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Encyclopedia > Carcinoembryonic antigen
carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5
Identifiers
Symbol CEACAM5 CEA
HUGO 1817
Entrez 1048
OMIM 114890
RefSeq NM_004363
UniProt P06731
Other data
Locus Chr. 19 q13.1-13.2

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion. It is normally produced during fetal development, but the production of CEA stops before birth. Therefore, it is not usually present in the blood of healthy adults, although levels are raised in heavy smokers. CEA was first identified in 1965 by Phil Gold and Samuel O. Freedman in human colon cancer tissue extracts.[1] It was found that serum from individuals with colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, lung and breast carcinomas had higher levels of CEA than healthy individuals. CEA measurement is mainly used to identify recurrences after surgical resection. Elevated CEA levels should return to normal after surgical resection, as elevation of CEA during follow up is an indicator of recurrence of tumour. CEA levels may also be raised in some non-neoplastic conditions like ulcerative colitis, pancreatitis and cirrhosis. Hugo is a masculine name. ... The Entrez logo The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System allows access to databases at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website. ... The Mendelian Inheritance in Man project is a database that catalogues all the known diseases with a genetic component, and - when possible - links them to the relevant genes in the human genome. ... The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM), which is a branch of the US National Institutes of Health. ... Swiss-Prot is a curated biological database of protein sequences created in 1986 by Amos Bairoch during his PhD and developed by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and the European Bioinformatics Institute. ... Short and long arms Chromosome. ... Chromosome 19 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. ... A glycoprotein is a macromolecule composed of a protein and a carbohydrate (an oligosaccharide). ... Schematic of cell adhesion The study of cell adhesion is part of cell biology. ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... Phil Gold (born September 17, 1936), CC, OQ, MD, PhD, FRS(C), FRCP(C), MACP is a Canadian physician, scientist, and professor. ... Samuel Orkin Freedman, O.C., C.Q., B.Sc. ... Diagram of the stomach, colon, and rectum Colorectal cancer includes cancerous growths in the colon, rectum and appendix. ... Blood plasma is the liquid component of blood, in which the blood cells are suspended. ... In medicine, carcinoma is any cancer that arises from epithelial cells. ... Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas. ... Cirrhosis of the liver is a consequence of chronic liver disease characterized by replacement of liver tissue by fibrotic scar tissue as well as regenerative nodules, leading to progressive loss of liver function. ...


CEA and related genes make up the CEA family belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. In humans, the carcinoembryonic antigen family consists of 29 genes, 18 of which are normally expressed.[2] This stylistic schematic diagram shows a gene in relation to the double helix structure of DNA and to a chromosome (right). ... Schematic of antibody binding to an antigen An antibody is a protein complex used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses. ...


References

  1. ^ Gold P, Freedman SO. Demonstration of tumor-specific antigens in human colonic carcinomata by immunological tolerance and absorption techniques. J Exp Med 1965;121:439. PMID 14270243.
  2. ^ Hammarstrom S. The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family: structures, suggested functions and expression in normal and malignant tissues. Semin Cancer Biol 1999;9:67-81. PMID 10202129.

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External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay And Immunohistochemical Localisation Of Carcinoembryonic Antigen In Ovarian Neoplasia (3923 words)
The measurement of tumour-associated antigens as tumour markers in the serum is useful for early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and the determination of remission after therapy in cases of malignancy.
It must also be understood that a tumour -associated antigen is not always present in all the cells forming the tumour and may also be detected in other tumours or normal organs.
Carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate determinant 19 -9 in ovarian tumours.
The Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA): Past, Present, and Future [MJM 1997 3: 46-66] (15916 words)
The expression of mouse biliary glycoprotein, a carcinoembryonic antigen-related gene, is down-regulated in malignant mouse tissues.
Sensitivity of monoclonal antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen, tissue polypeptide antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, carbohydrate antigen 50, and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in the diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma.
Carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha l-antitrypsin, trypsin, and alpha-fetoprotein in the pancreas of patients with cystic fibrosis.
  More results at FactBites »

 

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