1st) Population (End of November 2006)  - Population  333,667 (7th)  - Density  137. ... Two of Canberra's best-known landmarks, Parliament House and Old Parliament House (foreground). Commonwealth Place runs alongside the lake and includes the International Flag Display. Questacon is on the right. The federal government moved to Canberra on 9 May 1927, with the opening of the Provisional Parliament House. The Prime Minister, Stanley Bruce, had officially taken up residence in The Lodge a few days earlier. Planned development of the city slowed significantly during the depression of the 1930s and during World War II. Some projects planned for that time, for example, Roman Catholic and Anglican cathedrals, were never completed. The development of Canberra gained pace after the Second World War, and it has grown beyond the original planners’ expectations since then. Several Government departments, together with public servants, were moved to Canberra from Melbourne following the war. Government housing projects were undertaken to accommodate the city's growing population. Parts of Canberra's north and south were further developed in the 1950s, and urban development in the districts of Woden Valley and Belconnen commenced in the mid and late 1960s, respectively. Lake Burley Griffin was completed in 1963. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x629, 379 KB) Parliament House, Canberra. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x629, 379 KB) Parliament House, Canberra. ... Questacon – the National Science and Technology Centre, is located on the southern shore of Lake Burley Griffin in Canberra, Australia. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Old Parliament House today Opening of Parliament House in May 1927 Old Parliament House, formerly known as the Provisional Parliament House, was the seat of the Parliament of Australia from 1927 to 1988. ... Stanley Melbourne Bruce, 1st Viscount Bruce of Melbourne, CH, MC, FRS, PC (15 April 1883–25 August 1967), Australian politician and diplomat, was the eighth Prime Minister of Australia. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... In 1931, over 1000 unemployed men marched from the Esplanade to the Treasury Building in Perth, Western Australia to see Premier Sir James Mitchell. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Roman Catholic Church in Australia is part of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope and curia in Rome. ... Arms of the Anglican Church of Australia The Anglican Church of Australia, a member church of the Anglican Communion, was previously officially known as the Church of England in Australia and Tasmania (renamed in 1981). ... This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ... A government built house in the Belconnen district of Canberra Government built housing in Canberra and the Australian Capital Territory has a history stemming from the decision to build the National Capital in the bush. ... North Canberra shown in light blue North Canberra, also known as the Inner North, is a district of Canberra, the capital city of Australia, comprised of 15 suburbs with 15,150 dwellings housing 40,455 people of the 311,518 people in the Australian Capital Territory (June 2001 Census). ... South Canberra is a central district of Canberra, the capital city of Australia. ... The suburbs of Canberra are organised into a hierarchy of districts, town centres, group centres, local suburbs and other industrial areas and villages. ... Woden Valley shown in red Woden Valley from Red Hill looking across the suburb of Garran in the foreground to the Brindabella Ranges. ... Location of Belconnen For the Canberra suburb of Belconnen see: Belconnen, Australian Capital Territory Belconnen is a district of Canberra, the Capital city of Australia, comprising 25 suburbs with 29,900 dwellings housing 82,247 people of the 311,518 people in the Australian Capital Territory (June 2001 Census). ... Sunset over Lake Burley Griffin, viewed from the Commonwealth Bridge Lake Burley Griffin is a lake in the centre of Canberra, Australias federal capital city. ... On 27 January 1972 the Aboriginal Tent Embassy was first established on the grounds of Parliament House; it was created to draw attention to indigenous rights and land issues and has been continuously occupied since 1992. On 9 May 1988, a larger and permanent Parliament House was opened on Capital Hill as part of Australia's bicentenary celebrations, and the Federal Parliament moved there from the Provisional Parliament House, now known as Old Parliament House. In December 1988, the ACT was granted full self-government through an Act of the Commonwealth Parliament. Following the first elections in February 1989, a 17-member Legislative Assembly sat at its offices in London Circuit, Civic, on 11 May 1989. The Australian Labor Party formed the ACT's first government, led by the Chief Minister Rosemary Follett, who made history as Australia's first female head of government. is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Aboriginal Tent Embassy in Canberra has existed intermittently since 1972. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 131st day of the year (132nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... ALP redirects here. ... Rosemary Follett, Australian politician, was the first woman to become the head of government in an Australian state or territory. ... On 18 January 2003, parts of Canberra were engulfed by a bushfire that killed four people and destroyed 491 homes and the major research telescopes and workshop at the Australian National University's Mount Stromlo Observatory. is the 18th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2003 Canberra bushfires The Canberra bushfires of 2003 were the worst fires in Canberras history and caused severe damage to the outskirts of the Australian capital city. ... The Australian National University, or ANU, is a public university located in Canberra, Australia. ... The old administration building with the dome of the Farnham telescope The dome of the 50-inch Great Melbourne telescope Mount Stromlo Observatory (MSO) located just outside of Canberra, Australia, is part of the Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics at the Australian National University (ANU). ... [edit] Geography The location of Canberra within the ACT, Canberra's seven districts are shown in yellow, they are North Canberra, South Canberra, Woden Valley, Belconnen, Weston Creek, Tuggeranong, and Gungahlin Canberra covers an area of 805.6 square kilometres (311.0 sq. mi) and is located near the Brindabella Ranges (Brendy Bear Ranges), approximately 150 kilometres (93 mi) inland from Australia's east coast. It is located at altitudes that range from 550 metres to 700 metres (1,800 to 2,300 ft) AHD. The highest point is Mount Majura at 888 metres (2,913 ft). Other large hills include Mt Taylor, Mt Ainslie, Mt Mugga Mugga and Black Mountain. The surrounding bushland and the original bushland that Canberra was built in is a mixture of eucalyptus savanna, open grassland, scrubland, swamp and dry eucalyptus forests. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (800x804, 67 KB) Summary Map of Canberra Drawn by me in Illustrator and released under the GFDL Licensing Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (800x804, 67 KB) Summary Map of Canberra Drawn by me in Illustrator and released under the GFDL Licensing Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Capital Canberra Government Constitutional monarchy Administrator none Chief Minister Jon Stanhope (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 2  - Senate seats 2 Gross Territorial Product (2006)  - Product ($m)  $19,167 (6th)  - Product per capita  $57,303/person (1st) Population (End of November 2006)  - Population  333,667 (7th)  - Density  137. ... North Canberra shown in light blue North Canberra, also known as the Inner North, is a district of Canberra, the capital city of Australia, comprised of 15 suburbs with 15,150 dwellings housing 40,455 people of the 311,518 people in the Australian Capital Territory (June 2001 Census). ... South Canberra is a central district of Canberra, the capital city of Australia. ... Woden Valley shown in red Woden Valley from Red Hill looking across the suburb of Garran in the foreground to the Brindabella Ranges. ... Location of Belconnen For the Canberra suburb of Belconnen see: Belconnen, Australian Capital Territory Belconnen is a district of Canberra, the Capital city of Australia, comprising 25 suburbs with 29,900 dwellings housing 82,247 people of the 311,518 people in the Australian Capital Territory (June 2001 Census). ... Location of Weston Creek Weston Creek is a district of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia which lies west of the Woden Valley district. ... Location of Tuggeranong Tuggeranong Town Centre is located on Lake Tuggeranong Tuggeranong is the southernmost town centre of Canberra, the capital city of Australia. ... Location of Gungahlin Gungahlin is a district of Canberra, the Capital city of Australia, comprising 7 suburbs with 25,766 people of the 311,518 people in the Australian Capital Territory (June 2001 Census). ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Brindabella Ranges is a mountain range and the name of a valley in Australia. ... “km” redirects here. ... This article is about the unit of length. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... The Australian Height Datum is a theoretical reference surface (datum) for altitude measurement in Australia. ... Mount Majura on the left with Mount Ainslie on the right, as viewed from Dickson oval Top of Mount Majura Mount Majura, hill located in Canberra, Australia. ... Mount Taylor viewed from Red Hill. ... Mount Ainslie Locality Map Mount Ainslie or Mount Ainslie-Majura is a part of Canberra Nature Park. ... Black Mountain is situated close to the central business district of Australias capital city Canberra. ... The term bushland usually refers to an area that has only a sparse flora and fauna. ... Savannah redirects here. ... Scrubland is plant community characterized by scrub vegetation. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Molonglo River flows through Canberra and has been dammed to form the body of water in the centre of the city called Lake Burley Griffin. The Molonglo then flows into the Murrumbidgee north-west of Canberra, which in turn flows north-west toward the New South Wales town of Yass. The Queanbeyan River joins the Molonglo River at Oaks Estate just within the ACT. A number of creeks, including Jerrabomberra and Yarralumla Creeks, flow into the Molonglo and Murrumbidgee. Two of these creeks, the Ginninderra and Tuggeranong, have similarly been dammed to form Lakes Ginninderra and Tuggeranong. Until recently the Molonglo had a history of sometimes lethal floods; the area was a flood plain prior to the filling of Lake Burley Griffin. Black swans on Molonglo River. ... Sunset over Lake Burley Griffin, viewed from the Commonwealth Bridge Lake Burley Griffin is a lake in the centre of Canberra, Australias federal capital city. ... The Murrumbidgee River is a major river in the state of New South Wales, Australia, and the Australian Capital Territory. ... The Queanbeyan River joins the Molonglo River at Oaks Estate just within the Australian Capital Territory. ... Lake Ginninderra is an artificial lake located on the Ginninderra Creek and adjacent to the Belconnen Town Centre. ... Lake Tuggeranong Lake Tuggeranong is an artifical lake in the Canberra district of Tuggeranong. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... [edit] Climate Canberra has four distinct seasons, because of its latitude, elevation and distance from the coast. The climates of most Australian coastal areas, which include all the state capital cities, are moderated by the sea. Canberra experiences hot, dry summers, and cold winters with heavy fog and frequent frosts, with a rare spot of snow in the CBD and surrounding areas. The highest recorded maximum temperature was 42.2 °C (108 °F) on 1 February 1968.[4] The lowest recorded minimum temperature was −10.0 °C (14 °F) on 11 July 1971. Light snow falls in the city in one out of approximately three winters but is usually not widespread and quickly dissipates. Thunderstorms can occur between September and March, with rainfall maximums in spring and summer. The Central Business District of Sydney, Australia. ... is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 192nd day of the year (193rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar, known as the year of cyclohexanol. ... A shelf cloud associated with a heavy or severe thunderstorm over Enschede, The Netherlands. ... [edit] Urban structure Inner Canberra demonstrates some aspects of the Griffin plan, in particular the Parliamentary Triangle Main article: Suburbs of Canberra Canberra is a planned city that was originally designed by Walter Burley Griffin, a major 20th century American architect. Major roads follow a wheel-and-spoke pattern rather than a grid. The city centre is laid out on two perpendicular axes: a water axis stretching along Lake Burley Griffin, and a ceremonial land axis stretching from Parliament House on Capital Hill north-eastward along ANZAC Parade to the Australian War Memorial at the foot of Mt Ainslie. The area known as the Parliamentary Triangle is formed by three of Burley Griffin's axes, stretching from Capital Hill along Commonwealth Avenue to the Civic Centre around City Hill, along Constitution Avenue to the Defence precinct on Russell Hill, and along Kings Avenue back to Capital Hill. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1100x1200, 146 KB)Fix version of my inner Canberra map File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1100x1200, 146 KB)Fix version of my inner Canberra map File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The Parliamentary Triangle is the ceremonial precinct of Canberra and contains the Parliament (which also houses the executive branch and the High Court of Australia. ... The suburbs of Canberra are organised into a hierarchy of districts, town centres, group centres, local suburbs and other industrial areas and villages. ... A new town, planned community or planned city is a city, town, or community that was designed from scratch, and grew up more or less following the plan. ... Walter Burley Griffin and his wife Marion Mahony Griffin, in Sydney in 1930 Walter Burley Griffin (November 24, 1876 - February 11, 1937) was an American architect and landscape architect best known for his role in designing Canberra, Australias capital city. ... Sunset over Lake Burley Griffin, viewed from the Commonwealth Bridge Lake Burley Griffin is a lake in the centre of Canberra, Australias federal capital city. ... Capital Hill (postcode: 2600) is the location of Parliament House, Canberra, at the south apex of the land axis of the Parliamentary Triangle. ... ANZAC Parade has many of the major national memorials in Canberra, the national capital of Australia. ... The Australian War Memorial is Australias national memorial to the members of all its armed forces and supporting organisations who have died or participated in the wars of the Commonwealth of Australia. ... Mount Ainslie Locality Map Mount Ainslie or Mount Ainslie-Majura is a part of Canberra Nature Park. ... The Parliamentary Triangle is the ceremonial precinct of Canberra and contains the Parliament (which also houses the executive branch and the High Court of Australia. ... Commonwealth Avenue crossing Lake Burley Griffin at Commonwealth Avenue Bridge. ... The urban areas of Canberra are organised into a hierarchy of districts, town centres, group centres, local suburbs as well as other industrial areas and villages. There are seven districts, each of which is divided into smaller suburbs, and most of which have a town centre which is the focus of commercial and social activities. The districts were settled in the following chronological order: North Canberra, mostly settled in the 1920s and '30s, with expansion up to the 1960s, now 15 suburbs South Canberra, settled from the 1920s to '60s, 12 suburbs Woden Valley, first settled in 1963, 13 suburbs Belconnen, first settled in 1967, 25 suburbs Weston Creek, settled in 1969, 8 suburbs Tuggeranong, settled in 1974, 19 suburbs Gungahlin, settled in the early 1990s, 7 suburbs to date View from Tuggeranong Hill, looking down into Tuggeranong Valley The North and South Canberra districts are substantially based on Walter Burley Griffin's designs. In 1967 the then National Capital Development Commission adopted the "Y Plan" which laid out future urban development in Canberra around a series of central shopping and commercial area known as the 'town centres' linked by freeways, the layout of which roughly resembled the shape of the letter Y, with Tuggeranong at the base of the Y and Belconnen and Gungahlin located at the ends of the arms of the Y. Development in Canberra has been closely regulated by government, both through the town planning process, but also through the use of crown lease terms that have tightly limited the use of parcels of land. All land in the ACT is held on 99 year leases from the national government, although most leases are now administered by the Territory government. North Canberra shown in light blue North Canberra, also known as the Inner North, is a district of Canberra, the capital city of Australia, comprised of 15 suburbs with 15,150 dwellings housing 40,455 people of the 311,518 people in the Australian Capital Territory (June 2001 Census). ... South Canberra is a central district of Canberra, the capital city of Australia. ... Woden Valley shown in red Woden Valley from Red Hill looking across the suburb of Garran in the foreground to the Brindabella Ranges. ... Location of Belconnen For the Canberra suburb of Belconnen see: Belconnen, Australian Capital Territory Belconnen is a district of Canberra, the Capital city of Australia, comprising 25 suburbs with 29,900 dwellings housing 82,247 people of the 311,518 people in the Australian Capital Territory (June 2001 Census). ... Location of Weston Creek Weston Creek is a district of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia which lies west of the Woden Valley district. ... Location of Tuggeranong Tuggeranong Town Centre is located on Lake Tuggeranong Tuggeranong is the southernmost town centre of Canberra, the capital city of Australia. ... Location of Gungahlin Gungahlin is a district of Canberra, the Capital city of Australia, comprising 7 suburbs with 25,766 people of the 311,518 people in the Australian Capital Territory (June 2001 Census). ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1022x461, 148 KB)A cropped version of User:Huwr image File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1022x461, 148 KB)A cropped version of User:Huwr image File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... A photograph of Tuggeranong Hill, looking up from Tuggeranong Valley Tuggeranong Hill is located in Tuggeranong, Canberra. ... The National Capital Development Commission (NCDC) was an Australian Commonwealth Government body created to complete the establishment of Canberra as the seat of government. ... Most suburbs have their own local shops, and are located close to a larger shopping centre serving a group of suburbs. Community facilities and schools are often also located near local shops or group shopping centres. Many of Canberra's suburbs are named after former Prime Ministers, famous Australians, early settlers, or use Aboriginal words for their title. Street names typically follow a particular theme; for example, the streets of Duffy are named after Australian dams and weirs, and the streets of Page are named after biologists and naturalists. Most diplomatic missions are located in the suburbs of Yarralumla, Deakin and O'Malley. There are three light industrial areas: the suburbs of Fyshwick, Mitchell and Hume. This is a list of suburbs in the city of Canberra, in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. ... Abbey Road in London A street name or odonym is an identifying name given to a street. ... Duffy (postcode: 2611) is a suburb in the Canberra district of Weston Creek. ... Page is a suburb of Canberra, in the district of Belconnen. ... - Seal on the building of German Embassies. ... Yarralumla is a large inner south suburb of Canberra, the capital city of Australia. ... Deakin (postcode: 2600) is a suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. ... OMalley (postcode: 2606) is a suburb in the Canberra district of Woden Valley. ... Fyshwick locality map Fyshwick (postcode: 2609) is an industrial suburb of Canberra, located east of the South Canberra district. ... Mitchell is a light-industrial suburb in Canberra in the district of North Canberra. ... Hume is a suburb of Canberra in the district of Tuggeranong. ... [edit] Governance ACT Legislative Assembly & the statue Ethos (Tom Bass, 1961) Outside Canberra, the Australian Capital Territory has no settlements larger than a village. The Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly performs the roles of both a city council and territory government. The Assembly consists of 17 members, elected from three districts using proportional representation. The three districts are Molonglo, Ginninderra and Brindabella, which elect seven, five and five members, respectively. The Chief Minister is elected by the Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) and selects another four MLAs to serve as Ministers to form, with the Chief Minister, an Executive (known informally as the cabinet.) At the 2004 election the Australian Labor Party, headed by Chief Minister Jon Stanhope, won nine of the 17 seats and formed the ACT's first majority government. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1460x1001, 687 KB)Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1460x1001, 687 KB)Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly. ... The ACT Legislative Assembly building, as seen from the front The Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly (or, more formally and fully, the Legislative Assembly for the Australian Capital Territory) is the unicameral legislature of the Australian Capital Territory. ... A city council is the most common style of legislative government in a city or town. ... Location of the electorate in the Canberra region The Molonglo electorate is one of the three electorates for the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly. ... Location of the electorate in the Canberra region The Ginninderra electorate is one of the three electorates for the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly. ... Location of the electorate in the Canberra region The Brindabella electorate is one of the three electorates for the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly. ... This article is about the governmental body. ... For the 18th century British politician, see John Stanhope. ... The Australian national government retains some influence over the ACT government. In the administrative sphere, most frequently this is through the actions of the National Capital Authority which is responsible for planning and development in areas of Canberra which are considered to be of national importance or which are central to Griffin's plan for the city, such as the Parliamentary Triangle, major approach and processional roads, areas where the Commonwealth retains ownership of the land or undeveloped hills and ridge-lines (which form part of the Canberra Nature Park). The national government also retains a level of control over the Territory Assembly through the provisions of the Australian Capital Territory (Self-Government) Act 1988. This Act of the national Parliament is the constitution for the ACT and limits the range of matters upon which the Assembly can legislate. The National Capital Authority (NCA) is a body of the Australian Government that was established to manage the Commonwealths interest in the planning and development of Canberra as the capital city of Australia. ... Australian Capital Territory (Self-Government) Act 1988 is an Act of the Parliament of Australia enacted on 6 December 1988, that establishes ‘a body politic under the Crown by the name of the Australian Capital Territory’ and is the Territory’s constitutional foundation. ... The Australian Federal Police provides all of the police services of a state police force under a contractual agreement with the Australian Capital Territory Government. People who have been charged with offences are tried either in the ACT Magistrate's Court or, for more severe offences, the ACT Supreme Court. Prisoners can be held in remand at the Belconnen Remand Centre in the ACT. As at 2008 there is no prison in the ACT, so people who have been sentenced to imprisonment serve their sentence in NSW; a new prison, the Alexander Maconochie Centre, is currently under construction. Courts such as a Small Claims Tribunal and a Family Court exist for civil law actions and other non-criminal legal matters. The Australian Federal Police (AFP) is the federal police agency of the Commonwealth of Australia. ... Magistrates Court of the Australian Capital Territory viewed from Vernon Circle, May 2007. ... The Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory is the highest court in the Australian Territory of the Australian Capital Territory. ... Remand is a legal term which has two related but distinct usages. ... Belconnen Remand Centre is an Australian prison located in Symonston, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. ... NSW redirects here. ... It has been suggested that Australian family law be merged into this article or section. ... [edit] Economy Many Canberrans are employed by Government departments such as the Australian Treasury As of July 2006, the unemployment rate in Canberra is 2.8%, well below the national unemployment rate of 4.8%,[5] with labour shortages reported in some sectors. As a result of low unemployment and substantial levels of public sector and commercial employment, Canberra has the highest average equivalised disposable income of any Australian capital city.[6] The gross average weekly wage of a Canberra resident is $1,208.50, compared with the Australia wide average of $1,043.10.[7] The median house price in Canberra as of June 2005 was $352,500, lower than Sydney, Melbourne and Perth but higher than all other capital cities.[8] The median house price in September 2006 was $375,000[9] The average price in November 2006 was $411,305.[10] The median weekly rent paid by Canberra residents is higher than rents in all other states and territories.[11] As at the September quarter of 2006 the median rent for a 3 bedroom house was $320 per week. This is the highest of all capital cities in Australia. The median rent for 'other' dwellings is $300 per week.[12] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 912 KB)The Treasury Building, Parkes, Australian Capital Territory. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 912 KB)The Treasury Building, Parkes, Australian Capital Territory. ... ISO 4217 Code AUD User(s) Australia, Kiribati, Nauru, Tuvalu, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and Norfolk Island Inflation 1. ... The city's main industry is government administration and defence, which accounted for 26.1% of Gross Territory Product in 2003–04 and employed over 40% of Canberra's workforce.[7][13] The major public-sector employers in Canberra include the parliament and government departments such as Department of Defence, Finance, Foreign Affairs and Trade, and Treasury. A number of Australian Defence Force establishments are located in or near Canberra, most notably the Australian Defence Force headquarters and HMAS Harman, which is a naval communications centre that is being converted into a tri-service, multiuser depot. The former RAAF Fairbairn, adjacent to the Canberra International Airport was sold to the operators of the Airport, but the base continues to be used for RAAF VIP flights. The Australian Defence Force (ADF) is the military organisation responsible for the defence of Australia. ...  Australia HMAS Harman provides Navy administrative functions to all Navy personnel located in the Canberra area (Australian Capital Territory and southern New South Wales). ... Fairbairn was a base of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) located in Australias national capital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. ... The RAAF Roundel is based on that of the British Royal Air Force, with the central circle replaced by a Kangaroo, a symbol of Australia. ... A growing number of independent software vendors have based themselves in Canberra, to capitalise on the concentration of government customers. Notable among these are QSP, Tower Software, RuleBurst and The Distillery. Property and business services, construction, health and community services, and education are other significant contributors to the economy of Canberra. TOWER Software is a software development company, founded in 1985. ... RuleBurst logo RuleBurst Limited is a Canberra, Australia-based independent software vendor that develops and distributes the RuleBurst 8 and Oasis suites of software products. ... [edit] Demographics