Candidatus Carsonella ruddii is an endosymbiotic Gamma Proteobacteria; it has the smallest genome of any characterised bacteria.^[1] In biology the genome of an organism is the whole hereditary information of an organism that is encoded in the DNA (or, for some viruses, RNA). ...

The species is an endosymbiont that is present in all species of phloem sap-feeding insects known as psyllids.^[2][3] The endosymbionts occurs in a specialised structure known as the bacteriome. In vascular plants, phloem is the living tissue that carries organic nutrients, particularly sucrose, to all parts of the plant where needed. ... Psyllids or jumping plant lice (family Psyllidae or Chermidae) are small plant-feeding insects that are very host specific, i. ... Bacteriome is the whole set of bacteria and their proteins. ...

In 2006 the genome of C. ruddii strain Pv (Carsonella-Pv) of the hackberry petiole gall psyllid, Pachypsylla venusta was sequenced at RIKEN in Japan and the University of Arizona. It was shown that the species genome consists of a circular chromosome of 159,662 base pairs and that the genome has a high coding density (97%) with many overlapping genes and reduced gene length. The number of predicted genes was 182, also lowest in record. In comparison, Mycoplasma genitalium, which has the smallest genome of any free-living organism, has a genome of 580 000 base pairs. Numerous genes considered essential for life are missing, suggesting that the species may have achieved organelle-like status.^[1] A pathovar is a bacterial strain or set of strains with the same or similar characteristics, that is differentiated at infrasubspecific level from other strains of the same species or subspecies on the basis of distinctive pathogenicity to one or more plant hosts. ... Species About 60-70 species including: Celtis australis - European Hackberry Celtis bungeana Bunges Hackberry Celtis caucasica - Caucasian Hackberry Celtis labilis - Hubei Hackberry Celtis koraiensis - Korean Hackberry Celtis jessoensis - Japanese Hackberry Celtis laevigata - Southern Hackberry Celtis occidentalis - Common hackberry Celtis reticulata - Netleaf hackberry Celtis sinensis - Chinese Hackberry Celtis tenuifolia - Georgia... RIKEN is the largest research institute for natural sciences in Japan. ... The University of Arizona (UA or U of A) is a land-grant and space-grant public institution of higher education and research located in Tucson, Arizona, United States. ... Base pairs, of a DNA molecule. ... This stylistic schematic diagram shows a gene in relation to the double helix structure of DNA and to a chromosome (right). ... Binomial name Mycoplasma genitalium Mycoplasma genitalium is a parasitic bacterium which lives in the primate genital and respiratory tracts. ... Base pairs, of a DNA molecule. ... Schematic of typical animal cell, showing subcellular components. ...

References

External links

• Candidatus Carsonella ruddii codon usage table