Cantarell Field or Cantarell Complex is the largest oil field in Mexico and one of the largest in the world. It was discovered in 1976 by a fisherman, Rudesindo Cantarell. In November 2006 Pemex reported that Cantarell has produced 11,492 billion barrels of oil.^[1] A Pemex gas station in Puerto Vallarta Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) is Mexicos state-owned, nationalized petroleum company. ... The Jurassic Period is a major unit of the geologic timescale that extends from about 199. ... Drilling rig in a small oil field Near Sarnia, Ontario, 2001 An oil field is an area with an abundance of oil wells extracting petroleum (oil) from below ground. ... A Pemex gas station in Puerto Vallarta Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) is Mexicos state-owned, nationalized petroleum company. ... The barrel is the name of several units of volume: Oil barrel: 42 U.S. gallons, 158. ...

It is located 80 km offshore in the Bay of Campeche. This complex comprises four major fields: Akal (by far the largest), Nohoch, Chac and Kutz. The reservoirs are formed from carbonate breccia of Upper Cretaceous age, the rubble from the asteroid impact that created the Chicxulub Crater. The recently discovered Sihil (1-1.5 billion barrels) contains light oil in Jurassic strata below the other reservoirs and is generally referred to as a separate field, although its development will obviously benefit from the infrastructure already in place above it. Cantarell's oil production peaked in 2004 and has declined in subsequent years, with further decline expected in the future.^[2] Bay of Campeche The Bay of Campeche (Spanish: Bahía de Campeche or Sonda de Campeche) is the southern bight of the Gulf of Mexico. ... Breccia, derived from the Latin word for broken, is a sedimentary rock composed of angular fragments in a matrix that may be of a similar or a different material. ... Geography of the US in the late Cretaceous Late Cretaceous (also called the Upper Cretaceous) refers to the second half of the Cretaceous period, named after the famous white chalk cliffs of southern England, which date from this time. ... Radar topography reveals the 180 kilometer (112 mile) wide ring of the crater (image courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech) Chicxulub Crater (IPA: ) (cheek-shoo-LOOB) is an ancient impact crater buried underneath the Yucatán Peninsula, with its center located approximately underneath the town of Chicxulub, Yucatán, Mexico. ... The Jurassic Period is a major unit of the geologic timescale that extends from about 199. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The first field was discovered in 1976, and by 1981 the Cantarell complex was producing 1.16 million barrels (180,000m³) per day. However, the production rate dropped to 1 million barrels (160,000 m³) per day in 1995. The nitrogen injection project started operating in 2000, and it increased the production rate to 1.6 million barrel/d (250,000 m³/d), to 1.9 million barrel/d (300,000 m³/d) in 2002 and to 2.1 million barrel/d (330,000 m³/d) of output in 2003, which ranks Cantarell the second fastest producing oil field in the world behind Ghawar Field in Saudi Arabia.^[3] Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Gregorian calendar). ... General Name, Symbol, Number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless gas Standard atomic weight 14. ... 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ghawar Field is an oil field in Saudi Arabia. ...

The nitrogen for the nitrogen injection process is supplied by the largest nitrogen production plant in the world. The plant currently consists of four production lines, each consisting of an air separation unit (ASU) powered by its own turbine generator, which is supplied with natural gas by PEMEX, and ancillary equipment. A fifth production line was under construction in late 2006. The nitrogen production plant was built by a consortium among the construction/engineering companies ICA of Mexico and Fluor Corp. of the USA, gas companies Linde and BOC Gases, Westcoast Energy of Canada, a gas pipeline company, and Marubeni. The nitrogen plant is owned and operated by a joint venture company which is majority owned by BOC Gases, which was itself in the process of being acquired by Linde in late 2006. A Pemex gas station in Puerto Vallarta Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) is Mexicos state-owned, nationalized petroleum company. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... ICA can refer to: Language Ica language, a Magdalenic Chibchan language related to Ijca spoken in Colombia, South America. ... Fluor Corporation NYSE: FLR, is an international construction and maintenance contractor for petrochemical, infrastructure, and environmental projects. ... Linde AG is an international company with three principle activity areas: industrial gases, plant engineering, and materials handling, headquartered in Wiesbaden, Germany. ... Marubeni Corporation is a Japanese trading company Contents // Categories: Stub ...

Luis Ramírez Corzo, head of PEMEX's exploration and production division, announced on August 12, 2004 that the actual oil output from Cantarell is forecast to decline steeply from 2006 onwards, at a rate of 14% per year. In March 2006 it was reported that Cantarell had already peaked, with a second year of declining production in 2005. For 2006, the field's output declined by 13.1%, according to Jesús Reyes Heróles, the director-general of PEMEX.^[4] Heróles also predicted a decline of 15% for 2007. is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Hubbert peak theory, also known as peak oil, is an influential theory concerning the long-term rate of conventional oil (and other fossil fuel) extraction and depletion. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

By 2008 it is estimated that Cantarell will only produce 1 million barrel/d (160,000 m³/d) as it continues to decline. This rapid decline is postulated to be a result of production enhancement techniques causing faster oil extraction at the expense of field longevity. 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In order to try to maintain heavy crude production in the Bay of Campeche, PEMEX is focusing its efforts on the development of the Ku-Maloob-Zaap complex in an adjacent area, which can be connected to the existing facilities of Cantarell. Ku-Maloob-Zaap complex is expected to produce 0.8 million barrel/d by the end of decade. It is a new Oil field discover by PEMEX on 2002, it is located 105 kilometers of Ciudad del Carmen, they plan to drill 82 fields and install 17 Platforms, they would also build an Oil Pipeline of 166 kilometers to transport the Production. ...

See also

• List of oil fields

It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Peak oil/Table of largest oil fields. ...

References

The Los Angeles Times (also L.A. Times) is a daily newspaper published in Los Angeles, California and distributed throughout the Western United States. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ...

External links

• Peak Oil is Now Official by Trevor Shaw, 18 March, 2006.
• Mexico Oil Production going down January 2007
• Cantarell main data
• Rigzone Article on Decline
• Cantarell is Dying (Article)
• Cantarell History and FACTS Pemex