Canopus (also: Canobus) was an Ancient Egyptian coastal town, located in the Nile Delta. Its site is in the eastern outskirts of modern-day Alexandria, around 25 kilometres from the centre of that city. Map of Ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt was the civilization of the Nile Valley between about 3000 BCE and the conquest of Egypt by Alexander the Great in 332 BCE. As a civilization based on irrigation, it is the quintessential example of a hydraulic empire. ... The Nile Delta is the delta formed in Northern Egypt where the River Nile spreads out and drains into the Mediterranean Sea. ... Antiquity and modernity stand cheek-by-jowl in Egypts chief Mediterranean seaport Located on the Mediterranean Sea coast, Alexandria (in Arabic, الإسكندرية — al-Iskandariyah) is the chief seaport in Egypt, and that countrys second largest city, and the capital of the Al Iskandariyah governate. ...

Canopus stood on the western bank at the mouth of the westernmost branch of the River Nile – known as the Canopic or Heracleotic branch. It was the principal port in Egypt for Greek trade before the foundation of Alexandria. Early Egyptological excavations some 2 or 3 km from the area known today as Abu Qir have revealed extensive traces of the city with its quays, and granite monuments with the name of Ramesses II, but they may have been brought in for the adornment of the place at a later date. The Nile in Egypt Length 6 695 km Elevation of the source 1 134 m Average discharge 2 830 m³/s Area watershed 3 400 000 km² Origin Africa Mouth the Mediterranean Basin countries Uganda - Sudan - Egypt The Nile (Arabic: النيل an-nīl), in Africa, is one of the two... Abū Qīr (Arabic أبو قير) (also Abukir or Aboukir) was a village on the Egypt, twenty-three kilometers (fourteen and one-half miles) northeast of Alexandria by rail, containing a castle used as a state prison by Muhammad Ali of Egypt. ... Ramesses II, Abu Simbel Ramesses II (also known as Ramesses the Great and alternatively transcribed as Ramses and Rameses) was an Egyptian pharaoh. ...

The exact date of the foundation of Canopus is unknown, but Herodotus refers to it as an ancient port. Homeric myth claims that it was founded by Menelaus, and named after Canopus, the pilot of his ship, who died there after being bitten by a serpent. Homer describes how Menelaus built a monument to his memory on the shore, around which the town later grew up. This article is about Menelaus the king of Sparta. ...

In the 9th regnal year of Ptolemy III Euergetes (239 BC) a great assembly of priests at Canopus passed an honorific decree (the "Decree of Canopus") that, inter alia, conferred various new titles on the king and his consort, Berenice. Two examples of this decree are known, inscribed in hieroglyphics, demotic and Greek, and they were second only to the more famous Rosetta Stone in providing the key to decyphering the ancient Egyptian language. Ptolemy III Euergetes I, (Ptolemaeus III) (Evergetes, Euergetes) (246 BC-222 BC). ... Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC - 230s BC - 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC Years: 244 BC 243 BC 242 BC 241 BC 240 BC - 239 BC - 238 BC 237 BC... If you are looking for something or someone else named Berenice, please go here. ... Hieroglyphs are a system of writing used by the Ancient Egyptians, using a combination of logographic, syllabic, and alphabetic elements. ... Categories: Ancient Egypt stubs | Afro-Asiatic languages | Ancient Egypt | Egyptian languages | Extinct languages | Writing systems ... The Rosetta Stone solved a particularly difficult linguistic problem. ... Ebers Papyrus detailing treatment of asthma Records of the Ancient Egyptian language have been dated about 3000 BC. It is part of the Afro-Asiatic group of languages and is related to Berber and Semitic (languages such as Arabic and Hebrew). ...

A temple to Osiris was built by Ptolemy Euergetes, but, according to Herodotus, very near to Canopus was an older shrine, a temple of Heracles that served as an asylum for fugitive slaves (the Decree shows that Heracles here stands for Amun). Osiris was worshipped at Canopus under a peculiar form: that of a vase with a human head. Through an old misunderstanding, the name "canopic jars" was applied by early Egyptologists to the vases with human and animal heads in which the internal organs were placed by the Egyptians after embalming. Egyptian Museum, Cairo Osiris (Greek, also Usiris, the Egyptian name is Aser or Ausare) is the Egyptian god of Death and the Afterworld. ... Bust of Herodotus Herodotus (Greek: ΗΡΟΔΟΤΟΣ, Herodotos) was an ancient historian who lived in the 5th century BC (484 BC - c. ... For the son of Alexander the Great, see Heracles (Macedon). ... Amun was name of a major Egyptian deity, meaning the hidden one (alternative spellings Amon, Amoun, Amen, Hammon, Imenand, and Ammon). Some of Amun’s titles were “He Who Abides in All Things,” “Protector of the Road,” “Vizier of the Poor,” and “Father of the Gods. ... Among the ancient Egyptians, canopic jars were covered funerary vases, normally composed of clay, intended to keep the viscera of mummified corpses. ...

In Roman times, the town was notorious for its dissoluteness. Juvenal, in his Satire VI, referred to the "debauchery" that prevailed there. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000-5,500 years, with cuneiform possibly being the oldest form of writing. ... Note: This article is about the Roman poet, who is the most famous person by this name. ... Satire VI of Juvenal is often titled Against Women in English translation. ...

External link

• The Canopus Decree (http://nefertiti.iwebland.com/texts/canopus_decree.htm)

This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... The Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1911) in many ways represents the sum of knowledge at the beginning of the 20th century. ...