| Joint capsule | | | | Diagrammatic section of a diarthrodial joint. | | Latin | capsulae articulares | | Gray's | subject #68 282 | The joint capsules or articular capsules form complete envelopes for the freely movable bone joints. Image File history File links Gray299. ...
Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ...
Grays Anatomy illustration of a human femur. ...
This article is about a joint in zootomical anatomy. ...
Each capsule consists of two layers — an outer layer (stratum fibrosum) composed of white fibrous tissue, and an inner layer (stratum synoviale) which is a secreting layer, and is usually described separately as the synovial membrane. The synovium or synovial membrane is a thin, weak layer of tissue which lines the non-cartilaginous surfaces within the joint space, sealing it from the surrounding tissue. ...
Fibrous capsule
The fibrous capsule is attached to the whole circumference of the articular end of each bone entering into the joint, and thus entirely surrounds the joint. It serves to keep certain proteins out.
Synovial membrane The synovial membrane invests the inner surface of the fibrous capsule, and is reflected over any tendons passing through the joint cavity, as the tendon of the popliteus muscle in the knee, and the tendon of the biceps brachii muscle in the shoulder. A tendon (or sinew) is a tough band of fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone, or muscle to muscle. ...
The Popliteus muscle is a muscle of the human body. ...
In human anatomy, the knee is the lower extremity joint connecting the femur and the tibia. ...
In human anatomy, the biceps brachii is a muscle located on the upper arm. ...
It is composed of a thin, delicate, connective tissue, with branched connective-tissue corpuscles. It secretes synovial fluid which lubricates and provides nutrients to the joint. The fluid is thick, viscid and glairy, like the white of an egg, and is hence termed synovia, from the Latin for egg. The membrane contains blood vessels, and more active joints receive more blood supply. Synovial fluid is a thin, stringy fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints. ...
An egg yolk surrounded by the egg white. ...
An egg yolk surrounded by the egg white. ...
In the fetus this membrane is said, by Toynbee, to be continued over the surfaces of the cartilages; but in the adult such a continuation is wanting, excepting at the circumference of the cartilage, upon which it encroaches for a short distance and to which it is firmly attached. Cartilage is a type of dense connective tissue. ...
In some of the joints the synovial membrane is thrown into folds which pass across the cavity; they are especially distinct in the knee. In other joints there are flattened folds, subdivided at their margins into fringe-like processes which contain convoluted vessels.
These folds generally project from the synovial membrane near the margin of the cartilage, and lie flat upon its surface.
They consist of connective tissue, covered with endothelium, and contain fat cells in variable quantities, and, more rarely, isolated cartilage cells; the larger folds often contain considerable quantities of fat. The endothelium is the layer of thin, flat cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. ...
Types of connective tissue Adipose tissue is an anatomical term for loose connective tissue composed of adipocytes. ...
The joint capsule is comprised of Type A and B synoviocytes. Impurities in the synovial fluid are removed by the Type A cells while the Type B cells secrete a lubricant called hyaluronan. Hyaluronan (also called hyaluronic acid or hyaluronate) is a glycosaminoglycan distributed widely throughout connective, epithelial, and neural tissues. ...
References Kahle, W., Leonhardt, H. & Platzer, W. (1978), Color Atlas and Textbook of Human Anatomy Volume 1: Locomotor System, Chicago and London: Year Book Medical Publishers.
Diseases Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) is a disorder in which the shoulder capsule becomes inflamed and stiff. With frozen shoulder – as the name implies – movement of the shoulder is severely restricted. ...
The human upper arm Grays Fig. ...
Additional images Left clavicle. Inferior surface. Image File history File links Gray201. ...
| Right hip bone. External surface. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (793x911, 133 KB) Source Originally from en. ...
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External links This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant. The Medical University of Vienna is autonomous since 1 January 2004. ...
The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...
An illustration from the 1918 edition Henry Grays Anatomy of the Human Body, commonly known as Grays Anatomy, is an anatomy textbook widely regarded as a classic work on human anatomy. ...
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