Carlo Azeglio Ciampi
X President of the Italian Republic
In office May 18, 1999 – May 15, 2006
Preceded by	Oscar Luigi Scalfaro
Succeeded by	Giorgio Napolitano
Prime Minister of Italy
In office 28 April 1993 – 10 May 1994
President	Oscar Luigi Scalfaro
Preceded by	Giuliano Amato
Succeeded by	Silvio Berlusconi
Born	December 9, 1920 (age 86) Livorno, Italy
Political party	(non-aligned)
Spouse	Franca Pilla

Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (born 9 December 1920 in Livorno) is an Italian politician and banker who has been both Prime Minister of Italy and President of the Italian Republic. He resigned as President before the swearing-in ceremony of his successor Giorgio Napolitano. He is currently a senator for life in the Italian Senate. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1488x2240, 185 KB) Carlo Azeglio Ciampi Source: http://www. ... The President of the Italian Republic is the head of State of Italy, and represents national unity. ... May 18 is the 138th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (139th in leap years). ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (136th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Oscar Luigi Scalfaro [skalfaro] (born September 9, 1918) is an Italian politician and magistrate, member of the Catholic Democratic Party and President of the Italian Republic from 1992 to 1999, and lifetime senator. ... Giorgio Napolitano (born June 29, 1925), is an Italian politician and former lifetime senator, the eleventh and current President of the Italian Republic. ... In Italy, the President of the Council of Ministers (Italian: Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri) is the countrys prime minister or head of government, and occupies the fourth-most important state office. ... April 28 is the 118th day of the year (119th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 247 days remaining. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... May 10 is the 130th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (131st in leap years). ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ... Oscar Luigi Scalfaro [skalfaro] (born September 9, 1918) is an Italian politician and magistrate, member of the Catholic Democratic Party and President of the Italian Republic from 1992 to 1999, and lifetime senator. ... Giuliano Amato (born May 13, 1938) is an Italian politician. ...   (born September 29, 1936) is an Italian politician, entrepreneur, and media proprietor. ... December 9 is the 343rd day (344th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Livorno, sometimes in English Leghorn, (population 170,000) is a port city on the Tyrrhenian Sea on the western edge of Tuscany, Italy. ... December 9 is the 343rd day (344th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Livorno, sometimes in English Leghorn, (population 170,000) is a port city on the Tyrrhenian Sea on the western edge of Tuscany, Italy. ... In Italy, the President of the Council of Ministers (Italian: Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri) is the countrys prime minister or head of government, and occupies the fourth-most important state office. ... The President of the Italian Republic is the head of State of Italy, and represents national unity. ... Giorgio Napolitano (born June 29, 1925), is an Italian politician and former lifetime senator, the eleventh and current President of the Italian Republic. ... A senator for life is a member of the Italian Senate appointed by the President of the Italian Republic for outstanding merits in the social, scientific, artistic or literary field. Former Presidents of the Republic are ex officio life senators. ... Palazzo Madama house of the Senate of the Republic. ...

Biography

Education

Ciampi was born in Livorno (Tuscany). Livorno, sometimes in English Leghorn, (population 170,000) is a port city on the Tyrrhenian Sea on the western edge of Tuscany, Italy. ... Tuscany (Italian: ) is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. ...

After receiving a degree in literature in 1941 from the Scuola Normale of Pisa, one of the country's most prestigious universities, he was called to military duty in Albania as a lieutenant. On September 8, 1943, the date of the armistice with the Allies, he refused to remain in the Fascist Italian Social Republic, and took refuge in Abruzzo, in Scanno. He subsequently managed to pass the lines and reach Bari, where he joined the Partito d'Azione (and thus the Italian resistance movement). Old book bindings at the Merton College library. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... The Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, also known in Italian as Scuola Normale (English: Normal High School College of Pisa or Normal School), is without a doubt the most selective higher learning institution in Italy. ... Representation of a university class, 1350s. ... September 8 is the 251st day of the year (252nd in leap years). ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... The Armistice with Italy is an armistice that occurred on September 8, 1943, during World War II. It was signed by Italy and the Allied armed forces, who were occupying the southern half of the country at the time. ... Fascism is an authoritarian political ideology and mass movement that seeks to place the nation, defined in exclusive biological, cultural, and historical terms, above all other loyalties, and to create a mobilized national community. ... War flag of the Italian Social Republic. ... Abruzzo is a region of Italy bordering Marche to the north, Lazio to the west and south-west, Molise to the south-east and the Adriatic Sea to the east. ... Scanno can be: a word for the equivalent of a typo, resulting from an imperfect scanning; the name of a place in the Italian Abruzzi the name of a literary prize This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... Location within Italy Bari is the capital of the province of Bari and of the Apulia (or Puglia) region, on the Adriatic sea, in Italy. ... Action Party (1942-1947) // Italian political party of the anti-fascist opposition, in the tradition of Mazzini and the Risorgimento. ... Partisans parading in Milan The Italian resistance movement was a partisan force during World War II. It became massive after the capitulation of the Italian Royal Army on September 8, 1943. ...

In 1946 he married Franca Pila. The same year, he also obtained a degree in law from the University of Pisa in 1946. That same year, he began working at the Banca d'Italia. He also inscribed to CGIL, a member of which he remained until 1980. 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Lady Justice is a personification of the law. ... The University of Pisa (Italian Università di Pisa) is one of the most renowned Italian universities. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Banca dItalia is the central bank of Italy and part of the European System of Central Banks. ... The Italian General Confederation of Labour (CGIL) is a national trade union centre in Italy. ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ...

The Italian design for the Euro coin, chosen by Ciampi.

Oxford University awarded him an Honorary Doctor of Civil Law degree in March 2005. Image of euro coinage. ... Image of euro coinage. ... For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation) or EUR (disambiguation). ... The University of Oxford (usually abbreviated as Oxon. ... An honorary degree (Latin: honoris causa ad gradum, not to be confused with an honors degree) is an academic degree awarded to an individual as a decoration, rather than as the result of matriculating and studying for several years. ... Some universities, such as the University of Oxford, award Doctor of Civil Law (DCL) degrees instead of Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) degrees. ...

Career in the Banca d'Italia

In 1960, he was called to work in the central administration of the Banca d'Italia, where he became Secretary General in 1973, Vice Director General in 1976, and Director General in 1978. In October 1979, he was nominated Governor of the Banca d'Italia and President of the Ufficio Italiano Cambi, positions he filled until 1993. 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1960 calendar). ... Banca dItalia is the central bank of Italy and part of the European System of Central Banks. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... For the song by The Smashing Pumpkins, see 1979 (song). ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ...

Prime Minister

From April 1993 to May 1994, he was the Italian Prime Minister overseeing a technical government. Later, as Treasury Minister from 1996 to May 1999 in the governments of Romano Prodi and Massimo D'Alema, he was credited with adopting the euro currency. He personally chose the Italian design for the 1-euro coin, whereas all others were left to a television vote among some candidates the ministry had prepared. (See also: Italian euro coins) 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ... In Italy, the President of the Council of Ministers (Italian: Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri) is the countrys prime minister or head of government, and occupies the fourth-most important state office. ... A technical government is a non-party government made up of unelected technocrats such as civil servants, magistrates or experts from outside the political circle such as bankers instead of members of the countrys legislature. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...   (born 9 August 1939) is a centre-left Italian politician. ... Massimo DAlema (born on April 20, 1949 in Rome, Italy) is an Italian journalist and politician, a former prime minister and a former national secretary of the PDS, Partito Democratico della Sinistra. ... For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation) or EUR (disambiguation). ... Italian euro coins all have a design unique to each coin, though there is a common theme of famous Italian works of art from one of Italys renowned artists. ...

Ciampi chose the Vitruvian man of Leonardo da Vinci, on the symbolic grounds that it represented man as a measure of all things, and in particular of the coin: in this perspective, money was at the service of man, instead of its opposite. The design also fitted very well on the bimetallic material of the coin. The Vitruvian Man is a famous drawing with accompanying notes by Leonardo da Vinci made around the year 1492 in one of his journals. ... The Mona Lisa Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (April 15, 1452 – May 2, 1519) was an Italian polymath: scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, painter, sculptor, architect, musician, and writer. ... Economics offers various definitions for money, though it is now commonly defined as any good or token that functions as a medium of exchange that is socially and legally accepted in payment for goods and services and in settlement of debts. ... thermocouple and Peltier_Seebeck effect. ...

President of Italy

Ciampi was elected with a broad majority, and was the second president ever to be elected at the first ballot (when there is a requirement of a two-thirds majority) in a joint session of the Chamber of Deputies, the Italian Senate and representatives of the Regions. Chamber of Deputies or Camera dei Deputati, one house of the bicameral parliamentary system, seats 630 members of which 475 are directly elected and 155 by regional proportional representation. ... Palazzo Madama house of the Senate of the Republic. ...

As a president, he usually refrained from intervening directly into the political debate. However, he has often addressed general issues, without mentioning their connection to the current political debate, in order to state his opinion without being too intrusive. His interventions have frequently stressed the need for all parties to respect the constitution and observe the proprieties of political debate. He is generally held in high regard by all political forces represented in the parliament. The possibility of persuading Ciampi to stand for a second term as president - the so-called Ciampi-bis - was widely discussed, despite his advancing age but it was officially dismissed by Ciampi himself on 3 May 2006, just a few days before his mandate expired. May 3 is the 123rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (124th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... On May 2, 2006, the Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies of Italy Fausto Bertinotti, in agreement with Senate Speaker Franco Marini, convened the two houses of the Italian Parliament, integrated with a number of Grand Electors appointed by the 20 Italian regions, in a common session on May 8...

President Ciampi is not considered to be close to the positions of the Vatican and the Catholic church, in a sort of alternance after the devout Oscar Luigi Scalfaro. He has often praised patriotism, not a common feeling in Italy because of its abuse by the Fascist regime; President Ciampi, however, seems to want to stress self-confidence rather than nationalism. Oscar Luigi Scalfaro [skalfaro] (born September 9, 1918) is an Italian politician and magistrate, member of the Catholic Democratic Party and President of the Italian Republic from 1992 to 1999, and lifetime senator. ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... Fascism (in Italian, fascismo), capitalized, was the authoritarian political movement which ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of Benito Mussolini. ... Self-confidence is an attitude which allows individuals to have positive yet realistic views of themselves and their situations. ... Eugène Delacroixs Liberty Leading the People, symbolising French nationalism during the July Revolution. ...

On May 5, 2005, he received the Charlemagne Award of the city of Aachen. On June 15, 2005, he was awarded an honorary doctorate by the École Normale Supérieure of Paris. May 5 is the 125th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (126th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Bill Clinton received the Karlspreis in 2000. ... Oche redirects here; in darts the oche is the line from which players must throw. ... June 15 is the 166th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (167th in leap years), with 199 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... An Honorary degree (Latin: honoris causa ad gradum) is a degree awarded to someone by an institution that he or she may have never attended, it may be a bachelors, masters or doctorate degree - however, the latter is most common. ... The quadrangle at the main ENS building on rue dUlm is known as the Cour aux Ernests – the Ernests being the goldfish in the pond. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ...

v • d • e Prime ministers of Italy

Kingdom of Italy Cavour · Ricasoli · Rattazzi · Farini · Minghetti · La Marmora · Ricasoli · Rattazzi · Menabrea · Lanza · Minghetti · Depretis · Cairoli · Depretis · Cairoli · Depretis · Crispi · Starrabba · Giolitti · Crispi · Starrabba · Pelloux · Saracco · Zanardelli · Giolitti · Tittoni · Fortis · Sonnino · Giolitti · Sonnino · Luzzatti · Giolitti · Salandra · Boselli · Orlando · Nitti · Giolitti · Bonomi · Facta · Mussolini · Badoglio · Bonomi · Parri · De Gasperi Banca dItalia is the central bank of Italy and part of the European System of Central Banks. ... Antonio Fazio (born 1936 in Alvito, province of Frosinone) is the Governor of the Bank of Italy, a lifetime appointment (although legislation establishing a fixed-term appointment is now expected), and considered one of the most powerful men in Italy. ... Giuliano Amato (born May 13, 1938) is an Italian politician. ... In Italy, the President of the Council of Ministers (Italian: Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri) is the countrys prime minister or head of government, and occupies the fourth-most important state office. ...   (born September 29, 1936) is an Italian politician, entrepreneur, and media proprietor. ... Oscar Luigi Scalfaro [skalfaro] (born September 9, 1918) is an Italian politician and magistrate, member of the Catholic Democratic Party and President of the Italian Republic from 1992 to 1999, and lifetime senator. ... The President of the Italian Republic is the head of State of Italy, and represents national unity. ... Giorgio Napolitano (born June 29, 1925), is an Italian politician and former lifetime senator, the eleventh and current President of the Italian Republic. ... Morihiro Hosokawa Morihiro Hosokawa (細川 è­·ç…• Hosokawa Morihiro, b. ... 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Presidents of the Italian Republic
De Nicola • Einaudi • Gronchi • Segni • Saragat • Leone • Pertini • Cossiga • Scalfaro • Ciampi • Napolitano