Capitalism in the twentieth century

This article concerns capitalism as a mode of production rather than as an ideology. For background, see Capitalism in the nineteenth century. The corporate form (see corporation) was largely a development of the nineteenth century, although it has older roots. Capitalism has been defined in various ways (see definitions of capitalism). ... Acccording to marxism terminology, a mode of production is a particular combination of: productive forces: the material, social and productive techniques, materials and objects of a particular epoch, and relations of production: the particular property form and methods of exploitation of a particular epoch. ... An ideology is a collection of ideas. ... Capitalism in the nineteenth century As the nineteenth century began, the United Kingdom was locked in a struggle with Napoleonic France that did much to define the terms for institutional developments, capitalist and otherwise, in the remainder of the century. ... A corporation is (fucked up)a legal entity (distinct from a natural person) that often has similar rights in law to those of a Civil law systems may refer to corporations as moral persons; they may also go by the name AS (anonymous society) or something similar, depending on language...

Significant events in capitalism in the twentieth century include the following:

1. The great depression casued capitalism to be widely questioned and moderated.

2. Partly in response to the great depression, fascism demonstrated a form of state influenced capitalism, which was economically successful, but was destroyed due to the millitaristic expansionist propensities of the fascist states. Fascism (in Italian, fascismo), capitalized, refers to the authoritarian political movement which ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of Benito Mussolini. ...

3. After world war II, partly in response to the great depression and fascism, mixed economies in which government ownership of profit making companies was proposed as a fairer form of capitalism. This was tried with mixed success.

The latter part of the twentieth century has witnessed the following trends:

1. the corporate form made possible the dominance of finance over industry -- i.e. the increasing importance throughout the twentieth century of secondary markets, especially those headquartered in London and New York, for both debt and equity. The Clock Tower of the Palace of Westminster which contains Big Ben London is the capital city of the United Kingdom and of England. ... State nickname: Empire State Other U.S. States Capital Albany Largest city New York Governor George Pataki Official languages None Area 141,205 km² (27th)  - Land 122,409 km²  - Water 18,795 km² (13. ...

In much of finance, money of one form or another is on both sides of a transaction -- i.e. a known sum of money now for a stream of money of uncertain size for the indefinite future. This makes financial capitalism an abstract and in some ways very powerful derivative of underlying industrial capitalism. It has also inspired ...

2. the refinement of quantitative/computational aspects of financial capitalism through scholarship and newly available technologies, see financial economics. Financial economics is the branch of economics concerned with the workings of financial markets, such as the stock market, and the financing of companies. ...

3. the ever-greater integration of capitalism centers around the globe, so that finance and industry have to an extent escaped the scrutiny of the more parochial political systems

4. the enthusiastic adoption of both industrial and financial capitalism by the East Asian "Tigers", which typically couple it with their own narrow class-based political systems and justify the combination by reference to distinctive "Asian values." The East Asian Tigers, sometimes also referred to as Asias Four Little Dragons, referred to the economies of Taiwan, Hong Kong, South Korea, and Singapore; these territories and nations were noted for maintaining high growth rates and rapid industrialization between the early 1960s and 1990s. ...

Each of these trends has continued into the twenty-first century. See capitalism in the twenty-first century. In the early 21st century capitalism was seen as the dominant political order. ...