Carl Benz

Carl Friedrich Benz^[1] (November 25, 1844 – April 4, 1929) was a German engine designer and automobile engineer, generally regarded as the inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile. Other German contemporaries, Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach, also worked independently on the same type of invention, but Benz patented his work first and, after that, patented all of the processes that made the internal combustion engine feasible for use in automobiles. In 1886 Benz was granted a patent for his first engine, which he designed in 1878. This image is in the public domain in the United States and possibly other jurisdictions. ... This image is in the public domain in the United States and possibly other jurisdictions. ... November 25 is the 329th day of the year (330th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jan. ... April 4 is the 94th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (95th in leap years). ... Year 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Look up engineer in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Inventor (disambiguation). ... Gasoline or petrol is a petroleum-derived liquid mixture consisting mostly of hydrocarbons and enhanced with benzene or iso-octane to increase octane ratings, used as fuel in internal combustion engines. ... Karl Benzs Velo (vélo means bicycle in French) model (1894) - entered into the first automobile race 2005 MINI Cooper S. An automobile (also motor car or simply car) is a wheeled passenger vehicle that carries its own motor. ... Gottlieb Daimler Gottlieb Wilhelm Daimler (March 17, 1834 - March 6, 1900) was an engineer, industrial designer and industrialist, born in Schorndorf (Kingdom of Württemberg) what is now Germany. ... Wilhelm Maybach Wilhelm Maybach (February 9, 1846 – December 29, 1929), was an early German engine designer and industrialist. ... A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state to a patentee for a fixed period of time in exchange for a disclosure of an invention. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

In 1885, Benz patented a water-cooled engine powered by an only cylinder, wich he would later use to create the Motorwagen, the first commercial automobile, powered by a gasoline engine, which was his own four-stroke design. The automobile had three wheels, being steered by the front wheel and with the passengers and the engine being supported by the two wheels in the rear—some now refer to it as the Tri-Car. After developing a successful gas-powered two-stroke piston engine in 1873, Karl Benz focused on developing a motorized vehicle. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Among other things, he invented the speed regulation system known also as an accelerator, ignition using sparks from a battery, the spark plug, the clutch, the gear shift, the water radiator, and the carburetor.^{[citation needed]} A small variety of cars, the most popular kind of automobile. ... A small variety of cars, the most popular kind of automobile. ... The ignition system of an internal-combustion engine is an important part of the overall engine system that provides for the timely burning of the fuel mixture within the engine. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... A Pair of AA Eveready Alkaline Cells Symbols representing a single Cell (top) and Battery (bottom), used in circuit diagrams. ... This article or section should include material from Spark gap A spark plug is an electrical device that fits into the cylinder head of some internal combustion engines and ignites compressed aerosol gasoline by means of an electric spark. ... For other uses, see Clutch (disambiguation). ... The gear shifting is the part of the gearbox which has the shift forks and allows the contact from the driver to the synchronisation. ... Radiators and convectors are types of heat exchangers designed to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling and heating. ... Bendix-Technico (Stromberg) 1-barrel downdraft carburetor model BXUV-3, with nomenclature The carburetor, carburettor, or carburetter (see spelling differences), also called carb (in North America) or carbie (chiefly in Australia) for short, is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. ...

In 1893 Benz also introduced the axle-pivot steering system in his Victoria model. The Benz Victoria was designed for two passengers and intended to be sold for a lower cost to encourage mass production of the automobile. An axle is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. ... Steering is the term applied to the collection of components, linkages, etc. ... Mass production is the production of large amounts of standardised products on production lines. ...

In 1896 , Benz designed and patented the first internal combustion flat engine with horizontally-opposed pistons, a design that is still used in some high performance engines used in racing cars. The Boxer engine A flat engine is an internal combustion engine with its pistons parallel to the ground. ... Auto racing (also known as automobile racing or autosport) is a sport involving racing automobiles. ...

Benz founded the Benz Company, precursor of Daimler-Benz, Mercedes-Benz, and DaimlerChrysler. Before dying he would witness the explosion of automobile use during the 1920s, thanks to his inventions. Daimler-Benz AG was founded on May 1, 1924 by the merger of Benz & Cie. ... This page is about the Mercedes-Benz brand of automobiles and trucks from the DaimlerChrysler automobile manufacturer. ... DaimlerChrysler AG (ISIN: DE0007100000) is a German car corporation and the worlds fifth largest car manufacturer. ...

Early life

Carl Benz (Related to the Benz family today)^{[citation needed]} was born Karl Friedrich Michael Vaillant,^{[citation needed]} in Karlsruhe, Baden (now part of Germany), to locomotive driver Johann George Benz and Josephine Vaillant. When he was two years old, his father was killed in a railway accident, and his name was changed to Karl Friedrich Benz in remembrance of his father. Karlsruhe (population 285,812 in 2006) is a city in the south west of Germany, in the Bundesland Baden-Württemberg, located near the French-German border. ... Baden is a historical state in the southwest of Germany, on the right bank of the Rhine. ... Great Western Railway No. ...

Despite living near poverty, his mother strove to give him a good education. Benz attended the local Grammar School in Karlsruhe and was a prodigious student. In 1853, at the age of nine he started at the scientifically oriented Lyzeum. Next he studied in the Poly-Technical University under the instruction of Ferdinand Redtenbacher. Grammar school can refer to various types of schools in different English-speaking countries. ... A child prodigy is someone who is a master of one or more skills or arts at an early age. ... The Universität Karlsruhe (TH) is a mainly technical university in the city of Karlsruhe, Germany and is a leading research university: It is among the five universities in Germany with the strongest effort in research. ... Ferdinand Jakob Redtenbacher (* July 25th 1809 in Steyr; † April 16th 1863 in Karlsruhe) is considered as the founder of science-based mechanical engineering. ...

Benz had originally focused his studies on locksmithing, but eventually followed his father's steps toward locomotive engineering. On September 30, 1860, at age fifteen he passed the entrance exam for mechanical engineering at the University of Karlsruhe which he subsequently attended. He graduated on July 9, 1864. Locksmithing began as the science and art of making and defeating locks. ... September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Mechanical engineering is an engineering discipline that involves the application of principles of physics for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. ... The Universität Karlsruhe (TH) is a mainly technical university in the city of Karlsruhe, Germany and is a leading research university: It is among the five universities in Germany with the strongest effort in research. ... July 9 is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 175 days remaining. ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ...

During these years, while riding his bicycle he started to envision concepts for a vehicle that would eventually become the horseless carriage. “Velo” redirects here. ... The automotive Brass Era is the first period of automotive manufacturing, named for the prominent brass fittings used during this time for such things as lights and radiators. ...

Following his formal education, Benz had seven years of professional training in several companies, but did not fit well in any of them. The training started in Karlsruhe with two years of varied jobs in a mechanical engineering company. He then moved to Mannheim to work as a draftsman and designer in a scales factory. In 1868 he went to Pforzheim to work for a bridge building company Gebrüder Benckiser Eisenwerke und Maschinenfabrik. Finally, he went to Vienna for a short period to work at an iron construction company. A German classroom, dating to the 1930s. ... A professional can be either a person in a profession (certain types of skilled work requiring formal training / education) or in sports (a sportsman / sportwoman doing sports for payment). ... Training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relates to specific useful skills obtained thru time. ... Mechanical engineering is an engineering discipline that involves the application of principles of physics for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. ... Mannheim is a city in Germany. ... Technical drawing, also known as drafting or draughting, is the practise of creating accurate representations of objects for technical, architecture and engineering drawings. ... Designer is a broad term for a person who designs any of a variety of things. ... Digital kitchen scales. ... Pforzheim is a town of 119,000 inhabitants in the state of Baden-Württemberg, south-west Germany at the gate to the Black Forest. ... A log bridge in the French Alps near Vallorcine. ... Vienna (German: , see also other names) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... General Name, Symbol, Number iron, Fe, 26 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 8, 4, d Appearance lustrous metallic with a grayish tinge Standard atomic weight 55. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Benz's Factory and his first inventions (1871 to 1882)

Replica of the Benz Patent Motorwagen built in 1885

In 1871, at the age of twenty-seven, Benz joined August Ritter in launching a mechanical workshop in Mannheim, also dedicated to supplying construction materials: the Iron Foundry and Mechanical Workshop, later renamed, Factory for Machines for Sheet-metal Working. Download high resolution version (1164x1141, 224 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1164x1141, 224 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... After developing a successful gas-powered two-stroke piston engine in 1873, Karl Benz focused on developing a motorized vehicle. ... Bill Ritter (born August William Ritter Jr. ... Mannheim is a city in Germany. ...

The enterprise's first year was a complete disaster. Ritter turned out to be unreliable and local authorities confiscated the business. Benz then bought out Ritter's share in the company using the dowry provided by the father of his fiancée, Bertha Ringer. An engagement is an agreement by a couple to enter into marriage at some future time, usually accompanied by a formal or informal announcement to friends and family. ... Bertha Benz, born Bertha Ringer (born May 3, 1849 in Pforzheim, Germany, married inventor Karl Benz on July 20, 1872, and died May 5, 1944 in Ladenburg), was the first person to drive an automobile over a long distance. ...

In July 20, 1872 Benz and Ringer married, later having five children: Eugen (1873), Richard (1874), Clara (1877), Thilde (1882), and Ellen (1890). July 20 is the 201st day (202nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 164 days remaining. ... Year 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Despite such business misfortunes, Benz led in the development of new engines. To get more revenues, in 1878 he began to work on new patents. First, he concentrated all his efforts on creating a reliable gas two-stroke engine, based on Nikolaus Otto's design of the four-stroke engine . A patent on the design by Otto had been declared void. Benz finished his two-stroke engine on December 31, 1878, New Year's Eve, and was granted a patent for it in 1879 . An engine is something that produces an effect from a given input. ... A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state to a patentee for a fixed period of time in exchange for a disclosure of an invention. ... The two-stroke cycle of an internal combustion engine differs from the more common four-stroke cycle by completing the same four processes (intake, compression, power, exhaust) in only two strokes of the piston rather than four. ... Nikolaus August Otto (June 14, 1832 - January 28, 1891) was the German inventor of the internal-combustion engine. ... Today Internal combustion engines in cars, trucks, motorcycles, construction machinery and many others, most commonly use a four-stroke cycle. ... December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

Benz showed his real genius, however, through his successive inventions registered while designing what would become the production standard for his two-stroke engine. Benz soon patented the speed regulation system, the ignition using sparks with battery, the spark plug, the carburetor, the clutch, the gear shift, and the water radiator. A genius is a person of great intelligence. ... In music, an invention is a short composition with two or three part counterpoint. ... The word standard has several meanings: Originally, standard referred to a conspicuous object used as a rallying point in battle. ... A small variety of cars, the most popular kind of automobile. ... The ignition system of an internal-combustion engine is an important part of the overall engine system that provides for the timely burning of the fuel mixture within the engine. ... A Pair of AA Eveready Alkaline Cells Symbols representing a single Cell (top) and Battery (bottom), used in circuit diagrams. ... This article or section should include material from Spark gap A spark plug is an electrical device that fits into the cylinder head of some internal combustion engines and ignites compressed aerosol gasoline by means of an electric spark. ... Bendix-Technico (Stromberg) 1-barrel downdraft carburetor model BXUV-3, with nomenclature The carburetor, carburettor, or carburetter (see spelling differences), also called carb (in North America) or carbie (chiefly in Australia) for short, is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. ... For other uses, see Clutch (disambiguation). ... The gear shifting is the part of the gearbox which has the shift forks and allows the contact from the driver to the synchronisation. ... Radiators and convectors are types of heat exchangers designed to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling and heating. ...

Benz's Gasmotoren-Fabrik Mannheim (1882 to 1883)

Problems arose again when the banks at Mannheim demanded that Benz's Gas Factory enterprise be incorporated due to the high production costs it maintained. Benz was forced to improvise an association with photographer Emil Bühler and his brother (a cheese merchant), in order to get additional bank support. The company became the joint-stock company Gasmotoren Fabrik Mannheim in 1882. “Banker” redirects here. ... Incorporation (abbreviated Inc. ... This is a list of notable photographers in the art, documentary and fashion traditions. ... Cheese is a solid food made from the milk of cows, goats, sheep, and other mammals. ... A joint stock company is a special kind of partnership. ...

After all the necessary agreements, Benz was unhappy because he was left with merely 5% of the shares and a modest position as director. Worst of all, his ideas weren't considered when designing new products, so he withdrew from that corporation just one year later, in 1883. See stock (disambiguation) for other meanings of the term stock A stock, also referred to as a share, is commonly a share of ownership in a corporation. ...

Benz & Cie. and the Motorwagen

Benz's lifelong hobby brought him to a bicycle repair shop in Mannheim owned by Max Rose and Friedrich Wilhelm Eßlinger. In 1883 the three founded a new company producing industrial machines: Benz & Company Rheinische Gasmotoren-Fabrik, usually referred to as, Benz & Cie. Quickly growing to twenty-five employees, it soon began to produce gas engines as well. A hobby is a spare-time recreational pursuit. ... Karl Benz Replica of the Benz Patent Motorwagen built in 1885 Karl Friedrich Benz (November 25, 1844 – April 4, 1929) was a German automobile engineer, generally regarded as the inventor of the petrol-powered automobile. ...

The company gave Benz the opportunity to indulge in his old passion of designing a horseless carriage. Based on his experience with, and fondness for, bicycles, he used similar technology when he created an automobile with a four-stroke engine of his own design between the rear wheels. Power was transmitted by means of two roller chains to the rear axle. Benz finished his creation in 1885 and named it the Benz Patent Motorwagen. It was the first automobile entirely designed as such, not simply a motorized carriage, which is why Benz is regarded by many as the inventor of the automobile. Karl Benzs Velo (vélo means bicycle in French) model (1894) - entered into the first automobile race 2005 MINI Cooper S. An automobile (also motor car or simply car) is a wheeled passenger vehicle that carries its own motor. ... Roller chain and sprocket Roller chain or bush roller chain is the type of chain most commonly used for transmission of mechanical power on bicycles, motorcycles, and in industrial and agricultural machinery. ... After developing a successful gas-powered two-stroke piston engine in 1873, Karl Benz focused on developing a motorized vehicle. ... For other uses, see Inventor (disambiguation). ... Karl Benzs Velo (vélo means bicycle in French) model (1894) - entered into the first automobile race 2005 MINI Cooper S. An automobile (also motor car or simply car) is a wheeled passenger vehicle that carries its own motor. ...

The beginnings of the Motorwagen in 1885 were less than spectacular. The tests often attracted many onlookers who laughed mockingly when it smashed against a wall because it initially was so difficult to control. The Motorwagen was patented on January 29, 1886 as DRP-37435: "automobile fueled by gas".^[2] The first successful tests were carried out in the early summer of 1886 on public roads. The next year Benz created the Motorwagen Model 2 which had several modifications, and in 1887, the definitive Model 3 with wooden wheels was introduced. January 29 is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1886 (MDCCCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article describes the wood that comprises trees and boards. ...

Benz began to sell the vehicle—advertising it as the Benz Patent Motorwagen—making it the first commercially available automobile in history. The first customer, in late summer of 1888, is alleged later to have been committed to an insane asylum. The second buyer, the Parisian Emile Roger, who purchased an 1888 Benz, had a profound effect on Benz's success. Roger had been building Benz engines under a license from Benz for several years, and in 1888, decided to add his automobiles to the line. Many of the early Benz automobiles were indeed built in France and sold by Roger, since the Parisians were more inclined to purchase automobiles at the time. To license or grant license is to give permission. ...

Early customers faced significant problems. At the time, gasoline was available only from pharmacies that sold it as a cleaning product, and they didn't stock it in large quantities. The early-1888 version of the Motorwagen had to be pushed when driving up a steep hill. This limitation was rectified after Berta Benz made her famous trip driving one of the vehicles a great distance and suggested to her husband the addition of another gear. The popular story goes that, on the morning of August 5, 1888, Berta Benz took this vehicle (without the knowledge of her husband), and embarked on a 106 km (65 miles) trip from Mannheim to Pforzheim to visit her mother, taking her sons Eugen and Richard with her. In addition to having to locate fuel at pharmacies on the way, she also overcame various technical problems and finally arrived at nightfall, announcing the achievement to Benz by telegram. Today the event is celebrated in Germany with an antique automobile rally. Bertha Benz, born Bertha Ringer, was the first person who drove a car over a longer distance. ... Pforzheim is a town of 119,000 inhabitants in the state of Baden-Württemberg, south-west Germany at the gate to the Black Forest. ... Telegraphy (from the Greek words tele = far away and grapho = write) is the long distance transmission of written messages without physical transport of letters, originally over wire. ...

Benz's Model 3 made its wide-scale debut to the world in the 1889 World's Fair in Paris, and about twenty-five Motorwagens were built during the period between 1886 and 1893. Year 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Worlds Fair is any of various large expositions held since the mid-19th century. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ...

Benz & Cie. expansion

First bus in history: a Benz truck modified by Netphener company (1895)

Benz "Velo" model presentation in London 1898

The great demand for stationary, static internal combustion engines forced Benz to enlarge the factory, and in 1886 a new building located on Waldhofstrasse (operating until 1908) was added. Benz & Cie. had grown in the interim from 50 employees (1890) to 430 (1899). During the last years of the 19th century—Benz & Company—was the largest automobile company in the world with 572 units produced in 1899. Image File history File links Zzz-1stBus. ... Image File history File links Zzz-1stBus. ... Image File history File links Zzz-Vik-Lond. ... Image File history File links Zzz-Vik-Lond. ... An internal combustion engine is an engine that is powered by the expansion of hot combustion products of fuel directly acting within an engine. ... Karl Benz Replica of the Benz Patent Motorwagen built in 1885 Karl Friedrich Benz (November 25, 1844 – April 4, 1929) was a German automobile engineer, generally regarded as the inventor of the petrol-powered automobile. ...

Because of its size, in 1899 the Benz & Cie. became a joint-stock company with the arrival of Friedrich Von Fischer and Julius Ganß, who came aboard as members of the Board of Management. Ganß worked in the commercialization department. A joint stock company is a special kind of partnership. ... In relation to a company, a director is an officer (that is, someone who works for the company) charged with the conduct and management of its affairs. ...

The new directors recommended that Benz should create a less expensive automobile suitable for mass production. In 1893 Benz created the Victoria, a two-passenger automobile with a 3 hp engine, which could reach the top speed of 11 mph and a pivotal front axle operated by a roller-chained tiller for steering. The model was successful with 45 units sold in 1893. Mass production is the production of large amounts of standardised products on production lines. ... hp, see HP (disambiguation) The horsepower (hp) is the name of several non-metric units of power. ... Miles per hour is a unit of speed, expressing the number of international miles covered per hour. ... A pivot is that on which something turns. ... An axle is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. ... Roller chain and sprocket Roller chain or bush roller chain is the type of chain most commonly used for transmission of mechanical power on bicycles, motorcycles, and in industrial and agricultural machinery. ... A tiller or till is a lever attached to a rudder post (American terminology) or rudder stock (English terminology) of a boat in order to provide the leverage for the helmsman to turn the rudder. ... Steering is the term applied to the collection of components, linkages, etc. ...

In 1894 Benz improved this design in his new Velo model. This automobile was produced on such a remarkably large scale for the era—1200 units from 1894 to 1901—that it is considered the first mass-produced automobile. The Benz Velo also participated in the first automobile race: Paris to Rouen 1894. This mountain bicycle features oversized tires, a sturdy frame, front shock absorbers, and handlebars oriented perpendicular to the bikes axis Bicycle may also refer to Bicycle Playing Cards. ... Mass production is the production of large amounts of standardised products on production lines. ... Racing cars redirects here. ...

In 1895 Benz designed the first truck in history, with some of the units later modified by the first bus company: the Netphener, becoming the first buses in history. The driver of this DAF tractor with an auto-transport semi-trailer truck prepares to offload Å koda Octavia cars in Cardiff, Wales For other articles with similar names, see Lorry (disambiguation) and truck (disambiguation). ... A Go North East bus parked in a lay-by in Tyne and Wear, England. ...

In 1896 , Benz was granted a patent for his design of the first flat engine with horizontally-opposed pistons, a design in which the corresponding pistons reach top dead centre simultaneously, thus balancing each other with respect to momentum. Flat engines with four or fewer cylinders are most commonly boxer engines and also are known as horizontally opposed engines. This design continues to be used in high performance automobile racing engines. A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state to a patentee for a fixed period of time in exchange for a disclosure of an invention. ... The Boxer engine A flat engine is an internal combustion engine with its pistons parallel to the ground. ... For the use of the term in optics, see piston (optics). ... In classical mechanics, momentum (pl. ... Auto racing (also known as automobile racing or autosport) is a sport involving racing automobiles. ...

Although Gottlieb Daimler died in March of 1900—and there is no evidence that Benz and Daimler knew each other nor that they knew about each other's early achievements—eventually, competition with Daimler Motors (DMG) in Stuttgart began to challenge the leadership of Benz & Cie. In October of 1900 the main designer of DMG, Wilhelm Maybach, built the engine that would be used later, in the Mercedes-35hp of 1902. The engine was built to the specifications of Emil Jellinek under a contract for him to purchase thirty-six vehicles with the engine and for him to become a dealer of the special series. Jellinek stipulated that the new engine must be named, Daimler-Mercedes. Maybach would quit DMG in 1907, but he designed the model and all of the important changes. After testing, the first one was delivered to Jellinek on December 22, 1900. Jellinek continued to make suggestions for changes to the model and obtained good results racing the automobile in the next few years, encouraging DMG to engage in commercial production of automobiles, which they did in 1902. Gottlieb Daimler Gottlieb Wilhelm Daimler (March 17, 1834 - March 6, 1900) was an engineer, industrial designer and industrialist, born in Schorndorf (Kingdom of Württemberg) what is now Germany. ... Gottlieb Daimler Gottlieb Wilhelm Daimler (March 17, 1834 - March 6, 1900) was an engineer, industrial designer and industrialist, born in Schorndorf (Kingdom of Württemberg) what is now Germany. ... DMG may refer to: DMG Daily Mirror Group, English News Paper consortium, owner of NOVA Australian Radio Stations . ... City Center seen from Weinsteige Road Stuttgart Palace Square - New Palace Solitude Palace The 1956 TV Tower U.S. Army Kelley Barracks Stuttgart [], located in southern Germany, is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg with a population of 591,528 (as of April 2006) in the city... Wilhelm Maybach Wilhelm Maybach (February 9, 1846 – December 29, 1929), was an early German engine designer and industrialist. ... The Mercedes 35 hp was a car model designed in 1900 and produced since that year by the Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft DMG (predecessor of the Daimler-Chrylser), Wilhelm Maybach and Emil Jellinek in Stuttgart, Germany. ... Emil Jellinek Emil Jellinek, known after 1903 as Emil Jellinek-Mercedes (6 April 1853 – 1 January 1918) was a wealthy European entrepreneur who sat on the board of Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft (DMG) between 1900 and 1909. ...

Benz countered with his Parsifil automobile, introduced in 1903 with 2 vertical cylinders and a top speed of 37 mph. Then, without consulting Benz, the other directors hired some French designers. France was a country with an extensive automobile industry based on Maybach's creations. Because of this action, after difficult discussions, Benz announced his retirement from design management on January 24, 1903, although he remained as director on the Board of Management through its merger with DMG in 1926 and, on the board of the new Daimler-Benz until his death in 1929. January 24 is the 24th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1900 (MCMIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Friday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ...

Benz's sons Eugen and Richard left Benz & Cie. in 1903, but Richard returned in 1904 as designer of passenger vehicles.

By 1904 the sales of Benz & Cie. were up to 3480 automobiles and the company remained the leading manufacturer of automobiles. Along with continuing as a director of Benz & Cie., Benz soon would found another company—with his son, Eugen—that was closely held within the family, manufacturing automobiles under another brand.

In 1909 the Blitzen Benz was built by Benz & Cie. and the racecar set a land speed record of 228.1 km/h, said to be "faster than any plane, train, or automobile" at the time. The racecar was transported to several countries, even to the United States, to establish multiple records of this achievement. The bird-beaked, aerodynamically-designed vehicle contained a 21.5-liter displacement, 200-horsepower engine. The land speed record of the Blitzen Benz was unbroken for ten years. Henry Ford standing beside Oldfields first car in 1902 At Lakeside Track, April 1907 Barney Oldfield sitting in his Blitzen Benz at Daytona (undated) 1909 Blitzen Benz in a museum Oldfield (left) beside his Golden Submarine in the 1920s Official starter Barney Oldfield (left) beside racer Ralph Hepburn at... Auto racing (also known as automobile racing or autosport) is a sport involving racing automobiles. ... Ralph DePalma in his Packard 905 Special at Daytona Beach in 1919, courtesy Florida Photographic Collection For the album Land Speed Record by the band Hüsker Dü, see Land Speed Record (album). ... Auto racing (also known as automobile racing or autosport) is a sport involving racing automobiles. ...

Benz Sons (1906 to 1923)

Carl Benz, Bertha Benz, and their son Eugen then moved to live in nearby Ladenburg, and solely with their own capital, founded the company Benz Sons (German: Benz Söhne) in 1906 , producing automobiles and gas engines. The latter type was replaced by petrol engines because lack of demand. This company never issued stocks publicly, building its own line of automobiles independently from Benz & Cie. Ladenburg in 1900 Ladenburg is a town in the district of Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. ...

The Benz Sons automobiles were of good quality and became popular in London as taxis. In 1912, Benz liquidated all of his shares in Benz Sons and left the company to Eugen and Richard, but remained as a director of Benz & Cie. On November 25, 1914, the 70 year-old Benz was awarded an honorary Doctor title by the Karlsruhe University. This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Taxicab, short forms taxi or cab, is a type of public transport for a single passenger, or small group of passengers, typically for a non-shared ride. ... November 25 is the 329th day of the year (330th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... An honorary degree (Latin: honoris causa ad gradum, not to be confused with an honors degree) is an academic degree awarded to an individual as a decoration, rather than as the result of matriculating and studying for several years. ... The Universität Karlsruhe (TH) is a mainly technical university in the city of Karlsruhe, Germany and is a leading research university. ...

1923 Benz "Teardrop" aerodynamic racecar

Almost from the very beginning of the production of automobiles, participation in sports car racing became a major method to gain publicity for manufacturers. At first, the production models were raced and the Benz Velo participated in the first automobile race: Paris to Rouen 1894. Later, investment in developing racecars for motorsports produced returns through sales generated by the association of the name of the automobile with the winners. Unique race vehicles were built at the time, as seen in the photograph here of the Benz, the first mid-engine and aerodynamically designed, Tropfenwagen, a "teardrop" body introduced at the 1923 European Grand Prix at Monza. This image is in the public domain in the United States and possibly other jurisdictions. ... This image is in the public domain in the United States and possibly other jurisdictions. ... GTP sports cars racing at Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course in 1991 Sports car racing is a form of circuit racing, with cars that have two seats and enclosed wheel wells. ... Racing cars redirects here. ... Auto racing (also known as automobile racing or autosport) is a sport involving racing automobiles. ... Auto racing (also known as automobile racing or autosport) is a sport involving racing automobiles. ... In Automobile design, an MR or Mid-engine, Rear wheel drive layout drives the rear wheels with an engine placed just in front of them, behind the passenger compartment. ... Aerodynamics is a branch of fluid dynamics concerned with the study of gas flows. ... 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... The European Grand Prix was a separate Formula One event that was first held during the mid-1980s and was held regularly from 1993 to 2006. ... Autodromo Nazionale di Monza is a motorsport race track near the town of Monza, Italy, north of Milan. ...

In the last year of the Benz Sons company, 1923, three hundred and fifty units were built. Finally, in the following year, 1924, Benz built two additional 8/25 hp units tailored for his personal use, which he never sold; they are still preserved.

Toward Daimler-Benz and the Mercedes Benz of 1926

During the First World War, Benz & Cie. and Daimler Motors (DMG) both had massively increased their production for the war effort. After the conflict ended, both manufacturers resumed their normal activities, but the German economy was chaotic. The automobile was considered a luxury item and as such, was charged a 15 % extra tax. At the same time, the country suffered a severe lack of petroleum. To survive this difficult situation, in 1919 Benz & Cie. proposed a cooperation suggested by Benz through a representative, Karl Jahn, but DMG rejected the proposal in December. Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. ... A tax is a financial charge or other levy imposed on an individual or a legal entity by a state or a functional equivalent of a state (for example, tribes, secessionist movements or revolutionary movements). ...

The German economic crisis worsened. In 1923 Benz & Cie. produced only 1,382 units in Mannheim, and DMG made only 1,020 in Stuttgart. The average cost of an automobile was 25 million marks because of rapid inflation. Negotiations between the two companies resumed and in 1924 signed an Agreement of Mutual Interest valid until the year 2000. Both enterprises standardized design, production, purchasing, sales, and advertising—marketing their automobile models jointly—although keeping their respective brands. The name Papiermark (German: Paper mark) can be applied to the German currency from the point in 1914 when the link between the mark and gold was abandoned, due to the outbreak of the First World War. ...

Mercedes Benz logo

On June 28, 1926, Benz & Cie. and DMG finally merged as the Daimler-Benz company, baptizing all of its automobiles Mercedes Benz honoring the most important model of the DMG automobiles, the 1902 Mercedes-35hp, along with the Benz name. The name of that DMG model had been selected after ten-year-old Mercedes Jellinek, the daughter of Emil Jellinek (by then one of DMG's partners) who had set the specifications for the new model. Benz was a member of the new Board of Management for the remainder of his life. A new logo was created, consisting of a three pointed star (representing Daimler's motto: "engines for land, air, and water") surrounded by traditional laurels from the Benz logo, and was labeled Mercedes-Benz. Image File history File links Zzz-BenzMerceBenz. ... Image File history File links Zzz-BenzMerceBenz. ... June 28 is the 179th day of the year (180th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar). ... Daimler-Benz AG was founded on May 1, 1924 by the merger of Benz & Cie. ... This page is about the Mercedes-Benz brand of automobiles and trucks from the DaimlerChrysler automobile manufacturer. ... The Mercedes 35 hp was a car model designed in 1900 and produced since that year by the Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft DMG (predecessor of the Daimler-Chrylser), Wilhelm Maybach and Emil Jellinek in Stuttgart, Germany. ... Mercedes Jellinek Mercedes Adriana Manuela Ramona Jellinek was the daughter of Austrian automobile entrepreneur Emil Jellinek. ... Emil Jellinek Emil Jellinek, known after 1903 as Emil Jellinek-Mercedes (6 April 1853 – 1 January 1918) was a wealthy European entrepreneur who sat on the board of Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft (DMG) between 1900 and 1909. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... A motto (from Italian) is a phrase or a short list of words meant formally to describe the general motivation or intention of an entity, social group, or organization. ... Binomial name Laurus nobilis L. The Bay Laurel (Laurus nobilis, Lauraceae), also known as True Laurel, Sweet Bay, Grecian Laurel, or just Laurel, is an evergreen tree or large shrub reaching 10–18 m tall, native to the Mediterranean region. ... This page is about the Mercedes-Benz brand of automobiles and trucks from the DaimlerChrysler automobile manufacturer. ...

The next year, 1927, the number of units sold tripled to 7918 and the diesel was launched for truck production. In 1928 the Mercedes Benz SS was presented. Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel (1858-1913), inventor of the diesel engine. ... This page is about the Mercedes-Benz brand of automobiles and trucks from the DaimlerChrysler automobile manufacturer. ...

On April 4, 1929, Carl Benz died at his home in Ladenburg at the age of eighty-four from a bronchial inflammation in his lungs. Until her death on May 5, 1944, Bertha Benz continued to reside in their home. The Benz home has been designated as historic and is used as a scientific meeting facility for a nonprofit foundation that honors both Bertha and Carl Benz for their roles in the history of automobiles. April 4 is the 94th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (95th in leap years). ... Year 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi (medium-size airways) in the lungs. ... The heart and lungs (from an older edition of Grays Anatomy) The lung is an organ belonging to the respiratory system and interfacing to the circulatory system of air-breathing vertebrates. ... May 5 is the 125th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (126th in leap years). ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Bertha Benz, born Bertha Ringer (born May 3, 1849 in Pforzheim, Germany, married inventor Karl Benz on July 20, 1872, and died May 5, 1944 in Ladenburg), was the first person to drive an automobile over a long distance. ...

See also

• Benz (unit)

A benz (symbol:Bz)[1] is a unit of velocity, identical to 1 metre per second. ...

Notes

Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 for desktop publishing use. ... November 2 is the 306th day of the year (307th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 59 days remaining. ... Year 1886 (MDCCCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

References

• Benz, Carl (2001). Lebensfahrt eines deutschen Erfinders : meine Erinnerungen. München: Koehler und Amelang. ISBN 3-7338-0302-7.  (German) (autobiography) [1]

The life of a German inventor: my memories

• Seherr-Thoss, Hans Christoph, Graf von (1988). Zwei Männer - ein Stern : Gottlieb Daimler und Karl Benz in Bildern, Daten und Dokumenten. Düsseldorf: VDI-Verlag. ISBN 3-18-400851-7.  (German) [2]

Two men - one star: Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz in pictures, data and documents

• Seidel, Winfried A. (2005). Carl Benz : eine badische Geschichte ; die Vision vom "pferdelosen Wagen" verändert die Welt. Weinheim: Ed. Diesbach. ISBN 3-936468-29-X.  (German) (biography) Image of cover. (German) [3]

Carl Benz: a Baden history; the vision of the "horseless car" changes the world

Baden is a historical state in the southwest of Germany, on the right bank of the Rhine. ...

External links

• Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz Foundation - founded in 1997 at the last residence of Karl Benz
• Karl Benz on 3-wheelers.com
• Das Automuseum Dr. Carl Benz in der alten Benz Fabrik (German)

The Dr. Carl Benz Auto Museum at the former Benz factory in Ladenburg.

Description and photographs of the museum. One shows "C. BENZ SÖHNE KG" painted on the building. [4]