NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Caprine

A goat antelope is any of the species of mostly medium-sized bovids that make up the subfamily Caprinae or the single species in subfamily Pantholopinae. The domestic sheep and domestic goat are both part of the goat antelope group, and the group itself is part of the family Bovidae, which in other branches contains the antelopes and domestic cattle. In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biodiversity. ... Subfamilies Bovinae Cephalophinae Hippotraginae Antilopinae Caprinae A bovid is any of almost 140 species of cloven-hoofed mammals belonging to the family Bovidae. ... Species See text. ... Species See Species and subspecies The goat is a mammal in the genus Capra, which consists of nine species: the Ibex, the West Caucasian Tur, the East Caucasian Tur, the Markhor, and the Wild Goat. ... In biological classification, family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is 1) a rank or 2) a taxon in that rank. ... Subfamilies Bovinae Cephalophinae Hippotraginae Antilopinae Caprinae A bovid is any of almost 140 species of cloven-hoofed mammals belonging to the family Bovidae. ... Genera Aepyceros Alcelaphus Antidorcas Antilope Cephalophus Connochaetes Damaliscus Gazella Hippotragus Kobus Madoqua Neotragus Oreotragus Oryx Ourebia Pantholops Procapra Sylvicapra Taurotragus Tragelaphus and others Antelopes are a group of herbivorous African and Asian animals of the family Bovidae, distinguished by a pair of hollow horns on their heads. ... Binomial name Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle (called cows in vernacular and contemporary usage, kine or kyne in pre-modern English, or kye as the Scots plural of cou) are domesticated ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovinae of the family Bovidae. ...

The goat antelope or caprid group is known from as early as the Miocene, but did not reach its greatest diversity until the recent ice ages, when many of its members became specialised for marginal, often extreme, environments: mountains, deserts, and the sub-Arctic region. In consequence, although most goat antelopes are gregarious and have a fairly stocky build, they diverge in many other ways. The Musk Ox, Ovibos moschatus, became adapted to the extreme cold of the tundra; the Rocky Mountain Goat, Oreamnos americanus, of North America specialised in very rugged terrain; the Urial, Ovis orientalis, occupied a largely infertile area from Kashmir to Iran, including much desert country. The European Mouflon, Ovis musimon, is thought to be the ancestor of the modern Domestic Sheep, Ovis aries. The Miocene epoch is a period of time that extends from about 23 to 5. ... Variations in CO2, temperature and dust from the Vostok ice core over the last 400 000 years For the animated movie, see Ice Age (movie). ... The red line indicates the 10Â°C isotherm in July, commonly used to define the Arctic region border Satellite image of the Arctic surface The Arctic is the area around the Earths North Pole, opposite the Antarctican area around the South Pole. ... Binomial name Ovibos moschatus (Zimmermann, 1780) The Musk ox (Ovibos moschatus) is a bovine noted for its thick coat and for the strong odor of the male. ... In physical geography, tundra is an area where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. ... Binomial name Oreamnos americanus (Blainville, 1816) The Rocky Mountain Goat, (Oreamnos americanus) often called simply Mountain Goat, is a large hoofed mammal found only in North America, in the Rocky Mountains and Coast Mountains regions, from northern Washington through British Columbia into the southern Yukon and southwestern Alaska. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... Binomial name Ovis vignei Blyth, 1841 The Urial is a medium-sized wild sheep and as such is considered a member of the goat antelope subfamily. ... For the dispute concerning this region, see History of the Kashmir conflict Shown in green is the region under Pakistani administration. ... Binomial name Ovis musimon or Ovis ammon musimon Pallas, 1762 European Mouflons drawing The European Mouflon is a species of wild sheep and as such is one of the Caprinae or goat antelopes. It is thought to be one of the two ancestors for all modern domestic sheep breeds. ... Binomial name Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758 The domestic sheep (Ovis aries), the most common species of the sheep genus (Ovis), is a woolly ruminant quadruped which probably descends from the wild mouflon of south-central and south-west Asia. ...

Many of the ice age species are now extinct, probably largely because of human interaction. Of the survivors: Variations in CO2, temperature and dust from the Vostok ice core over the last 400 000 years For the animated movie, see Ice Age (movie). ...

Members of the group vary considerably in size, from just over a metre for a full-grown Gray Goral, Nemorhaedus goral, to almost 2.5 metres for a Musk Ox, and from under 30 kg to more than 350 kg. Musk Oxen in captivity have reached over 650 kg. Species Nemorhaedus goral Nemorhaedus caudatus Nemorhaedus baileyi Nemorhaedus crispus Nemorhaedus swinhoei Nemorhaedus sumatraensis The genus Nemorhaedus includes six small species of ungulate with a goat-like or antelope-like appearance. ...

In lifestyle, the caprids fall into two broad classes, resource defenders which are territorial and defend a small, food-rich area against other members of the same species, and grazers, which gather together into herds and roam freely over a larger, usually relatively infertile area.

The resource defenders are the more primitive group: they tend to be smaller in size, dark in colour, males and females fairly alike, have long, tasselated ears, a long mane, and dagger-shaped horns. The grazers evolved more recently. They tend to be larger, highly social, and rather than mark territory with scent glands, they have highly evolved dominance behaviours. There is no sharp dividing line between the groups, just a continuum between the serows at one end of the spectrum and sheep, true goats, and Musk Oxen at the other.

The ancestors of the modern sheep and goats (both rather vague and ill-defined terms) are thought to have moved into mountainous regions: sheep becoming specialised occupants of the foothills and nearby plains, and relying on flight and clumping for defence against predators; goats adapting to very steep terrain where predators are at a disadvantage.

Classification

FAMILY BOVIDAE Binomial name Oreamnos americanus (Blainville, 1816) The Rocky Mountain Goat, (Oreamnos americanus) often called simply Mountain Goat, is a large hoofed mammal found only in North America, in the Rocky Mountains and Coast Mountains regions, from northern Washington through British Columbia into the southern Yukon and southwestern Alaska. ... Subfamilies Bovinae Cephalophinae Hippotraginae Antilopinae Caprinae A bovid is any of almost 140 species of cloven-hoofed mammals belonging to the family Bovidae. ...

Categories: Bovids | Caprids Tribes Bovini Boselaphini Strepsicerotini The biological subfamily Bovinae includes a diverse group of about 24 species of medium-sized to large ungulates, including domestic cattle, Bison, the Water Buffalo, the Yak, and the four-horned and spiral-horned antelopes. ... Genera Cephalophus Sylvicapra A duiker is any of about 19 small to medium-sized antelope species native to sub-Saharan Africa. ... Genera Hippotragus Oryx Addax A grazing antelope is any of the 6 species of antelope that make up the subfamily Hippotraginae in the family Bovidae, which also includes sheep, goats, and cattle. ... Genera See text Antilopinae is a subfamily of Bovidae. ... Binomial name Ammotragus lervia Pall. ... Binomial name Ammotragus lervia Pall. ... Binomial name Budorcas taxicolor Hodgson, 1850 The Takin (Budorcas taxicolor) is a goat-antelope found in heavily forested areas of the Eastern Himalayas. ... Binomial name Budorcas taxicolor Hodgson, 1850 The Takin (Budorcas taxicolor) is a goat-antelope found in heavily forested areas of the Eastern Himalayas. ... Species See Species and subspecies The genus Capra is a genus of mammals consisting of nine species, including the Ibex, the West Caucasian Tur, the East Caucasian Tur, the Markhor, and the Wild Goat. ... Binomial name Capra aegagrus Erxleben, 1777 Subspecies Capra aegagrus aegagrus Capra aegagrus blythi Capra aegagrus chialtanensis Capra aegagrus cretica Capra aegagrus hircus Capra aegagrus turcmenica The Wild Goat (Capra aegagrus) is a common type of goat. ... Binomial name Capra caucasica GÃ¼ldenstaedt and Pallas, 1783 The West Caucasian Tur (Capra caucasica) is a mountain dwelling goat antelope found only in the western half of the Caucasus Mountain range. ... Binomial name Capra cylindricornis Blyth, 1841 The East Caucasian Tur (Capra cylindricornis) is a mountain dwelling goat antelope found only in the eastern half of the Caucasus Mountains. ... Binomial name Capra falconeri (Wagner, 1839) The Markhor (Capra falconeri) is a goat-antelope found in sparse woodland in the Western Himalayas. ... Binomial name Capra ibex Linnaeus, 1758 The Alpine Ibex or Capra Ibex (is commonly called by its German name, steinbock) is the species of Ibex that lives in the European Alps. ... Binomial name Capra nubiana F. Cuvier, 1825 The Nubian Ibex (Capra nubiana) is a rocky desert dwelling goat antelope found in mountainous areas of Israel, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Egypt and Sudan. ... A tahr, genus Hemitragus, can be any of three species of mountain-dwelling Asian goat antelopes. ... Binomial name Nilgiritragus hylocrius (Ogilby, 1838) The Nilgiri Tahr (Nilgiritragus hylocrius) ungulate native to the Nilgiri Hills and the southern portion of the Western Ghats range in Tamil Nadu and Kerala states of southernmost India. ... Binomial name Hemitragus jemlahicus (H. Smith, 1826) The Himalayan tahr (Hemitragus jemlahicus) is a large ungulate and a close relative to the wild goat, with its habitat in the rugged wooded hills and mountain slopes of the Himalaya from northern India to Tibet, They spend the summers grazing in high... Species Nemorhaedus goral Nemorhaedus caudatus Nemorhaedus baileyi Nemorhaedus crispus Nemorhaedus swinhoei Nemorhaedus sumatraensis The genus Nemorhaedus includes six small species of ungulate with a goat-like or antelope-like appearance. ... Binomial name Nemorhaedus crispus Temminck, 1845 The Japanese Serow, or Kamoshika (Nemorhaedus crispus) is a goat-antelope found in dense woodland on Honshu, Japan. ... Binomial name Nemorhaedus goral (Hardwicke, 1825) The Gray Goral, Nemorhaedus goral, is a small, rough-haired, cylindrical-horned ruminant native to the Himalayas. ... Binomial name Oreamnos americanus (de Blainville, 1816) The Rocky Mountain Goat, (Oreamnos americanus) often called simply Mountain Goat, is a large hoofed mammal found only in North America, in the Rocky Mountains and Coast Mountains regions, from northern Washington through British Columbia into the southern Yukon and southwestern Alaska. ... Binomial name Oreamnos americanus (Blainville, 1816) The Rocky Mountain Goat, (Oreamnos americanus) often called simply Mountain Goat, is a large hoofed mammal found only in North America, in the Rocky Mountains and Coast Mountains regions, from northern Washington through British Columbia into the southern Yukon and southwestern Alaska. ... Binomial name Ovibos moschatus (Zimmermann, 1780) The Musk Ox (Ovibos moschatus) is an arctic mammal of the Bovidae family, noted for its thick coat and for the strong odor of the male. ... Binomial name Ovibos moschatus (Zimmermann, 1780) The Musk ox (Ovibos moschatus) is a bovine noted for its thick coat and for the strong odor of the male. ... Kting Voar (Pseudonovibos spiralis) or jungle sheep, is a cryptozoological mountain goat of Kampuche (Cambodia), called linh dong (mountain goat) in Vietnamese. ... Species See text. ... Argali, or the mountain sheep (species Ovis ammon) is the globally endangered wild sheep, which roams the highlands of Central Asia (Himalaya, Tibet, Altay). ... Binomial name Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758 The domestic sheep (Ovis aries), the most common species of the sheep genus (Ovis), is a woolly ruminant quadruped which probably descends from the wild mouflon of south-central and south-west Asia. ... Binomial name Ovis canadensis Shaw, 1804 Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis) is a species of sheep in the continental United States with several subspecies. ... Binomial name Ovis dalli Nelson, 1884 The Dall Sheep (originally Dalls Sheep, sometimes called Thinhorn Sheep), Ovis dalli, is a wild sheep of the mountainous regions of northwest North America, ranging from white to slate brown and having curved yellowish brown horns. ... Binomial name Ovis musimon or Ovis ammon musimon Pallas, 1762 European Mouflons drawing The European Mouflon is a species of wild sheep and as such is one of the Caprinae or goat antelopes. It is thought to be one of the two ancestors for all modern domestic sheep breeds. ... Binomial name Ovis vignei Blyth, 1841 The Urial is a medium-sized wild sheep and as such is considered a member of the goat antelope subfamily. ... Binomial name Pseudois nayaur Hodgson, 1833 The bharal or Himalayan blue sheep is a caprid found in the high Himalayas of Nepal, Tibet, China, and Jammu and Kashmir. ... Binomial name Rupicapra pyrenaica (Bonaparte, 1845) The Pyrenean Chamois, (French: Izard or Isard, Spanish Rebeco or Sarrio, Catalan: Isard ) Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica is a Goat antelope that lives in the Pyrenees, Cantabrian Mountains and Apennine Mountains. ... Binomial name Rupicapra rupicapra (Linnaeus, 1758) The chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) is a large, goat-like animal that lives in the European Alps and Carpathians. ... ... Binomial name Pantholops hodgsonii Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii), also commonly called the chiru, is a medium sized antelope which is about four feet in height, native to the Tibetan plateau. ...

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Classification