Carlo Giuliani (March 14, 1978 -- July 20, 2001) was an Italian demonstrator who was shot dead by police during the demonstrations against the Group of Eight summit that was held in Genoa from July 19 to July 21, 2001. Carlo Giuliani was born in Rome, the son of Giuliano Giuliani, a CGIL trade union activist, and Haidi Giuliani, today a Senator for the Communist Refoundation Party. For the Lebanese political coalition, see March 14 Alliance. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... July 20 is the 201st day (202nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 164 days remaining. ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Police brutality is a term used to describe the excessive use of physical force, assault, verbal attacks, and threats by police officers and other law enforcement officers. ... Protestors on the Streets The Genoa Group of Eight Summit protest, from July 18 to July 22, 2001, was one of the most dramatic protests in Western Europes recent history, drawing some 300,000 demonstrators and resulting in the death of at least one activist. ... Genoa (Genova in Italian - Zena in Genoese) is a city and a seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria. ... July 19 is the 200th day (201st in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 165 days remaining. ... July 21 is the 202nd day (203rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 163 days remaining. ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Nickname: The Eternal City Motto: SPQR: Senatus PopulusQue Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC  - Mayor Walter Veltroni Area    - City 1285 km²  (580 sq mi)  - Urban... The Italian General Confederation of Labour (CGIL) is a national trade union centre in Italy. ... The Communist Refoundation Party (Italian: Partito della Rifondazione Comunista) is an Italian reformed communist party. ...

Genoa 2001

He was killed on July 20, 2001, during a violent clash between protestors and Italian Carabinieri in Piazza Alimonda, in the Genoa downtown. A Carabinieri vehicle became stuck and some protesters (wielding metal poles and wooden boards) attempted either to break the windows, to force their way inside, or to injure the occupants. In the midst of this clash, Carlo Giuliani, who was wearing a black ski mask, picked up a fire extinguisher and, apparently intending to throw it at the officers inside the police jeep, was shot in the face by one of the officers. Giuliani fell to the ground as the driver reversed the vehicle, driving over Giuliani's body twice. July 20 is the 201st day (202nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 164 days remaining. ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Carabinieri is the shortened (and common) name for the Arma dei Carabinieri, an Italian military corps of the gendarmerie type with police functions, which also serves as the Italian military police. ... A piazza is an open square in a city, often used as a marketplace, found in Italy. ... Genoa (Genova in Italian - Zena in Genoese) is a city and a seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria. ... This article is about the headgear known as a balaclava, for information about the town in the Crimea see: Balaklava. ...

The Carabinieri's vehicle surrounded by protesters. Carlo Giuliani appears at center, in white undershirt and ski mask.

All charges against the police officer who allegedly shot him, Mario Placanica, were dropped, the judge charged of the decision over the opening of a trial, Elena Daloiso, having concluded that the fatal bullet that struck Giuliani was not directly aimed at Giuliani and deflected towards him by a stone in mid-air; During a later trial held in Genoa in order to process some demonstrators allegedly involved in the clashes occurred in the same day Carlo Giuliani was shot dead, however, the very same forensic doctor, professor Marco Salvi, that had been a consultant to the prosecutor Silvio Franz, charged with the inquiry against Mario Placanica, testified that Giuliani had been the victim of a "direct hit", thus dismissing the decision previously made based on the alleged deviation of the bullet in mid-air. The conclusion of judge Daloiso, which had been already subject of strong criticism, was therefore challenged again by the press, as was the decision not to charge the driver of the jeep on the basis that Giuliani was already dead when run over; medics tending to Giuliani after he was run over testified that his heart was still beating^[1], and this was confirmed by professor Marco Salvi during the aforementioned trial. Had it been concluded that Placanica shot Giuliani in self-defense, a trial would have been necessary, but the conclusion that the bullet was not fired directly at Giuliani removed the need for any trial. Image File history File links Giuliani-Jeep_Attack. ... Image File history File links Giuliani-Jeep_Attack. ... The Carabinieri is the shortened (and common) name for the Arma dei Carabinieri, an Italian military corps of the gendarmerie type with police functions, which also serves as the Italian military police. ... 2003 GMO USDA protest Protest expresses relatively overt reaction to events or situations: sometimes in favour, more often opposed. ...

A number of questions about Giuliani's death remain unanswered, particularly after Placanica told the media in 2003 that "I've been used to cover up the responsibility of others." After making this statement, Placanica was involved in a "suspicious" car accident, days after allegedly observing someone tampering with his car^[2]. Placanica was also allegedly kept in seclusion following the incident, and his parents were not allowed to visit him in the hospital^[3]. Recently, Placanica declared not to have shot Giuliani, and claimed the deadly blow to have come not from the vehicle, but somewhere from the piazza outside.^[4] . In contrast, the media was careful to differentiate the primary gatherings as "mainly peaceful mass demonstrations"^[5]. A piazza is an open square in a city, often used as a marketplace, found in Italy. ...

Trial

All charges against the police officer who allegedly shot him, Mario Placanica, were dropped, the judge charged of the decision over the opening of a trial, Elena Daloiso, having concluded that the fatal bullet that struck Giuliani was not directly aimed at Giuliani and deflected towards him by a stone in mid-air; During a later trial held in Genoa in order to process some demonstrators allegedly involved in the clashes occurred in the same day Carlo Giuliani was shot dead, however, the very same forensic doctor, professor Marco Salvi, that had been a consultant to the prosecutor Silvio Franz, charged with the inquiry against Mario Placanica, testified that Giuliani had been the victim of a "direct hit", thus dismissing the decision previously made based on the alleged deviation of the bullet in mid-air. The conclusion of judge Daloiso, which had been already subject of strong criticism, was therefore challenged again by the press, as was the decision not to charge the driver of the jeep on the basis that Giuliani was already dead when run over; medics tending to Giuliani after he was run over testified that his heart was still beating^[6], and this was confirmed by professor Marco Salvi during the aforementioned trial. Had it been concluded that Placanica shot Giuliani in self-defense, a trial would have been necessary, but the conclusion that the bullet was not fired directly at Giuliani removed the need for any trial.

Carlo Giuliani seconds before being killed.

To confuse the situation further, in late 2003 Placanica told the Bologna daily Il Resto Del Carlino that "I've been used to cover up the responsibility of others." He claimed that the bullet found in Giuliani's body was not of the caliber or type fired by the pistols of the Carabinieri, and claimed the deadly shot to have come not from the vehicle, but somewhere from the piazza outside.^[7] Image File history File links Giuliani-Fire_Extinguisher. ... Image File history File links Giuliani-Fire_Extinguisher. ... Bologna (IPA , from Latin Bononia, Bulåggna in the local dialect) is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy, in the Pianura Padana, between the Po River and the Apennines, exactly between the Reno River and the Sàvena River. ... A piazza is an open square in a city, often used as a marketplace, found in Italy. ...

A symbol

Carlo Giuliani has become the symbol of police abuse during the G8 summit in Genoa. Police brutality is a term used to describe the excessive use of physical force, assault, verbal attacks, and threats by police officers and other law enforcement officers. ...

The anarcho-punk band Conflict released a song in his memory, aptly titled "Carlo Giuliani". [1] Spanish ska band Ska-P remembers Carlo through their song titled "Solamente por pensar" (Only for thinking) [2] and then adapted its lyrics to Italian for a concert in Italy entitling it "Solamente per pensare" (same title translated to Italian) [3]. The North-American "Outspoken Word Troupe" of political poets published a piece entitled "A Tale of Two Giulianis" contrasting Carlo to former New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani. The anarchy symbol commonly used by anarcho-punks Anarcho-punk (sometimes known as peace-punk) is a subgenre of the punk rock movement consisting of groups and bands promoting specifically anarchist ideas. ... Conflicts logo as originally designed by Nihilistic Nobody Conflict is an anarcho-punk band originally based around Eltham in South London. ... SKA-P (escahpeh) is a ska punk band formed in Madrid (Vallecas), Spain, in 1994, that could be categorized, politically, as an extreme leftist - almost anarchist - musical group. ... Rudolph William Louis Rudy Giuliani III (born May 28, 1944) is an American lawyer, prosecutor, businessman, and Republican politician from the state of New York. ...

The English anarchist pop group Chumbawamba wrote English lyrics to the traditional World War II anti-fascist Italian partisans song Bella Ciao after visiting Genoa during the G8 summit meeting. The song[4] was dedicated to Carlo Giuliani. Chumbawamba are an English band who play pop music influenced by folk, punk, dance, world and other styles of popular music. ... Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total dead: 50,000,000 Military dead: 8,000,000 Civilian dead: 4,000,000 Total dead 12,000,000 World War II (abbreviated WWII), or the Second World War, was a worldwide conflict... Partisans parading in Milan The Italian resistance movement was a partisan force during World War II. It became massive after the capitulation of the Italian Royal Army on September 8, 1943. ... Bella ciao is an Italian partisan song of the World War II. The origins of the song are uncertain. ...

Another song titled "Carlo Giuliani" [5] by the Irish folk-punk band, Lynched, sets lyrics to a somewhat haunting tune about the incident. A soundbite at the end of the song, of an Irish activist speaking about Giuliani, goes, "Carlo Giuliani was not a hero. He was not a martyr. He was one of us." Italian singer-songwriter Francesco Guccini wrote a song about Carlo Giuliani and the G8 summit incidents, named "Piazza Alimonda" (the place where Giuliani was shot) and included in his album Ritratti of 2004. The term singer-songwriter refers to performers who both write and sing their own material. ... Francesco Guccini Francesco Guccini (born June 14, 1940 in Modena) is an Italian singer-songwriter and author. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Piazza Alimonda, the plaza where Giuliani was killed, was unofficially renamed "Piazza Carlo Giuliani" by activists, who erected a memorial there for mementos, photographs, writings and flowers. This memorial has since been burned twice by unknown vandals. Another memorial, instituted upon request and at the expense of his parents, features simply the words "Carlo Giuliani, boy." Another plaza, in Bern, Switzerland, has also been named "Carlo-Giuliani Platz" in memoriam; the renaming took place during a memorial art exhibition called The Geometries of Memory.

Recently, the Communist Refoundation Party renamed its Presidency Office in the Italian Parliament after Carlo Giuliani. Giuliani's mother, Haidi, was elected Senator for the party in the 2006 election with the main goal to find out the truth behind Giuliani's killing by proposing to start a parliamentary inquiry commission on the G8 facts. The Communist Refoundation Party (Italian: Partito della Rifondazione Comunista) is an Italian reformed communist party. ... A general election for the renewal of the two Chambers of the Parliament of Italy was held on April 9 and April 10, 2006. ...

External links

• Guardian Unlimited, "Violence Erupts Again in Genoa"
• Photos showing the sequence of events in detail
• Counter investigation by Pillola Rossa - in Italian
• Summary of the evidence by Lello Voce - in English *Photos

Notes